Maternal and paternal risk factors for fetal alcohol spectrum disorders: Alcohol and other drug use as proximal influences.
South Africa
alcohol use while breastfeeding
binge drinking
fetal alcohol spectrum disorders
maternal risk for FASD
paternal risk for FASD
prenatal alcohol use
Journal
Alcohol, clinical & experimental research
ISSN: 2993-7175
Titre abrégé: Alcohol Clin Exp Res (Hoboken)
Pays: United States
ID NLM: 9918609780906676
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
Nov 2023
Nov 2023
Historique:
revised:
16
08
2023
received:
03
05
2023
accepted:
11
09
2023
medline:
16
1
2024
pubmed:
16
1
2024
entrez:
16
1
2024
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
To explore and analyze the significance of proximal influences of maternal and paternal traits associated with bearing a child with a fetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD). Aggregated, maternal interview-collected data (N = 2515) concerning alcohol, tobacco, and other drug use were examined to determine risk for FASD from seven cross-sectional samples of mothers of first-grade students who were evaluated for a possible diagnosis of FASD. Mothers of children with fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS) reported the highest alcohol use throughout pregnancy, proportion of binge drinking, drinks per drinking day (DDD), drinking days per week, and total drinks per week. Mothers of children with FAS also consumed significantly more alcohol than mothers of children with partial FAS (PFAS), alcohol-related neurodevelopmental disorder (ARND), or typically developing controls. Mothers of children with PFAS and ARND reported similar drinking patterns, which exposed fetuses to 3-4 times more alcohol than mothers of controls, but the PFAS group was more likely than the ARND group to abstain in latter trimesters. Fathers of all children were predominantly drinkers (70%-85%), but more fathers of children with FASD binged heavily on more days than fathers of controls. Compared to the few mothers of controls who used alcohol during pregnancy, the ARND group binge drank more (3+ DDD) throughout pregnancy and drank more DDD before pregnancy and first trimester. Regression analysis, controlling for tobacco use, indicated that mothers who reported drinking <1 DDD were significantly more likely than abstainers to bear a child with FASD (OR = 2.75) as were those reporting higher levels such as 5-5.9 DDD (OR = 32.99). Exclusive, first-trimester maternal drinking increased risk for FASD five times over that of abstinence (p < 0.001, OR = 5.05, 95% CI: 3.88-6.58), first- and second-trimester drinking by 12.4 times, and drinking all trimesters by 16 times (p < 0.001, OR = 15.69, 95% CI: 11.92-20.64). Paternal drinking during and prior to pregnancy, without adjustment, increased the likelihood of FASD significantly (OR = 1.06 and 1.11, respectively), but the significance of both relationships disappeared when maternal alcohol and tobacco use were controlled. Differences in FASD risk emerged from the examination of multiple proximal variables of maternal alcohol and tobacco use, reflecting increased FASD risk at greater levels of maternal alcohol consumption.
Types de publication
Journal Article
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
2090-2109Subventions
Organisme : NIAAA NIH HHS
ID : U01/R01 AA015134
Pays : United States
Informations de copyright
© 2023 Research Society on Alcohol.
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