100 ancient genomes show repeated population turnovers in Neolithic Denmark.
Journal
Nature
ISSN: 1476-4687
Titre abrégé: Nature
Pays: England
ID NLM: 0410462
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
Jan 2024
Jan 2024
Historique:
received:
06
04
2023
accepted:
13
11
2023
medline:
11
1
2024
pubmed:
11
1
2024
entrez:
10
1
2024
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
Major migration events in Holocene Eurasia have been characterized genetically at broad regional scales
Identifiants
pubmed: 38200294
doi: 10.1038/s41586-023-06862-3
pii: 10.1038/s41586-023-06862-3
doi:
Types de publication
Journal Article
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
329-337Informations de copyright
© 2024. The Author(s).
Références
Allentoft, M. E. et al. Population genomics of Bronze Age Eurasia. Nature 522, 167–172 (2015).
pubmed: 26062507
doi: 10.1038/nature14507
Haak, W. et al. Massive migration from the steppe was a source for Indo-European languages in Europe. Nature 522, 207–211 (2015).
pubmed: 25731166
pmcid: 5048219
doi: 10.1038/nature14317
Allentoft, M. E. et al. Population genomics of post-glacial western Eurasia. Nature https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-023-06865-0 (2024).
Posth, C. et al. Palaeogenomics of Upper Palaeolithic to Neolithic European hunter-gatherers. Nature 615, 117–126 (2023).
pubmed: 36859578
pmcid: 9977688
doi: 10.1038/s41586-023-05726-0
Johannsen, N. N., Larson, G., Meltzer, D. J. & Vander Linden, M. A composite window into human history. Science 356, 1118–1120 (2017).
pubmed: 28619897
doi: 10.1126/science.aan0737
Furholt, M. Mobility and social change: understanding the European Neolithic period after the archaeogenetic revolution. J. Archaeol. Res. 29, 481–535 (2021).
doi: 10.1007/s10814-020-09153-x
Kristiansen, K. Archaeology and the Genetic Revolution in European Prehistory (Elements in the Archaeology of Europe) (Cambridge Univ. Press, 2022).
Fischer, A. & Kristiansen, K. The Neolithisation of Denmark. 150 Years of Debate (J. R. Collis, 2002).
Günther, T. et al. Population genomics of Mesolithic Scandinavia: investigating early postglacial migration routes and high-latitude adaptation. PLoS Biol. 16, e2003703 (2018).
pubmed: 29315301
pmcid: 5760011
doi: 10.1371/journal.pbio.2003703
Kashuba, N. et al. Ancient DNA from mastics solidifies connection between material culture and genetics of mesolithic hunter–gatherers in Scandinavia. Commun. Biol. 2, 185 (2019).
pubmed: 31123709
pmcid: 6520363
doi: 10.1038/s42003-019-0399-1
Fischer, A. in The Neolithisation of Denmark—150 years of debate (eds Fischer, A. & Kristiansen, K.) 343–393 (J. R. Collis, 2002).
Price, T. D. Europe’s First Farmers (Cambridge Univ. Press, 2000).
Lipson, M. et al. Parallel palaeogenomic transects reveal complex genetic history of early European farmers. Nature 551, 368–372 (2017).
pubmed: 29144465
pmcid: 5973800
doi: 10.1038/nature24476
Mathieson, I. et al. The genomic history of southeastern Europe. Nature 555, 197–203 (2018).
pubmed: 29466330
pmcid: 6091220
doi: 10.1038/nature25778
Brace, S. et al. Ancient genomes indicate population replacement in Early Neolithic Britain. Nat. Ecol. Evol. 3, 765–771 (2019).
pubmed: 30988490
pmcid: 6520225
doi: 10.1038/s41559-019-0871-9
Midgley, M. TRB Culture: The First Farmers of the North European Plain (Edinburgh Univ. Press, 1992).
Iversen, R. in Tracing the Indo-Europeans: New evidence from Archaeology and Historical Linguistics (eds Olsen, B. A., Olander, T. & Kristiansen, K.) 73–95 (Oxbow, 2019).
Nielsen, S. K. & Johannsen, N. N. Mortuary palisades, single graves, and cultural admixture: the establishment of Corded Ware culture on the Jutland Peninsula. Praehistorische Zeitschrift https://doi.org/10.1515/pz-2023-2022 (2023).
doi: 10.1515/pz-2023-2022
Kristiansen, K. Prehistoric migrations—the case of the Single Grave and Corded Ware Cultures. J. Dan. Archaeol. 8, 211–225 (1991).
doi: 10.1080/0108464X.1989.10590029
Lewis, J. P. et al. Marine resource abundance drove pre-agricultural population increase in Stone Age Scandinavia. Nat. Commun. 11, 2006 (2020).
pubmed: 32332739
pmcid: 7181652
doi: 10.1038/s41467-020-15621-1
Sousa da Mota, B. et al. Imputation of ancient human genomes. Nat. Commun. 14, 3660 (2023).
pubmed: 37339987
pmcid: 10282092
doi: 10.1038/s41467-023-39202-0
Schilling, H. in Mesolithic on the Move (eds Larsson, L. et al.) 351–358 (2003).
Petersen, P. V. Chronological and regional variation in the Late Mesolithic of Eastern Denmark. J. Dan. Archaeol. 3, 7–18 (1984).
doi: 10.1080/0108464X.1984.10589909
Fischer, A. in The Danish Storebælt Since the Ice Age (eds Pedersen, L., Fischer, A. & Aaby, B.) 63–77 (Sea and Forest, 1997).
Sørensen, S. A. The Kongemose Culture (Univ. Press of Southern Denmark, 2017).
Dolbunova, E. et al. The transmission of pottery technology among prehistoric European hunter-gatherers. Nat. Hum. Behav. 7, 171–183 (2023).
pubmed: 36550220
doi: 10.1038/s41562-022-01491-8
Klassen, L. Jade und Kupfer: Untersuchungen zum Neolithisierungsprozess im westlichen Ostseeraum unter besonderer Berücksichtigung der Kulturentwicklung Europas 5500–3500 bc vol. 47 (Aarhus Universitetsforlag, 2004).
Price, T. D. Seeking the First Farmers in Western Sjælland, Denmark: The Archaeology of the Transition to Agriculture in Northern Europe (Oxbow Books, 2022).
Hansen, J. et al. The Maglemosian skeleton from Koelbjerg revisited: Identifying sex and provenance. Dan. J. Archaeol. 6, 55–66 (2017).
Sørensen, M. in Ecology of Early Settlement in Northern Europe: Conditions for Subsistence and Survival. The Early Settlement of Northern Europe Vol. 1 (eds. Persson, P., Riede, F. & Skar, B.) 277–301 (Equinox, 2018).
Piezonka, H. et al. Stone Age pottery chronology in the Northeast European Forest Zone: new AMS and EA-IRMS results on foodcrusts. Radiocarbon 58, 267–289 (2016).
doi: 10.1017/RDC.2016.13
Mathieson, I. et al. Genome-wide patterns of selection in 230 ancient Eurasians. Nature 528, 499–503 (2015).
pubmed: 26595274
pmcid: 4918750
doi: 10.1038/nature16152
Irving-Pease, E. K. et al. The selection landscape and genetic legacy of ancient Eurasians. Nature https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-023-06705-1 (2024).
Fischer, A. et al. Coast-inland mobility and diet in the Danish Mesolithic and Neolithic: evidence from stable isotope values of humans and dogs. J. Archaeol. Sci. 34, 2125–2150 (2007).
doi: 10.1016/j.jas.2007.02.028
Fischer, A. et al. The composition of Mesolithic food—evidence from a submerged settlement on the Argus Bank, Denmark. Acta Archaeol. 78, 163–178 (2007).
doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0390.2007.00104.x
Brinch Petersen, E. Gravene ved Dragsholm. Fra jægere til bønder for 6000 år siden. Nationalmuseets Arbejdsmark 1974, 112–120 (1974).
Price, T. D. et al. New information on the Stone Age graves at Dragsholm, Denmark. Acta Archaeol. 78, 193–219 (2007).
doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0390.2007.00106.x
Sørensen, L. From Hunter to Farmer in Northern Europe. Migration and adaptation during the Neolithic and Bronze Age. Acta Archaeologica Vol. 85 (Wiley–Blackwell, 2014).
Nielsen, P. O. & Nielsen, F. O. S. First Farmers on the Island of Bornholm (The Royal Society of Northern Antiquaries and Univ. Press of Southern Denmark, 2020).
Sjögren, K.-G. & Fischer, A. The chronology of Danish dolmens. Results from
Dehn, T. & Hansen, S. I. Birch bark in Danish passage graves. J. Dan. Archaeol. 14, 23–44 (2006).
doi: 10.1080/0108464X.2006.10590109
Ebbesen, K. Simple, tidligneolitiske grave. Aarbøger for nordisk Oldkyndighed og Historie 1992, 47–102 (1994).
Gron, K. J. & Sørensen, L. Cultural and economic negotiation: a new perspective on the Neolithic Transition of Southern Scandinavia. Antiquity 92, 958–974 (2018).
doi: 10.15184/aqy.2018.71
Chintalapati, M., Patterson, N. & Moorjani, P. The spatiotemporal patterns of major human admixture events during the European Holocene. eLife 11, e77625 (2022).
pubmed: 35635751
pmcid: 9293011
doi: 10.7554/eLife.77625
González-Fortes, G. et al. Paleogenomic evidence for multi-generational mixing between Neolithic farmers and Mesolithic hunter-gatherers in the Lower Danube Basin. Curr. Biol. 27, 1801–1810.e10 (2017).
pubmed: 28552360
pmcid: 5483232
doi: 10.1016/j.cub.2017.05.023
Villalba-Mouco, V. et al. Survival of Late Pleistocene hunter-gatherer ancestry in the Iberian Peninsula. Curr. Biol. 29, 1169–1177.e7 (2019).
pubmed: 30880015
doi: 10.1016/j.cub.2019.02.006
Jensen, T. Z. T. et al. A 5700 year-old human genome and oral microbiome from chewed birch pitch. Nat. Commun. 10, 5520 (2019).
pubmed: 31848342
pmcid: 6917805
doi: 10.1038/s41467-019-13549-9
Olalde, I. et al. Derived immune and ancestral pigmentation alleles in a 7,000-year-old Mesolithic European. Nature 507, 225–228 (2014).
pubmed: 24463515
pmcid: 4269527
doi: 10.1038/nature12960
Cox, S. L., Ruff, C. B., Maier, R. M. & Mathieson, I. Genetic contributions to variation in human stature in prehistoric Europe. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 116, 21484–21492 (2019).
pubmed: 31594846
pmcid: 6815153
doi: 10.1073/pnas.1910606116
Klassen, L. (ed.) The Pitted Ware Culture on Djursland: Supra-regional Significance and Contacts in the Middle Neolithic of Southern Scandinavia (Aarhus Univ. Press, 2020).
Iversen, R., Philippsen, B. & Persson, P. Reconsidering the Pitted Ware chronology. Praehistorische Zeitschrift 96, 44–88 (2021).
doi: 10.1515/pz-2020-0033
Coutinho, A. et al. The Neolithic Pitted Ware culture foragers were culturally but not genetically influenced by the Battle Axe culture herders. Am. J. Phys. Anthropol. 172, 638–649 (2020).
pubmed: 32497286
doi: 10.1002/ajpa.24079
Glob, P. V. Studier over den Jyske Enkeltgravskultur (Gyldendal, 1945).
Müller, J. & Vandkilde, H. in Contrasts of the Nordic Bronze Age. Essays in Honour of Christopher Prescott (eds. Austvoll, K.I., Hem Eriksen, M., Fredriksen, P.D., Melheim, A.L., Prøsch-Danielsen, L., Skogstrand, L.) 29–48 (Brepols, 2020).
Iversen, R. The Transformation of Neolithic Societies. An Eastern Danish Perspective on the 3rd Millennium BC Vol. 88 (Jutland Archaeological Society, 2015).
Damm, C. The Danish Single Grave Culture—ethnic migration or social construction? J. Dan. Archaeol. 10, 199–204 (1991).
doi: 10.1080/0108464X.1991.10590063
Egfjord, A. F.-H. et al. Genomic steppe ancestry in skeletons from the Neolithic Single Grave Culture in Denmark. PLoS ONE 16, e0244872 (2021).
pubmed: 33444387
pmcid: 7808695
doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0244872
Grasgruber, P., Sebera, M., Hrazdíra, E., Cacek, J. & Kalina, T. Major correlates of male height: a study of 105 countries. Econ. Hum. Biol. 21, 172–195 (2016).
pubmed: 26948573
doi: 10.1016/j.ehb.2016.01.005
Papac, L. et al. Dynamic changes in genomic and social structures in third millennium BCE central Europe. Sci. Adv. 7, eabi6941 (2021).
pubmed: 34433570
pmcid: 8386934
doi: 10.1126/sciadv.abi6941
Blank, M. Mobility, Subsistence and Mortuary practices. An Interdisciplinary Study of Neolithic and Early Bronze Age Megalithic Populations of Southwestern Sweden. PhD thesis, Univ. of Gothenburg (2021).
Winther Johannsen, J. Late Neolithic expansion. Dan. J. Archaeol. 12, https://doi.org/10.7146/dja.v12i1.132093 (2023).
Pedersen, C. B. et al. The iPSYCH2012 case–cohort sample: new directions for unravelling genetic and environmental architectures of severe mental disorders. Mol. Psychiatry 23, 6–14 (2017).
pubmed: 28924187
pmcid: 5754466
doi: 10.1038/mp.2017.196
Odgaard, B. V. The Holocene vegetation history of northern West Jutland, Denmark. Nord. J. Bot. 14, 546–546 (1994).
doi: 10.1111/j.1756-1051.1994.tb00649.x
Haak, W. et al. in The Indo-European Puzzle Revisited: Integrating Archaeology, Genetics, and Linguistics (eds Kristiansen, K., Kroonen, G. & Willerslev, E.) 63–80 (2023).
Fischer, A., Gotfredsen, A. B., Meadows, J., Pedersen, L. & Stafford, M. The Rødhals kitchen midden—marine adaptations at the end of the Mesolithic world. J. Archaeol. Sci. 39, 103102 (2021).
Bennike, P. in The Danish Storebælt Since the Ice Age (eds Pedersen, L., Fischer, A. & Aaby, B.) 99–105 (A/S Storebælt Fixed Link, 1997).
Warden, L. et al. Climate induced human demographic and cultural change in northern Europe during the mid-Holocene. Sci Rep. 7, 15251 (2017).
pubmed: 29127307
pmcid: 5681586
doi: 10.1038/s41598-017-14353-5
Krossa, V. R. et al. Regional climate change and the onset of farming in northern Germany and southern Scandinavia. Holocene 27, 1589–1599 (2017).
doi: 10.1177/0959683617702223
Iversen, R. Arrowheads as indicators of interpersonal violence and group identity among the Neolithic Pitted Ware hunters of southwestern Scandinavia. J. Anthropol. Archaeol. 44, 69–86 (2016).
doi: 10.1016/j.jaa.2016.09.004
Lidke, G. Violence in the Single Grave Culture of northern Germany? in Sticks, Stones, and Broken Bones: Neolithic Violence in a European Perspective (eds Schulting, R. J. & Fibiger, L.) 139-150 https://doi.org/10.1093/acprof:osobl/9780199573066.003.0008 (Oxford, 2012).
Schroeder, H. et al. Unraveling ancestry, kinship, and violence in a Late Neolithic mass grave. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 116, 10705–10710 (2019).
pubmed: 31061125
pmcid: 6561172
doi: 10.1073/pnas.1820210116
Rasmussen, S. et al. Early divergent strains of Yersinia pestis in Eurasia 5,000 years ago. Cell 163, 571–582 (2015).
pubmed: 26496604
pmcid: 4644222
doi: 10.1016/j.cell.2015.10.009
Rascovan, N. et al. Emergence and spread of basal lineages of Yersinia pestis during the Neolithic decline. Cell 176, 295–305.e10 (2019).
pubmed: 30528431
doi: 10.1016/j.cell.2018.11.005
Hinz, M. et al. in Neolithic Diversities: Perspectives from a Conference in Lund, Sweden 43–51 (Lund Univ., 2015).
Feeser, I., Dörfler, W., Kneisel, J., Hinz, M. & Dreibrodt, S. Human impact and population dynamics in the Neolithic and Bronze Age: multi-proxy evidence from north-western Central Europe. Holocene 29, 1596–1606 (2019).
doi: 10.1177/0959683619857223
Margaryan, A. et al. Population genomics of the Viking world. Nature 585, 390–396 (2020).
pubmed: 32939067
doi: 10.1038/s41586-020-2688-8
Damgaard, P. B. et al. Improving access to endogenous DNA in ancient bones and teeth. Sci. Rep. 5, 11184 (2015).
pubmed: 26081994
pmcid: 4472031
doi: 10.1038/srep11184
1000 Genomes Project Consortium. A global reference for human genetic variation. Nature 526, 68–74 (2015).
doi: 10.1038/nature15393
Maier, R., Flegontov, P., Flegontova, O., Işıldak, U., Changmai, P. & Reich, D. On the limits of fitting complex models of population history to f-statistics. Elife 12, e85492 (2023).
Browning, B. L. & Browning, S. R. Detecting identity by descent and estimating genotype error rates in sequence data. Am. J. Hum. Genet. 93, 840–851 (2013).
pubmed: 24207118
pmcid: 3824133
doi: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2013.09.014
Appadurai, V. et al. Accuracy of haplotype estimation and whole genome imputation affects complex trait analyses in complex biobanks. Commun. Biol. 6, 101 (2023).
pubmed: 36697501
pmcid: 9876938
doi: 10.1038/s42003-023-04477-y
Purcell, S. et al. PLINK: a tool set for whole-genome association and population-based linkage analyses. Am. J. Hum. Genet. 81, 559–575 (2007).
pubmed: 17701901
pmcid: 1950838
doi: 10.1086/519795
Walsh, S. et al. The HIrisPlex system for simultaneous prediction of hair and eye colour from DNA. Forensic Sci. Int. Genet. 7, 98–115 (2013).
pubmed: 22917817
doi: 10.1016/j.fsigen.2012.07.005
Bycroft, C. et al. The UK Biobank resource with deep phenotyping and genomic data. Nature 562, 203–209 (2018).
pubmed: 30305743
pmcid: 6786975
doi: 10.1038/s41586-018-0579-z
Bronk Ramsey, C. Development of the radiocarbon calibration program OxCal. Radiocarbon 43, 355–363 (2001).
doi: 10.1017/S0033822200038212
Bronk Ramsey, C. Deposition models for chronological records. Q. Sci. Rev. 27, 42–60 (2008).
doi: 10.1016/j.quascirev.2007.01.019
Bronk Ramsey, C. Bayesian analysis of radiocarbon dates. Radiocarbon 51, 337–360 (2009).
doi: 10.1017/S0033822200033865
Bronk Ramsey, C. Dealing with outliers and offsets. Radiocarbon 51, 1023–1045 (2009).
doi: 10.1017/S0033822200034093
Reimer, P., Austin, W. & Bard, E. The IntCal20 Northern Hemisphere radiocarbon age calibration curve (0–55 cal kBP). Radiocarbon 62, 725–757 (2020).
doi: 10.1017/RDC.2020.41
Karlsberg, A. J. Flexible Bayesian Methods for Archaeological Dating. PhD thesis, Univ. Sheffield (2006).
Lee, S. & Ramsey, C. Development and application of the trapezoidal model for archaeological chronologies. Radiocarbon 54, 107–122 (2012).
doi: 10.2458/azu_js_rc.v54i1.12397
Meadows, J. et al. Dietary freshwater reservoir effects and the radiocarbon ages of prehistoric human bones from Zvejnieki, Latvia. J. Archaeol. Sci. 6, 678–689 (2016).
Rose, H. A., Meadows, J. & Bjerregaard, M. High-resolution dating of a medieval multiple grave. Radiocarbon 60, 1547–1559 (2018).
doi: 10.1017/RDC.2018.43
Hedges, R. E. M., Clement, J. G., David, C., Thomas, L. & O’Connell, T. C. Collagen turnover in the adult femoral mid-shaft: modeled from anthropogenic radiocarbon tracer measurements. Am. J. Phys. Anthropol. 133, 808–816 (2007).
pubmed: 17405135
doi: 10.1002/ajpa.20598
Jørkov, M. L. S., Heinemeier, J. & Lynnerup, N. The petrous bone-a new sampling site for identifying early dietary patterns in stable isotopic studies. Am. J. Phys. Anthropol. 138, 199–209 (2009).
pubmed: 18773469
doi: 10.1002/ajpa.20919
Schoeninger, M. J. & Moore, K. Bone stable isotope studies in archaeology. J. World Prehist. 6, 247–296 (1992).
doi: 10.1007/BF00975551
Hedges, R. E. M. & Reynard, L. M. Nitrogen isotopes and the trophic level of humans in archaeology. J. Archaeol. Sci. 34, 1240–1251 (2007).
doi: 10.1016/j.jas.2006.10.015
Reimer, P. et al. Laboratory protocols used for AMS radiocarbon dating at the 14Chrono Centre. English Heritage Research Report Series 5-2015 https://historicengland.org.uk/research/results/reports/6272/TheQueen%E2%80%99sUniversityBelfast_LaboratoryprotocolsusedforAMSradiocarbondatingatthe14CHRONOCentre (2015).
Longin, R. New method of collagen extraction for radiocarbon dating. Nature 230, 241–242 (1971).
pubmed: 4926713
doi: 10.1038/230241a0
Ambrose, S. H. & DeNiro, M. J. The isotopic ecology of East African mammals. Oecologia 69, 395–406 (1986).
pubmed: 28311342
doi: 10.1007/BF00377062
van Klinken, G. J. Bone collagen quality indicators for palaeodietary and radiocarbon measurements. J. Archaeol. Sci. 26, 687–695 (1999).
doi: 10.1006/jasc.1998.0385
Alexander Bentley, R. Strontium isotopes from the earth to the archaeological skeleton: A review. J. Archaeol. Method Theory 13, 135–187 (2006).
doi: 10.1007/s10816-006-9009-x
Frei, K. M. & Price, T. D. Strontium isotopes and human mobility in prehistoric Denmark. Archaeol. Anthropol. Sci. 4, 103–114 (2012).
doi: 10.1007/s12520-011-0087-7
Holt, E., Evans, J. A. & Madgwick, R. Strontium (
doi: 10.1016/j.earscirev.2021.103593
Price, T. D., Burton, J. H. & Bentley, R. A. Characterization of biologically available strontium isotope ratios for the study of prehistoric migration. Archaeometry 44, 117–135 (2002).
doi: 10.1111/1475-4754.00047
Thomsen, E., Andreasen, R. & Rasmussen, T. L. Homogeneous glacial landscapes can have high local variability of strontium isotope signatures: implications for prehistoric migration studies. Front. Ecol. Evol. 8, 588318 (2021).
doi: 10.3389/fevo.2020.588318
Price, T. D., Klassen, L. & Sjögren, K. G. Pitted ware culture: isotopic evidence for contact between Sweden and Denmark across the Kattegat in the Middle Neolithic, ca. 3000 BC. J. Anthropol. Archaeol. 61, 101254 (2021).
doi: 10.1016/j.jaa.2020.101254
Hede, M. U. Holocene Climate and Environmental Changes Recorded in High-resolution Lake Sediments from Højby Sø, Denmark. PhD thesis, Univ. Copenhagen (2008).
Sugita, S. Theory of quantitative reconstruction of vegetation I: pollen from large sites REVEALS regional vegetation composition. Holocene 17, 229–241 (2007).
doi: 10.1177/0959683607075837
Sugita, S. Theory of quantitative reconstruction of vegetation II: all you need is LOVE. Holocene 17, 243–257 (2007).
doi: 10.1177/0959683607075838
Nielsen, A. B. et al. Quantitative reconstructions of changes in regional openness in north-central Europe reveal new insights into old questions. Q. Sci. Rev. 47, 131–147 (2012).
doi: 10.1016/j.quascirev.2012.05.011
Githumbi, E. et al. Pollen-based maps of past regional vegetation cover in Europe over twelve millennia—evaluation and potential. Front. Ecol. Evol. https://doi.org/10.3389/fevo.2022.795794 (2022).
Nielsen, A. B. & Odgaard, B. V. Quantitative landscape dynamics in Denmark through the last three millennia based on the landscape reconstruction algorithm approach. Veg. Hist. Archaeobot. 19, 375–387 (2010).
doi: 10.1007/s00334-010-0249-z
Søe, N. E., Odgaard, B. V., Nielsen, A. B., Olsen, J. & Kristiansen, S. M. Late Holocene landscape development around a Roman Iron Age mass grave, Alken Enge, Denmark. Veg. Hist. Archaeobot. 26, 277–292 (2017).
doi: 10.1007/s00334-016-0591-x
Mazier, F. et al. Testing the effect of site selection and parameter setting on REVEALS-model estimates of plant abundance using the Czech Quaternary Palynological Database. Rev. Palaeobot. Palynol. 187, 38–49 (2012).
doi: 10.1016/j.revpalbo.2012.07.017