Local climate modulates the development of soil nematode communities after glacier retreat.
climate change
colonization rates
eDNA metabarcoding
functional diversity
global scale
succession
Journal
Global change biology
ISSN: 1365-2486
Titre abrégé: Glob Chang Biol
Pays: England
ID NLM: 9888746
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
Jan 2024
Jan 2024
Historique:
received:
27
03
2023
accepted:
10
10
2023
medline:
26
1
2024
pubmed:
26
1
2024
entrez:
26
1
2024
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
The worldwide retreat of glaciers is causing a faster than ever increase in ice-free areas that are leading to the emergence of new ecosystems. Understanding the dynamics of these environments is critical to predicting the consequences of climate change on mountains and at high latitudes. Climatic differences between regions of the world could modulate the emergence of biodiversity and functionality after glacier retreat, yet global tests of this hypothesis are lacking. Nematodes are the most abundant soil animals, with keystone roles in ecosystem functioning, but the lack of global-scale studies limits our understanding of how the taxonomic and functional diversity of nematodes changes during the colonization of proglacial landscapes. We used environmental DNA metabarcoding to characterize nematode communities of 48 glacier forelands from five continents. We assessed how different facets of biodiversity change with the age of deglaciated terrains and tested the hypothesis that colonization patterns are different across forelands with different climatic conditions. Nematodes colonized ice-free areas almost immediately. Both taxonomic and functional richness quickly increased over time, but the increase in nematode diversity was modulated by climate, so that colonization started earlier in forelands with mild summer temperatures. Colder forelands initially hosted poor communities, but the colonization rate then accelerated, eventually leveling biodiversity differences between climatic regimes in the long term. Immediately after glacier retreat, communities were dominated by colonizer taxa with short generation time and r-ecological strategy but community composition shifted through time, with increased frequency of more persister taxa with K-ecological strategy. These changes mostly occurred through the addition of new traits instead of their replacement during succession. The effects of local climate on nematode colonization led to heterogeneous but predictable patterns around the world that likely affect soil communities and overall ecosystem development.
Types de publication
Journal Article
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
e17057Subventions
Organisme : H2020 European Research Council
ID : 772284
Organisme : Biodiversa+
Organisme : European Commission
ID : 101052342
Organisme : MUR
Organisme : ANR
Informations de copyright
© 2023 The Authors. Global Change Biology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
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