Deciphering factors linked with reduced SARS-CoV-2 susceptibility in the Swiss HIV Cohort Study.

HIV PWH SARS-CoV-2 endemic human coronaviruses pre-existing immunity smoking

Journal

The Journal of infectious diseases
ISSN: 1537-6613
Titre abrégé: J Infect Dis
Pays: United States
ID NLM: 0413675

Informations de publication

Date de publication:
16 Jan 2024
Historique:
received: 20 07 2023
revised: 28 12 2023
accepted: 03 01 2024
medline: 16 1 2024
pubmed: 16 1 2024
entrez: 16 1 2024
Statut: aheadofprint

Résumé

Factors influencing susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2 remain to be resolved. Using data of the Swiss HIV Cohort Study (SHCS) on 6,270 people with HIV (PWH) and serologic assessment for SARS-CoV-2 and circulating-human-coronavirus (HCoV) antibodies, we investigated the association of HIV-related and general parameters with SARS-CoV-2 infection. We analyzed SARS-CoV-2 PCR-tests, COVID-19 related hospitalizations, and deaths reported to the SHCS between January 1, 2020 and December 31, 2021. Antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 and HCoVs were determined in pre-pandemic (2019) and pandemic (2020) bio-banked plasma and compared to HIV-negative individuals. We applied logistic regression, conditional logistic regression, and Bayesian multivariate regression to identify determinants of SARS-CoV-2 infection and Ab responses to SARS-CoV-2 in PWH. No HIV-1-related factors were associated with SARS-CoV-2 acquisition. High pre-pandemic HCoV antibodies were associated with a lower risk of subsequent SARS-CoV-2 infection and with higher SARS-CoV-2 antibody responses upon infection. We observed a robust protective effect of smoking on SARS-CoV-2-infection risk (aOR= 0.46 [0.38,0.56], p=2.6*10-14), which occurred even in previous smokers, and was highest for heavy smokers. Our findings of two independent protective factors, smoking and HCoV antibodies, both affecting the respiratory environment, underscore the importance of the local immune milieu in regulating susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2.

Sections du résumé

BACKGROUND BACKGROUND
Factors influencing susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2 remain to be resolved. Using data of the Swiss HIV Cohort Study (SHCS) on 6,270 people with HIV (PWH) and serologic assessment for SARS-CoV-2 and circulating-human-coronavirus (HCoV) antibodies, we investigated the association of HIV-related and general parameters with SARS-CoV-2 infection.
METHODS METHODS
We analyzed SARS-CoV-2 PCR-tests, COVID-19 related hospitalizations, and deaths reported to the SHCS between January 1, 2020 and December 31, 2021. Antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 and HCoVs were determined in pre-pandemic (2019) and pandemic (2020) bio-banked plasma and compared to HIV-negative individuals. We applied logistic regression, conditional logistic regression, and Bayesian multivariate regression to identify determinants of SARS-CoV-2 infection and Ab responses to SARS-CoV-2 in PWH.
RESULTS RESULTS
No HIV-1-related factors were associated with SARS-CoV-2 acquisition. High pre-pandemic HCoV antibodies were associated with a lower risk of subsequent SARS-CoV-2 infection and with higher SARS-CoV-2 antibody responses upon infection. We observed a robust protective effect of smoking on SARS-CoV-2-infection risk (aOR= 0.46 [0.38,0.56], p=2.6*10-14), which occurred even in previous smokers, and was highest for heavy smokers.
CONCLUSIONS CONCLUSIONS
Our findings of two independent protective factors, smoking and HCoV antibodies, both affecting the respiratory environment, underscore the importance of the local immune milieu in regulating susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2.

Identifiants

DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiae002 PMID: 38227786
pubmed: 38227786
pii: 7560421
doi: 10.1093/infdis/jiae002
pii:
doi:

Types de publication

Journal Article

Langues

eng

Sous-ensembles de citation

IM

Investigateurs

I Abela (I)
K Aebi-Popp (K)
A Anagnostopoulos (A)
M Battegay (M)
E Bernasconi (E)
D L Braun (DL)
H C Bucher (HC)
A Calmy (A)
M Cavassini (M)
A Ciuffi (A)
G Dollenmaier (G)
M Egger (M)
L Elzi (L)
J Fehr (J)
J Fellay (J)
H Furrer (H)
C A Fux (CA)
H F Günthard (HF)
A Hachfeld (A)
D Haerry (D)
B Hasse (B)
H H Hirsch (HH)
M Hoffmann (M)
I Hösli (I)
M Huber (M)
D Jackson-Perry (D)
C R Kahlert (CR)
L Kaiser (L)
O Keiser (O)
T Klimkait (T)
R D Kouyos (RD)
H Kovari (H)
K Kusejko (K)
N Labhardt (N)
K Leuzinger (K)
B Martinez de Tejada (BM)
C Marzolini (C)
K J Metzner (KJ)
N Müller (N)
J Nemeth (J)
D Nicca (D)
J Notter (J)
P Paioni (P)
G Pantaleo (G)
M Perreau (M)
A Rauch (A)
L Salazar-Vizcaya (L)
P Schmid (P)
R Speck (R)
M Stöckle (M)
P Tarr (P)
A Trkola (A)
G Wandeler (G)
M Weisser (M)
S Yerly (S)

Informations de copyright

© The Author(s) 2024. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Infectious Diseases Society of America.

Auteurs

Irene A Abela (IA)

Department of Infectious Diseases and Hospital Epidemiology, University Hospital Zurich and University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
Institute of Medical Virology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
ORCID: 0000-0002-5566-8628

Anthony Hauser (A)

Department of Infectious Diseases and Hospital Epidemiology, University Hospital Zurich and University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
Institute of Medical Virology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
ORCID: 0000-0002-7221-1929

Magdalena Schwarzmüller (M)

Institute of Medical Virology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.

Chloé Pasin (C)

Department of Infectious Diseases and Hospital Epidemiology, University Hospital Zurich and University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
Institute of Medical Virology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
Collegium Helveticum, Zurich, Switzerland.

Katharina Kusejko (K)

Department of Infectious Diseases and Hospital Epidemiology, University Hospital Zurich and University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
Institute of Medical Virology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
ORCID: 0000-0002-4638-1940

Selina Epp (S)

Institute of Medical Virology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.

Matthias Cavassini (M)

Division of Infectious Diseases, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland.
ORCID: 0000-0003-0933-7833

Manuel Battegay (M)

Division of Infectious Diseases and Hospital Epidemiology, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.

Andri Rauch (A)

Department of Infectious Diseases, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.

Alexandra Calmy (A)

Laboratory of Virology and Division of Infectious Diseases, Geneva University Hospital, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.
ORCID: 0000-0002-1137-6826

Julia Notter (J)

Division of Infectious Diseases, Cantonal Hospital St. Gallen, St. Gallen, Switzerland.

Enos Bernasconi (E)

Division of Infectious Diseases, Ente Ospedaliero Cantonale Lugano, University of Geneva and University of Southern Switzerland, Lugano, Switzerland.
ORCID: 0000-0002-9724-8373

Christoph A Fux (CA)

Department of Infectious Diseases, Kantonsspital Aarau, Aarau, Switzerland.

Karoline Leuzinger (K)

Clinical Virology, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland.

Matthieu Perreau (M)

Division of Immunology and Allergy, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.

Alban Ramette (A)

Institute for Infectious Diseases, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.

Jochen Gottschalk (J)

Blood Transfusion Service Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.

Eméry Schindler (E)

Blood Transfusion Service Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.

Alexander Wepf (A)

Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Cantonal Hospital Winterthur, Winterthur, Switzerland.

Maddalena Marconato (M)

Department of Medical Oncology and Hematology, University Hospital and University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.

Markus G Manz (MG)

Department of Medical Oncology and Hematology, University Hospital and University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.

Beat M Frey (BM)

Blood Transfusion Service Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.

Dominique L Braun (DL)

Department of Infectious Diseases and Hospital Epidemiology, University Hospital Zurich and University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.

Michael Huber (M)

Institute of Medical Virology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
ORCID: 0000-0002-0384-0000

Huldrych F Günthard (HF)

Department of Infectious Diseases and Hospital Epidemiology, University Hospital Zurich and University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
Institute of Medical Virology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.

Alexandra Trkola (A)

Institute of Medical Virology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
ORCID: 0000-0003-1013-876X

Roger D Kouyos (RD)

Department of Infectious Diseases and Hospital Epidemiology, University Hospital Zurich and University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
Institute of Medical Virology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.

Classifications MeSH