Mucosal antibody response and SARS-CoV-2 shedding in patients with COVID-19 related olfactory dysfunction.
COVID-19
SARS-CoV-2
anosmia
coronavirus
olfactory dysfunction
viral load
Journal
Journal of medical virology
ISSN: 1096-9071
Titre abrégé: J Med Virol
Pays: United States
ID NLM: 7705876
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
Jan 2024
Jan 2024
Historique:
revised:
06
12
2023
received:
19
10
2023
accepted:
02
01
2024
medline:
18
1
2024
pubmed:
18
1
2024
entrez:
18
1
2024
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
Olfactory dysfunction (OD) was one of the most common symptom of infection with the Wuhan strain of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and could persist for several months after symptom onset. The pathogenesis of prolonged OD remains poorly understood but probably involves sustained viral replication associated with limited mucosal immune response to the virus. This prospective study was conducted to investigate the potential relationship between nasal SARS-CoV-2 viral load and antibody levels in patients with loss of smell. One hundred and five patients were recruited 2 weeks after presenting with confirmed coronavirus disease 2019 associated OD. Based on the identification sniffing test performed at enrollment, 52 patients were still anosmic or hyposmic and 53 were normosmic. SARS-CoV-2 was detectable in nasal wash of about 50% of anosmic and normosmic patients. Higher viral load was detected in anosmic patients with lower levels of SARS-CoV-2 specific nasal immunoglobulins (Ig) IgG and IgA. This association was not observed in normosmic patients. No relationship between nasal viral load and antibodies to endemic coronaviruses was observed. SARS-CoV-2 replication in the nasal cavity may be promoted by defective mucosal antibody responses in patients with OD. Boosting mucosal immunity may limit nasal SARS-CoV-2 replication and thereby help in the control of persistent OD.
Types de publication
Journal Article
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
e29398Subventions
Organisme : FRS-FNRS
Organisme : Université libre de Bruxelles
Informations de copyright
© 2024 Wiley Periodicals LLC.
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