The methodology of quantitative risk assessment studies.
Dose–response
Environment
Hazard
Health impact
Policy
Risk
Journal
Environmental health : a global access science source
ISSN: 1476-069X
Titre abrégé: Environ Health
Pays: England
ID NLM: 101147645
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
27 Jan 2024
27 Jan 2024
Historique:
received:
23
06
2023
accepted:
05
12
2023
medline:
28
1
2024
pubmed:
28
1
2024
entrez:
27
1
2024
Statut:
epublish
Résumé
Once an external factor has been deemed likely to influence human health and a dose response function is available, an assessment of its health impact or that of policies aimed at influencing this and possibly other factors in a specific population can be obtained through a quantitative risk assessment, or health impact assessment (HIA) study. The health impact is usually expressed as a number of disease cases or disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) attributable to or expected from the exposure or policy. We review the methodology of quantitative risk assessment studies based on human data. The main steps of such studies include definition of counterfactual scenarios related to the exposure or policy, exposure(s) assessment, quantification of risks (usually relying on literature-based dose response functions), possibly economic assessment, followed by uncertainty analyses. We discuss issues and make recommendations relative to the accuracy and geographic scale at which factors are assessed, which can strongly influence the study results. If several factors are considered simultaneously, then correlation, mutual influences and possibly synergy between them should be taken into account. Gaps or issues in the methodology of quantitative risk assessment studies include 1) proposing a formal approach to the quantitative handling of the level of evidence regarding each exposure-health pair (essential to consider emerging factors); 2) contrasting risk assessment based on human dose-response functions with that relying on toxicological data; 3) clarification of terminology of health impact assessment and human-based risk assessment studies, which are actually very similar, and 4) other technical issues related to the simultaneous consideration of several factors, in particular when they are causally linked.
Identifiants
pubmed: 38281011
doi: 10.1186/s12940-023-01039-x
pii: 10.1186/s12940-023-01039-x
doi:
Types de publication
Journal Article
Review
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
13Subventions
Organisme : European Commission
ID : Grant 825417 funded by Horizon Europe research and innovation programme (HERA project)
Organisme : European Commission
ID : Grant 825417 funded by Horizon Europe research and innovation programme (HERA project)
Organisme : European Commission
ID : Grant 825417 funded by Horizon Europe research and innovation programme (HERA project)
Organisme : European Commission
ID : Grant 825417 funded by Horizon Europe research and innovation programme (HERA project)
Organisme : European Commission
ID : Grant 825417 funded by Horizon Europe research and innovation programme (HERA project)
Organisme : European Commission
ID : Grant 825417 funded by Horizon Europe research and innovation programme (HERA project)
Organisme : European Commission
ID : Grant 825417 funded by Horizon Europe research and innovation programme (HERA project)
Informations de copyright
© 2024. The Author(s).
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