Evolution of two-pore domain potassium channels and their gene expression in zebrafish embryos.
K2P
TALK
TASK
THIK
TREK
TRESK
TWIK
embryos
evolution
phylogeny
two-pore domain potassium channel
whole-genome duplication (WGD)
zebrafish
Journal
Developmental dynamics : an official publication of the American Association of Anatomists
ISSN: 1097-0177
Titre abrégé: Dev Dyn
Pays: United States
ID NLM: 9201927
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
25 Jan 2024
25 Jan 2024
Historique:
revised:
10
12
2023
received:
27
09
2023
accepted:
03
01
2024
medline:
25
1
2024
pubmed:
25
1
2024
entrez:
25
1
2024
Statut:
aheadofprint
Résumé
The two-pore domain potassium (K2P) channels are a major type of potassium channels that maintain the cell membrane potential by conducting passive potassium leak currents independent of voltage change. They play prominent roles in multiple physiological processes, including neuromodulation, perception of pain, breathing and mood control, and response to volatile anesthetics. Mutations in K2P channels have been linked to many human diseases, such as neuronal and cardiovascular disorders and cancers. Significant progress has been made to understand their protein structures, physiological functions, and pharmacological modifiers. However, their expression and function during embryonic development remain largely unknown. We employed the zebrafish model and identified 23 k2p genes using BLAST search and gene cloning. We first analyzed vertebrate K2P channel evolution by phylogenetic and syntenic analyses. Our data revealed that the six subtypes of the K2P genes have already evolved in invertebrates long before the emergence of vertebrates. Moreover, the vertebrate K2P gene number increased, most likely due to two whole-genome duplications. Furthermore, we examined zebrafish k2p gene expression during early embryogenesis by in situ hybridization. Each subgroup's genes showed similar but distinct gene expression domains with some exceptions. Most of them were expressed in neural tissues consistent with their known function of neural excitability regulation. However, a few k2p genes were expressed temporarily in specific tissues or organs, suggesting that these K2P channels may be needed for embryonic development. Our phylogenetic and developmental analyses of K2P channels shed light on their evolutionary history and potential roles during embryogenesis related to their physiological functions and human channelopathies.
Sections du résumé
BACKGROUND
BACKGROUND
The two-pore domain potassium (K2P) channels are a major type of potassium channels that maintain the cell membrane potential by conducting passive potassium leak currents independent of voltage change. They play prominent roles in multiple physiological processes, including neuromodulation, perception of pain, breathing and mood control, and response to volatile anesthetics. Mutations in K2P channels have been linked to many human diseases, such as neuronal and cardiovascular disorders and cancers. Significant progress has been made to understand their protein structures, physiological functions, and pharmacological modifiers. However, their expression and function during embryonic development remain largely unknown.
RESULTS
RESULTS
We employed the zebrafish model and identified 23 k2p genes using BLAST search and gene cloning. We first analyzed vertebrate K2P channel evolution by phylogenetic and syntenic analyses. Our data revealed that the six subtypes of the K2P genes have already evolved in invertebrates long before the emergence of vertebrates. Moreover, the vertebrate K2P gene number increased, most likely due to two whole-genome duplications. Furthermore, we examined zebrafish k2p gene expression during early embryogenesis by in situ hybridization. Each subgroup's genes showed similar but distinct gene expression domains with some exceptions. Most of them were expressed in neural tissues consistent with their known function of neural excitability regulation. However, a few k2p genes were expressed temporarily in specific tissues or organs, suggesting that these K2P channels may be needed for embryonic development.
CONCLUSIONS
CONCLUSIONS
Our phylogenetic and developmental analyses of K2P channels shed light on their evolutionary history and potential roles during embryogenesis related to their physiological functions and human channelopathies.
Types de publication
Journal Article
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Subventions
Organisme : NIGMS NIH HHS
ID : 2R35GM124913
Pays : United States
Informations de copyright
© 2024 The Authors. Developmental Dynamics published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American Association for Anatomy.
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