Human Endogenous Retroviruses in Diseases.

Antiviral immunity Histone epigenetics Human endogenous retroviruses (HERVs) Therapies Tumor Viral infection

Journal

Sub-cellular biochemistry
ISSN: 0306-0225
Titre abrégé: Subcell Biochem
Pays: United States
ID NLM: 0316571

Informations de publication

Date de publication:
2023
Historique:
medline: 2 1 2024
pubmed: 2 1 2024
entrez: 30 12 2023
Statut: ppublish

Résumé

Human endogenous retroviruses (HERVs), which are conserved sequences of ancient retroviruses, are widely distributed in the human genome. Although most HERVs have been rendered inactive by evolution, some have continued to exhibit important cytological functions. HERVs in the human genome perform dual functions: on the one hand, they are involved in important physiological processes such as placental development and immune regulation; on the other hand, their aberrant expression is closely associated with the pathological processes of several diseases, such as cancers, autoimmune diseases, and viral infections. HERVs can also regulate a variety of host cellular functions, including the expression of protein-coding genes and regulatory elements that have evolved from HERVs. Here, we present recent research on the roles of HERVs in viral infections and cancers, including the dysregulation of HERVs in various viral infections, HERV-induced epigenetic modifications of histones (such as methylation and acetylation), and the potential mechanisms of HERV-mediated antiviral immunity. We also describe therapies to improve the efficacy of vaccines and medications either by directly or indirectly targeting HERVs, depending on the HERV.

Identifiants

DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-40086-5_15 PMID: 38159236
pubmed: 38159236
doi: 10.1007/978-3-031-40086-5_15
doi:

Types de publication

Journal Article

Langues

eng

Sous-ensembles de citation

IM

Pagination

403-439

Informations de copyright

© 2023. The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.

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Auteurs

Tian-Jiao Fan (TJ)

CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Virology & Immunology, Shanghai Institute of Immunity and Infection, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.

Jie Cui (J)

CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Virology & Immunology, Shanghai Institute of Immunity and Infection, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China. jcui@ips.ac.cn.

Classifications MeSH