Offering recovery rather than punishment: Implementation of a law enforcement-led pre-arrest diversion-to-treatment program for adults with substance use disorders.

Adult Humans Law Enforcement Punishment Pandemics Substance-Related Disorders / therapy Drug Overdose
Addiction Crime Opioid use disorder Pre-arrest diversion Substance use disorder Treatment

Journal

Journal of substance use and addiction treatment
ISSN: 2949-8759
Titre abrégé: J Subst Use Addict Treat
Pays: United States
ID NLM: 9918541186406676

Informations de publication

Date de publication:
Apr 2024
Historique:
received: 04 07 2023
revised: 13 10 2023
accepted: 13 12 2023
medline: 18 3 2024
pubmed: 20 12 2023
entrez: 19 12 2023
Statut: ppublish

Résumé

The opioid epidemic has strained the US criminal justice system. Law enforcement frequently encounters persons with substance use disorder (SUD). Law enforcement-led, pre-arrest diversion programs linking individuals with SUD to addiction treatment instead of arrest and prosecution has the potential to reduce crime, overdoses, and other community harms. We implemented a pre-arrest diversion-to-treatment program-the Madison Addiction Recovery Initiative (MARI)-from September 2017 to August 2020, and describe the key components of MARI's effective implementation. Adults who committed an eligible, drug use-related crime were offered a 6-month MARI participation with referral to treatment in lieu of arrest; criminal charges for that crime were "voided" upon the successful MARI completion. Formative evaluation, with stakeholder feedback and team meeting minutes, assessed key factors influencing implementation. Process evaluation consisted of tracking participant referrals, enrollment, and engagement. Police officers, MARI participants, and treatment center staff members were surveyed about program experiences and attitudes. The study used descriptive statistics to describe quantitative survey responses; thematic qualitative analysis identified major themes in qualitative responses. Of 263 participants, 160 initiated program engagement, with 100 successfully completing MARI. Interim evaluations and community partner feedback informed program protocol adjustments to increase participant enrollment, retention and diversity, streamline the referral processes, and transition to telehealth during the COVID-19 pandemic. Rigorous evaluation and community partner feedback are essential components of effective implementation and sustainability of a law enforcement-led pre-arrest diversion-to-treatment program, which has the potential to both reduce crime and overdose, and change the lives of people with SUD.

Sections du résumé

BACKGROUND BACKGROUND
The opioid epidemic has strained the US criminal justice system. Law enforcement frequently encounters persons with substance use disorder (SUD). Law enforcement-led, pre-arrest diversion programs linking individuals with SUD to addiction treatment instead of arrest and prosecution has the potential to reduce crime, overdoses, and other community harms. We implemented a pre-arrest diversion-to-treatment program-the Madison Addiction Recovery Initiative (MARI)-from September 2017 to August 2020, and describe the key components of MARI's effective implementation.
METHODS METHODS
Adults who committed an eligible, drug use-related crime were offered a 6-month MARI participation with referral to treatment in lieu of arrest; criminal charges for that crime were "voided" upon the successful MARI completion. Formative evaluation, with stakeholder feedback and team meeting minutes, assessed key factors influencing implementation. Process evaluation consisted of tracking participant referrals, enrollment, and engagement. Police officers, MARI participants, and treatment center staff members were surveyed about program experiences and attitudes. The study used descriptive statistics to describe quantitative survey responses; thematic qualitative analysis identified major themes in qualitative responses.
RESULTS RESULTS
Of 263 participants, 160 initiated program engagement, with 100 successfully completing MARI. Interim evaluations and community partner feedback informed program protocol adjustments to increase participant enrollment, retention and diversity, streamline the referral processes, and transition to telehealth during the COVID-19 pandemic.
CONCLUSION CONCLUSIONS
Rigorous evaluation and community partner feedback are essential components of effective implementation and sustainability of a law enforcement-led pre-arrest diversion-to-treatment program, which has the potential to both reduce crime and overdose, and change the lives of people with SUD.

Identifiants

DOI: 10.1016/j.josat.2023.209274 PMID: 38113995
pubmed: 38113995
pii: S2949-8759(23)00326-0
doi: 10.1016/j.josat.2023.209274
pii:
doi:

Types de publication

Journal Article

Langues

eng

Sous-ensembles de citation

IM

Pagination

209274

Informations de copyright

Copyright © 2023 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Auteurs

Alice Zhang (A)

Penn State College of Medicine - Department of Family and Community Medicine, 500 University Drive, Hershey 17033, PA, USA. Electronic address: azhang@pennstatehealth.psu.edu.

Joseph A Balles (JA)

Safe Communities Madison-Dane County, Inc., Retired Captain, City of Madison Police Department, 211 S. Carroll Street, Madison 53703, WI, USA.

Mary F Henningfield (MF)

University of Wisconsin-Madison- Department of Family Medicine and Community Health, 1100 Delaplaine Ct., Madison 53715, WI, USA. Electronic address: mary.henningfield@fammed.wisc.edu.

Jennifer E Nyland (JE)

Penn State College of Medicine - Department of Neural and Behavioral Sciences, 500 University Drive, Hershey 17033, PA, USA. Electronic address: jnyland@pennstatehealth.psu.edu.

Thao H Nguyen (TH)

Family Health Centers of San Diego, 5454 El Cajon Boulevard, San Diego 92115, CA, USA. Electronic address: thaongu@fhcsd.org.

Aleksandra E Zgierska (AE)

Penn State College of Medicine - Departments of Family and Community Medicine, Public Health Sciences, and Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, 500 University Drive, Hershey 17033, PA, USA. Electronic address: azgierska@pennstatehealth.psu.edu.

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Classifications MeSH

questionsmedicales.fr › Personnes › Tranches d'âge › Adulte › Offering recovery rather than punishment:...
questionsmedicales.fr › Eucaryotes › Animaux › Chordés › Vertébrés › Mammifères › Eutheria › Primates › Haplorhini › Catarrhini › Hominidae › Humains › Offering recovery rather than punishment:...
questionsmedicales.fr › Sciences sociales › Sociologie › Application de la loi › Offering recovery rather than punishment:...
questionsmedicales.fr › Sciences sociales › Sociologie › Contrôle social informel › Punition › Offering recovery rather than punishment:...
questionsmedicales.fr › Environnement et santé publique › Santé publique › Épidémies de maladies › Épidémies › Pandémies › Offering recovery rather than punishment:...
questionsmedicales.fr › Troubles mentaux › Troubles liés à une substance › Offering recovery rather than punishment:...
questionsmedicales.fr › Thérapeutique › Traitement médicamenteux › Mésusage de médicament › Surdose › Mauvais usage des médicaments prescrits › Offering recovery rather than punishment:...