Productivity Loss Among Opioid and Benzodiazepine Users in the United States: A Medical Expenditure Panel Survey from 2010-2019.

To estimate the association between productivity losses and the use of prescription opioids and benzodiazepines among employed US adults with painful conditions. Using Medical Expenditures Panel Survey (2010-2019), we employed two-part (logistic regression and generalized linear model with zero-truncated negative binomial link) model to compare missed workdays due to illness or injury among employed adults with a painful condition. Of the eligible sample of 57,413 working US individuals, 14.65% were prescription opioid users, 2.95% were benzodiazepine users, and 1.59% were both opioid and benzodiazepine users. The predicted missed workdays were 5.75 (95%CL:5.58-5.92) days for benzodiazepine users, 13.06 (95%CL:12.88-13.23) days among opioid users, and 15.18 (95%CL:14.46-15.90) days for opioid and benzodiazepine concomitant users. Concomitant use of prescription opioids and benzodiazepines was significantly associated with having more missed workdays among employed adults with documented painful conditions.

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Déclaration de conflit d'intérêts

Conflict of Interest: Dr. Thornton is currently a consultant for the Plaintiff’s Steering Committee for Opioid Litigation and a member of the Texas Opioid Abatement Settlement Council for the State of Texas. Dr. Varisco is a paid consultant for HEALIX Infusion Therapy. All other authors declare no conflicting interest.