Insulin resistance in adipocytes: Novel insights into the pathophysiology of metabolic syndrome.

Body mass index Gene expression Lipogenesis Lipolysis Sex

Journal

Clinical nutrition (Edinburgh, Scotland)
ISSN: 1532-1983
Titre abrégé: Clin Nutr
Pays: England
ID NLM: 8309603

Informations de publication

Date de publication:
19 Dec 2023
Historique:
received: 23 08 2023
revised: 27 11 2023
accepted: 17 12 2023
medline: 6 1 2024
pubmed: 6 1 2024
entrez: 5 1 2024
Statut: aheadofprint

Résumé

Insulin resistance in all major target tissues is present in metabolic syndrome (MetS). The resistance in adipocytes is not well described and was presently examined. In this observational study on isolated abdominal white subcutaneous adipocytes from 419 adults, concentration-response effects of insulin on lipolysis inhibition (glycerol release) and lipogenesis stimulation (glucose conversion to total lipids) were determined. Insights into early and late insulin signaling events were obtained through the determination of insulin sensitivity (half maximum effective concentration) and responsiveness (maximum effect), respectively. In a subgroup of 132 subjects, we analyzed the subcutaneous adipose mRNA expression of genes in the canonical insulin signaling pathway using microarray. These results were validated using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction in 74 individuals. While the insulin responsiveness was similar in subjects with or without Mets, the sensitivity to insulin-mediated inhibition of lipolysis and stimulation of lipogenesis was ∼tenfold lower in subjects with MetS (p < 0.0001). When age, sex, adipocyte volume, body mass index and body shape were considered, only the antilipolytic resistance was independently associated with MetS. The mRNA expression of several genes in the canonical insulin signaling pathway were altered in MetS (p < 0.0006 or better) where the mRNA levels of insulin receptor substrate 2 associated with the antilipolytic effect (Rho = 0.34; p = 0.0016). The sensitivities of the antilipolytic and lipogenic effects of insulin are decreased in the MetS but only antilipolysis remains significant after multiple regression analysis. This resistance is localized at initial and receptor-near events in hormone signaling involving insulin receptor substrate 2.

Sections du résumé

BACKGROUND BACKGROUND
Insulin resistance in all major target tissues is present in metabolic syndrome (MetS). The resistance in adipocytes is not well described and was presently examined.
METHODS METHODS
In this observational study on isolated abdominal white subcutaneous adipocytes from 419 adults, concentration-response effects of insulin on lipolysis inhibition (glycerol release) and lipogenesis stimulation (glucose conversion to total lipids) were determined. Insights into early and late insulin signaling events were obtained through the determination of insulin sensitivity (half maximum effective concentration) and responsiveness (maximum effect), respectively. In a subgroup of 132 subjects, we analyzed the subcutaneous adipose mRNA expression of genes in the canonical insulin signaling pathway using microarray. These results were validated using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction in 74 individuals.
RESULTS RESULTS
While the insulin responsiveness was similar in subjects with or without Mets, the sensitivity to insulin-mediated inhibition of lipolysis and stimulation of lipogenesis was ∼tenfold lower in subjects with MetS (p < 0.0001). When age, sex, adipocyte volume, body mass index and body shape were considered, only the antilipolytic resistance was independently associated with MetS. The mRNA expression of several genes in the canonical insulin signaling pathway were altered in MetS (p < 0.0006 or better) where the mRNA levels of insulin receptor substrate 2 associated with the antilipolytic effect (Rho = 0.34; p = 0.0016).
CONCLUSION CONCLUSIONS
The sensitivities of the antilipolytic and lipogenic effects of insulin are decreased in the MetS but only antilipolysis remains significant after multiple regression analysis. This resistance is localized at initial and receptor-near events in hormone signaling involving insulin receptor substrate 2.

Identifiants

pubmed: 38181524
pii: S0261-5614(23)00450-8
doi: 10.1016/j.clnu.2023.12.012
pii:
doi:

Types de publication

Journal Article

Langues

eng

Sous-ensembles de citation

IM

Pagination

468-475

Informations de copyright

Copyright © 2023 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved.

Auteurs

Alastair G Kerr (AG)

Department of Medicine (H7), Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden. Electronic address: alastair.kerr@ki.se.

Daniel P Andersson (DP)

Department of Medicine (H7), Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.

Mikael Rydén (M)

Department of Medicine (H7), Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.

Peter Arner (P)

Department of Medicine (H7), Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.

Classifications MeSH