A Photolithographable Electrolyte for Deeply Rechargeable Zn Microbatteries in On-Chip Devices.

Zn batteries are promising candidates for microscale applications due to their impressive compatibility with various microfabrication processes. However, the full potential of Zn batteries has been hampered by dendrite growth and chemical corrosion of the Zn anode, particularly at the microscale. Despite previous attempts in electrolyte engineering, achieving successful patterning of electrolyte microscale devices has remained challenging. Here, we enable successful patterning using photolithography by incorporating caffeine into a UV-crosslinked polyacrylamide hydrogel electrolyte. Caffeine passivates the Zn anode, preventing chemical corrosion, while its coordination with Zn

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