Severe caffeine poisoning treated with intermittent hemodialysis under circulatory support: A case report.

Caffeine poisoning Renal replacement therapy Veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation Ventricular fibrillation

Journal

The American journal of emergency medicine
ISSN: 1532-8171
Titre abrégé: Am J Emerg Med
Pays: United States
ID NLM: 8309942

Informations de publication

Date de publication:
12 Dec 2023
Historique:
received: 22 07 2023
revised: 07 12 2023
accepted: 09 12 2023
medline: 22 12 2023
pubmed: 22 12 2023
entrez: 21 12 2023
Statut: aheadofprint

Résumé

Caffeine poisoning can cause fatal ventricular arrhythmias. In this report, we describe a case of severe caffeine poisoning with extraordinarily high blood caffeine levels. Despite developing refractory ventricular fibrillation, the patient was successfully treated with intermittent hemodialysis (IHD) under circulatory support by venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VA-ECMO). A 22-year-old male was transported to our hospital approximately 2.5 h after ingesting 200 highly caffeinated tablets (200 mg/tablet) (40 g caffeine total) in a suicide attempt. On arrival, the patient vomited frequently with a Glasgow Coma Scale score E3V2M5, heart rate 185 beats/min, and a blood pressure of 97/62 mmHg. Shortly after arrival, the patient developed ventricular fibrillation which was refractory either to three electrical defibrillations or antiarrhythmic drugs, resulting in endotracheal intubation for mechanical ventilation and VA-ECMO. Starting from 2 h after arrival, intermittent hemodialysis (IHD) was performed for 11 h, which markedly improved clinical symptoms and circulatory parameters. Serum caffeine level was 454.9 mg/dL upon arrival at the hospital, but it decreased to 55.5 mg/dL by the end of IHD treatment. Renal replacement therapy (RRT) including intermittent hemodiafiltration, continuous hemodiafiltration, and IHD was continued because of rhabdomyolysis with myoglobinuria and secondary caused acute kidney injury. The patient was weaned off VA-ECMO on hospital day 7, extubated on hospital day 18, weaned from RRT on hospital day 46, and was transferred to another hospital for physical rehabilitation on hospital day 113. IHD under circulatory support by VA-ECMO should be considered in severe caffeine poisoning causing potentially fatal arrhythmias.

Identifiants

pubmed: 38129271
pii: S0735-6757(23)00693-9
doi: 10.1016/j.ajem.2023.12.014
pii:
doi:

Types de publication

Case Reports

Langues

eng

Sous-ensembles de citation

IM

Informations de copyright

Copyright © 2023 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Déclaration de conflit d'intérêts

Declaration of Competing Interest None.

Auteurs

Daichi Mitsui (D)

Emergency and Critical Care Center, Yamanashi Prefectural Central Hospital, 1-1-1, Fujimi, Kofu City, Yamanashi 400-0027, Japan. Electronic address: sincostan5432@yahoo.co.jp.

Yoshito Kamijo (Y)

Clinical Toxicology Center, Saitama Medical University Hospital, 38, Hongo, Moroyama-machi, Iruma-gun, Sitama 350-0495, Japan.

Takumi Yoshino (T)

Emergency and Critical Care Center, Yamanashi Prefectural Central Hospital, 1-1-1, Fujimi, Kofu City, Yamanashi 400-0027, Japan.

Tomoki Hanazawa (T)

Clinical Toxicology Center, Saitama Medical University Hospital, 38, Hongo, Moroyama-machi, Iruma-gun, Sitama 350-0495, Japan.

Tomohiro Yoshizawa (T)

Clinical Toxicology Center, Saitama Medical University Hospital, 38, Hongo, Moroyama-machi, Iruma-gun, Sitama 350-0495, Japan.

Fumiaki Iwase (F)

Emergency and Critical Care Center, Yamanashi Prefectural Central Hospital, 1-1-1, Fujimi, Kofu City, Yamanashi 400-0027, Japan.

Classifications MeSH