[Progress and application of liver organoids in the study of liver cancer].

The incidence rate of liver cancer has been rising in recent years. Traditional cell line culture and human patient-derived tumor xenograft models, which are commonly used tools to simulate the occurrence of human liver cancer, have deepened the understanding of tumor occurrence, development, and drug resistance mechanisms. However, they cannot reflect the accurate state of cancer cells, the tumor microenvironment, or spatial structural characteristics. Recently, more in vitro-produced physiological liver organoids have been applied in the study of liver cancer. Liver organoid models have made breakthroughs in the occurrence and development mechanisms of liver cancer, personalized drug screening and biomarker identification, immunotherapy, and regenerative medicine applications. This paper mainly summarizes the progress and application of liver organoids processed in the study of liver cancer. 肝癌近年来发病率不断上升。传统细胞系培养和人源性肿瘤异种移植模型作为模拟人类肝癌发生的常用工具，加深了对肿瘤发生、发展和耐药机制的认识，但并不能反映癌细胞真实状态、肿瘤微环境以及肝癌的空间结构特征等。近年来，体外环境下建立的更具生理性的肝脏类器官已被应用于肝癌研究。肝脏类器官模型在肝癌的发生、发展机制研究，个性化药物筛选与生物标志物的发现、免疫治疗及再生医学应用等领域中实现了突破性进步。文章主要对肝脏类器官在肝癌研究中的进展及其应用进行综述。.