Efficacy and safety of adjuvant immunoadsorption in pemphigus vulgaris and pemphigus foliaceus (IA-Pem Study): a multicentre randomised controlled trial.
Journal
The British journal of dermatology
ISSN: 1365-2133
Titre abrégé: Br J Dermatol
Pays: England
ID NLM: 0004041
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
22 Dec 2023
22 Dec 2023
Historique:
received:
31
08
2023
revised:
23
11
2023
accepted:
21
12
2023
medline:
22
12
2023
pubmed:
22
12
2023
entrez:
22
12
2023
Statut:
aheadofprint
Résumé
Pemphigus vulgaris (PV) and pemphigus foliaceus (PF) are potentially life-threatening autoimmune blistering diseases. Treatment is based on long term immunosuppression with high doses of glucocorticosteroids in combination with potentially corticosteroid-sparing agents and/or rituximab. Immunoadsorption (IA) has emerged as fast acting adjuvant treatment option. To assess the clinical efficacy of IA in addition to best medical treatment. Multicentre (26 centres from Germany and Austria) randomised controlled trial in 72 patients with newly diagnosed, relapsed or chronic active PV or PF (34 females, 38 males, aged 42-72 years) comparing best medical treatment (BMT) (prednisolone 1.0 mg/kg/d plus azathioprine or mycophenolate) to adjuvant IA (BMT+IA). Central 1:1 randomization was done at the coordinating centre for clinical trials (KKS) Marburg. The primary endpoint was analyzed using Kaplan-Meier and Cox regression methods. The study was ended prematurely due to safety concerns after random allocation of 72 patients to BMT+IA (n=34) or BMT (n=38). The primary endpoint, time to complete remission on therapy, was not significantly different between the groups (p=0.39; HR 1.35 (95%CI: 0.68-2.69). The cumulative dose of prednisolone was significantly lower in the BMT+IA compared to BMT alone (difference -1,214; 95%CI, -2,225 - -70; p=0.03). In a post hoc analysis, patients with more extensive PV/PF showed a tendency towards a shorter time to remission in the BMT+IA group compared to the BMT group (HR=1.87, p=0.17 in patients with baseline PDAI ≥ 15). While more adverse events were observed in patients of the BMT group (29 vs. 25), severe adverse events were more frequent in patients of the BMT+IA group (17 events in 10 patients vs. 11 events in 8 patients). In this study, adjuvant IA did not show a shorter time to clinical remission but a corticosteroid-sparing effect. In patients with extensive PV/PF, post hoc analysis suggests that adjuvant IA may possibly lead to earlier remission, but potential adverse events must be carefully weighed against the expected benefits.
Sections du résumé
BACKGROUND
BACKGROUND
Pemphigus vulgaris (PV) and pemphigus foliaceus (PF) are potentially life-threatening autoimmune blistering diseases. Treatment is based on long term immunosuppression with high doses of glucocorticosteroids in combination with potentially corticosteroid-sparing agents and/or rituximab. Immunoadsorption (IA) has emerged as fast acting adjuvant treatment option.
OBJECTIVES
OBJECTIVE
To assess the clinical efficacy of IA in addition to best medical treatment.
METHODS
METHODS
Multicentre (26 centres from Germany and Austria) randomised controlled trial in 72 patients with newly diagnosed, relapsed or chronic active PV or PF (34 females, 38 males, aged 42-72 years) comparing best medical treatment (BMT) (prednisolone 1.0 mg/kg/d plus azathioprine or mycophenolate) to adjuvant IA (BMT+IA). Central 1:1 randomization was done at the coordinating centre for clinical trials (KKS) Marburg. The primary endpoint was analyzed using Kaplan-Meier and Cox regression methods.
RESULTS
RESULTS
The study was ended prematurely due to safety concerns after random allocation of 72 patients to BMT+IA (n=34) or BMT (n=38). The primary endpoint, time to complete remission on therapy, was not significantly different between the groups (p=0.39; HR 1.35 (95%CI: 0.68-2.69). The cumulative dose of prednisolone was significantly lower in the BMT+IA compared to BMT alone (difference -1,214; 95%CI, -2,225 - -70; p=0.03). In a post hoc analysis, patients with more extensive PV/PF showed a tendency towards a shorter time to remission in the BMT+IA group compared to the BMT group (HR=1.87, p=0.17 in patients with baseline PDAI ≥ 15). While more adverse events were observed in patients of the BMT group (29 vs. 25), severe adverse events were more frequent in patients of the BMT+IA group (17 events in 10 patients vs. 11 events in 8 patients).
CONCLUSIONS
CONCLUSIONS
In this study, adjuvant IA did not show a shorter time to clinical remission but a corticosteroid-sparing effect. In patients with extensive PV/PF, post hoc analysis suggests that adjuvant IA may possibly lead to earlier remission, but potential adverse events must be carefully weighed against the expected benefits.
Identifiants
pubmed: 38133541
pii: 7491160
doi: 10.1093/bjd/ljad489
pii:
doi:
Types de publication
Journal Article
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Informations de copyright
© The Author(s) 2023. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of British Association of Dermatologists.