Incidence and pattern of childhood cancer in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia (2012-2017).

Addis Ababa Childhood cancer Ethiopia Incidence Pattern

Journal

BMC cancer
ISSN: 1471-2407
Titre abrégé: BMC Cancer
Pays: England
ID NLM: 100967800

Informations de publication

Date de publication:
21 Dec 2023
Historique:
received: 08 05 2023
accepted: 15 12 2023
medline: 22 12 2023
pubmed: 22 12 2023
entrez: 22 12 2023
Statut: epublish

Résumé

Cancer is becoming a major public health problem globally and a leading cause of death in children in developed countries. However, little is known about the epidemiology of childhood cancer in Ethiopia. This study, therefore, assessed childhood cancer incidence patterns in Addis Ababa using the Addis Ababa city population-based cancer registry data from 2012 to 2017. Invasive cancer cases diagnosed in ages 0-14 years from 2012 to 2017 were obtained from the Addis Ababa City population-based Cancer Registry. Cases were grouped according to the International Classification of Childhood Cancer, 3rd edition (ICCC-3) based on morphology and primary anatomic site. Age-standardized incidence rates (ASR) were calculated by the direct method using the world standard population. The overall average annual incidence rate during 2012-2017 in children was 84.6 cases per million, with rates higher in boys (98.97 per million) than in girls (69.7 per million). By age, incidence rates per million increased from 70.8 cases in ages 0-4 years to 88.4 cases in ages 5-9 years to 110.0 cases 10-14 years. Leukaemia was the most common childhood cancer in both boys (29.1%) and girls (26.8%), followed by lymphoma in boys (24.7%) and renal tumours (13.1%) in girls. The overall cancer incidence rate decreased from 87.02 per million in 2012 to 51.07 per million in 2017. The burden of childhood cancer is considerably high in Addis Ababa. The observed distribution of childhood cancer in Addis Ababa differs from other African countries. This study highlights the need for further research and understanding of the variations in cancer patterns and risk factors across the region.

Sections du résumé

BACKGROUND BACKGROUND
Cancer is becoming a major public health problem globally and a leading cause of death in children in developed countries. However, little is known about the epidemiology of childhood cancer in Ethiopia. This study, therefore, assessed childhood cancer incidence patterns in Addis Ababa using the Addis Ababa city population-based cancer registry data from 2012 to 2017.
METHODS METHODS
Invasive cancer cases diagnosed in ages 0-14 years from 2012 to 2017 were obtained from the Addis Ababa City population-based Cancer Registry. Cases were grouped according to the International Classification of Childhood Cancer, 3rd edition (ICCC-3) based on morphology and primary anatomic site. Age-standardized incidence rates (ASR) were calculated by the direct method using the world standard population.
RESULTS RESULTS
The overall average annual incidence rate during 2012-2017 in children was 84.6 cases per million, with rates higher in boys (98.97 per million) than in girls (69.7 per million). By age, incidence rates per million increased from 70.8 cases in ages 0-4 years to 88.4 cases in ages 5-9 years to 110.0 cases 10-14 years. Leukaemia was the most common childhood cancer in both boys (29.1%) and girls (26.8%), followed by lymphoma in boys (24.7%) and renal tumours (13.1%) in girls. The overall cancer incidence rate decreased from 87.02 per million in 2012 to 51.07 per million in 2017.
CONCLUSION CONCLUSIONS
The burden of childhood cancer is considerably high in Addis Ababa. The observed distribution of childhood cancer in Addis Ababa differs from other African countries. This study highlights the need for further research and understanding of the variations in cancer patterns and risk factors across the region.

Identifiants

pubmed: 38129792
doi: 10.1186/s12885-023-11765-7
pii: 10.1186/s12885-023-11765-7
doi:

Types de publication

Journal Article

Langues

eng

Sous-ensembles de citation

IM

Pagination

1261

Informations de copyright

© 2023. The Author(s).

Références

Ward ZJ, Yeh JM, Bhakta N, Frazier AL, Atun R. Estimating the total incidence of global childhood cancer: a simulation-based analysis. Lancet Oncol. 2019;20(4):483–93.
doi: 10.1016/S1470-2045(18)30909-4 pubmed: 30824204
Steliarova-Foucher E, Colombet M, Ries LAG, Moreno F, Dolya A, Bray F, Hesseling P, Shin HY. Stiller CA, contributors I-: international incidence of childhood cancer, 2001-10: a population-based registry study. Lancet Oncol. 2017;18(6):719–31.
doi: 10.1016/S1470-2045(17)30186-9 pubmed: 28410997 pmcid: 5461370
The L. Childhood cancer: unequal progress. Lancet. 2019;394(10203):980.
doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(19)32142-7
Magrath I, Steliarova-Foucher E, Epelman S, Ribeiro RC, Harif M, Li CK, Kebudi R, Macfarlane SD, Howard SC. Paediatric cancer in low-income and middle-income countries. Lancet Oncol. 2013;14(3):e104–116.
doi: 10.1016/S1470-2045(13)70008-1 pubmed: 23434340
Farmer P, Frenk J, Knaul FM, Shulman LN, Alleyne G, Armstrong L, Atun R, Blayney D, Chen L, Feachem R, et al. Expansion of cancer care and control in countries of low and middle income: a call to action. Lancet. 2010;376(9747):1186–93.
doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(10)61152-X pubmed: 20709386
Ward ZJ, Yeh JM, Bhakta N, Frazier AL, Girardi F, Atun R. Global childhood cancer survival estimates and priority-setting: a simulation-based analysis. Lancet Oncol. 2019;20(7):972–83.
doi: 10.1016/S1470-2045(19)30273-6 pubmed: 31129029
Addis Ababa City. Cancer Registry, Addis Ababa City Cancer Registry Report, 2014.
Shad A, Challinor J, Cohen M. Paediatric oncology in Ethiopia: an inctr-USA and George Town University Hospital twinning initiative with Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital. Cancer Control. Paediatr Cancers 2013:108–12.
National cancer control. plan 2016–2020. In. Edited by Directorate DPAC. ETHIOPIA: Federal Ministry Of Health Ethiopia; 2015.
Tefera B, Assefa M, Abebe B, Rauch D. Patterns of Cancer in University of Gondar Hospital: North-West Ethiopia. J Oncol Med Pract. 2016;1(2).
Yifru S, Muluye D. Childhood cancer in Gondar University Hospital, Northwest Ethiopia. BMC Res Notes. 2015;8:474.
doi: 10.1186/s13104-015-1440-1 pubmed: 26404043 pmcid: 4582631
Tadesse Y, Gedlu E. Pattern of childhood malignancies in a University referral hospital in Addis Ababa. Ethiop J Pediatr Child Health. 2008;4:27–31.
CSA. Population projections for Ethiopia 2007–2037. Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia, Population Census Commission Addis; 2013.
Martin TA, Ye L, Sanders AJ, Lane J, Jiang WG. Cancer invasion and Metastasis: molecular and cellular perspective. Madame Curie Bioscience database [Internet]. edn.: Landes Bioscience; 2013.
Timotewos G, Solomon A, Mathewos A, Addissie A, Bogale S, Wondemagegnehu T, Aynalem A, Ayalnesh B, Dagnechew H, Bireda W, et al. First data from a population based cancer registry in Ethiopia. Cancer Epidemiol. 2018;53:93–8.
doi: 10.1016/j.canep.2018.01.008 pubmed: 29414637
Memirie ST, Habtemariam MK, Asefa M, Deressa BT, Abayneh G, Tsegaye B, Abraha MW, Ababi G, Jemal A, Rebbeck TR, et al. Estimates of Cancer incidence in Ethiopia in 2015 using Population-based Registry Data. J Glob Oncol. 2018;4(4):1–11.
pubmed: 30241262
Steliarova-Foucher E, Stiller C, Lacour B, Kaatsch P. International classification of Childhood Cancer, third edition. Cancer. 2005;103(7):1457–67.
doi: 10.1002/cncr.20910 pubmed: 15712273
Segi M, Fujisaku S, Kurihara M, Narai Y, Sasajima K. The age-adjusted death rates for Malignant Neoplasms in some selected sites in 23 countries in 1954–1955 and their geographical correlation. Tohoku J Exp Med. 1960;72:91–103.
doi: 10.1620/tjem.72.91 pubmed: 13749685
StataCorp L. StataCorp stata statistical software: Release 14. StataCorp LP: College Station, TX, USA; 2015.
Howard SC, Metzger ML, Wilimas JA, Quintana Y, Pui CH, Robison LL, Ribeiro RC. Childhood cancer epidemiology in low-income countries. Cancer. 2008;112(3):461–72.
doi: 10.1002/cncr.23205 pubmed: 18072274
Stefan DC. Patterns of distribution of childhood cancer in Africa. J Trop Pediatr. 2015;61(3):165–73.
doi: 10.1093/tropej/fmv005 pubmed: 25724211
Stefan C, Bray F, Ferlay J, Liu B, Maxwell Parkin D. Cancer of childhood in sub-saharan Africa. Ecancermedicalscience. 2017;11:755.
doi: 10.3332/ecancer.2017.755 pubmed: 28900468 pmcid: 5574662
Kruger M, Hendricks M, Davidson A, Stefan CD, van Eyssen AL, Uys R, van Zyl A, Hesseling P. Childhood cancer in Africa. Pediatr Blood Cancer. 2014;61(4):587–92.
doi: 10.1002/pbc.24845 pubmed: 24214130
Missaoui N, Khouzemi M, Landolsi H, Jaidene L, Abdelkrim SB, Abdelkader AB, Beizig N, Yaacoubi MT, Hmissa S. Childhood cancer frequency in the center of Tunisia. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev. 2011;12(2):537–42.
pubmed: 21545226
Stefan DC, Baadjes B, Kruger M. Incidence of childhood cancer in Namibia: the need for registries in Africa. Pan Afr Med J. 2014;17(191):191.
pubmed: 25396017 pmcid: 4228996
Chasimpha SJD, Parkin DM, Masamba L, Dzamalala CP. Three-year cancer incidence in Blantyre, Malawi (2008–2010). Int J Cancer. 2017;141(4):694–700.
doi: 10.1002/ijc.30777 pubmed: 28493322 pmcid: 5999322
Wiangnon S, Jetsrisuparb A, Komvilaisak P, Suwanrungruang K. Childhood cancer incidence and survival 1985–2009, Khon Kaen, Thailand. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev. 2014;15(18):7989–93.
doi: 10.7314/APJCP.2014.15.18.7989 pubmed: 25292101
Peris-Bonet R, Salmeron D, Martinez-Beneito MA, Galceran J, Marcos-Gragera R, Felipe S, Gonzalez V. Sanchez De Toledo Codina J, Spanish Childhood Cancer Epidemiology Working G. Childhood cancer incidence and survival in Spain. Ann Oncol. 2010;21(Suppl 3):iii103–110.
doi: 10.1093/annonc/mdq092 pubmed: 20427353
Baade PD, Youlden DR, Valery PC, Hassall T, Ward L, Green AC, Aitken JF. Trends in incidence of childhood cancer in Australia, 1983–2006. Br J Cancer. 2010;102(3):620–6.
doi: 10.1038/sj.bjc.6605503 pubmed: 20051948 pmcid: 2822940
Binesh F, Hashemi A, VakilI M, Shakeri M, Masoumi R. Incidence and Trend of Childhood and adolescent cancers in Yazd, Iran. Iran J Pediatr Hematol Oncol 2015, 16(1).
Wiangnon S, Veerakul G, Nuchprayoon I, Seksarn P, Hongeng S, Krutvecho T, Sripaiboonkij N. Childhood cancer incidence and survival 2003–2005, Thailand: study from the Thai Pediatric Oncology Group. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev. 2011;12(9):2215–20.
pubmed: 22296359
Arora RS, Eden TO, Kapoor G. Epidemiology of childhood cancer in India. Indian J Cancer. 2009;46(4):264–73.
doi: 10.4103/0019-509X.55546 pubmed: 19749456
Erdmann F, Kielkowski D, Schonfeld SJ, Kellett P, Stanulla M, Dickens C, Kaatsch P, Singh E, Schuz J. Childhood cancer incidence patterns by race, sex and age for 2000–2006: a report from the South African National Cancer Registry. Int J Cancer. 2015;136(11):2628–39.
doi: 10.1002/ijc.29308 pubmed: 25363616
Stoeter O, Seraphin TP, Chitsike I, Chokunonga E, Kambugu JB, Wabinga H, Parkin DM, Kantelhardt EJ. Trends in childhood cancer incidence in sub-saharan Africa: results from 25 years of cancer registration in Harare (Zimbabwe) and Kyadondo (Uganda). Int J Cancer. 2021;149(5):1002–12.
doi: 10.1002/ijc.33619 pubmed: 33945631
Park HJ, Moon EK, Yoon JY, Oh CM, Jung KW, Park BK, Shin HY, Won YJ. Incidence and survival of Childhood Cancer in Korea. Cancer Res Treat. 2016;48(3):869–82.
doi: 10.4143/crt.2015.290 pubmed: 26790965 pmcid: 4946351
Society AC. Global Cancer Facts & Fig. 4th Edition, Atlanta. American Cancer Society; 2018.

Auteurs

Amanuel Belay (A)

Centre for Innovative Drug Development and Therapeutic Trials for Africa (CDT- Africa), Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. amanbelays@gmail.com.

Ahmed Ali (A)

School of Public Health, College of Health Sciences, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.

Wondimu Ayele (W)

School of Public Health, College of Health Sciences, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.

Mathewos Assefa (M)

Department of Oncology, School of Medicine, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.

Ahmedin Jemal (A)

American Cancer Society, Atlanta, GA, USA.

Eva J Kantelhardt (EJ)

Department of Gynecology, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany.
Institute of Medical Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Informatics, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany.

Classifications MeSH