Severe and frequent extreme weather events undermine economic adaptation gains of tree-species diversification.
Journal
Scientific reports
ISSN: 2045-2322
Titre abrégé: Sci Rep
Pays: England
ID NLM: 101563288
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
25 Jan 2024
25 Jan 2024
Historique:
received:
06
10
2023
accepted:
16
01
2024
medline:
26
1
2024
pubmed:
26
1
2024
entrez:
25
1
2024
Statut:
epublish
Résumé
Forests and their provision of ecosystem services are endangered by climate change. Tree-species diversification has been identified as a key adaptation strategy to balance economic risks and returns in forest stands. Yet, whether this synergy between ecology and economics persists under large-scale extreme weather events remains unanswered. Our model accounts for both, small-scale disturbances in individual stands and extreme weather events that cause spatio-temporally correlated disturbances in a large number of neighboring stands. It economically optimizes stand-type allocations in a large forest enterprise with multiple planning units. Novel components are: spatially explicit site heterogeneity and a comparison of economic diversification strategies under local and regionally coordinated planning by simplified measures for [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], and [Formula: see text]-diversity of stand types. [Formula: see text]-diversity refers to the number and evenness of stand types in local planning units, [Formula: see text]-diversity to the dissimilarity of the species composition across planning units, and [Formula: see text]-diversity to the number and evenness of stand types in the entire enterprise. Local planning led to stand-type diversification within planning units ([Formula: see text]-diversity), while regionally coordinated planning led to diversification across planning units ([Formula: see text]-diversity). We observed a trend towards homogenization of stand-type composition likely selected under economic objectives with increasing extreme weather events. No diversification strategy fully buffered the adverse economic consequences. This led to fatalistic decisions, i.e., selecting stand types with low investment risks but also low resistance to disturbances. The resulting forest structures indicate potential adverse consequences for other ecosystem services. We conclude that high tree-species diversity may not necessarily buffer economic consequences of extreme weather events. Forest policies reducing forest owners' investment risks are needed to establish stable forests that provide multiple ecosystem services.
Identifiants
pubmed: 38272940
doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-52290-2
pii: 10.1038/s41598-024-52290-2
doi:
Types de publication
Journal Article
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
2140Subventions
Organisme : Bundesministerium f ür Bildung und Forschung (Federal Ministry of Education and Research)
ID : 16LC2021A
Organisme : Academy of Finland (Suomen Akatemia)
ID : 344722
Organisme : Agence Nationale de la Recherche (French National Research Agency)
ID : ANR-20-EBI5-0005-0
Organisme : European Commission (EC)
ID : 101000406
Organisme : Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (German Research Foundation)
ID : 316045089
Organisme : Agence Nationale de la Recherche (French National Research Agency)
ID : ANR-20-EBI5-0005-03
Organisme : Academy of Finland (Suomen Akatemia)
ID : 344722
Organisme : Academy of Finland (Suomen Akatemia)
ID : 16LC2021A
Organisme : Agence Nationale de la Recherche (French National Research Agency)
ID : ANR-20-EBI5-0005-03
Organisme : Academy of Finland (Suomen Akatemia)
ID : 344722
Organisme : Bundesministerium f ür Bildung und Forschung (Federal Ministry of Education and Research)
ID : 16LC2021A
Informations de copyright
© 2024. The Author(s).
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