GPRC5D as a novel target for the treatment of multiple myeloma: a narrative review.
Journal
Blood cancer journal
ISSN: 2044-5385
Titre abrégé: Blood Cancer J
Pays: United States
ID NLM: 101568469
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
02 Feb 2024
02 Feb 2024
Historique:
received:
02
08
2023
accepted:
05
12
2023
revised:
29
11
2023
medline:
3
2
2024
pubmed:
3
2
2024
entrez:
2
2
2024
Statut:
epublish
Résumé
Multiple myeloma is a genetically complex and heterogenous malignancy with a 5-year survival rate of approximately 60%. Despite advances in therapy, patients experience cycles of remission and relapse, with each successive line of therapy associated with poorer outcomes; therefore, therapies with different mechanisms of action against new myeloma antigens are needed. G protein-coupled receptor class C group 5 member D (GPRC5D) has emerged as a novel therapeutic target for the treatment of multiple myeloma. We review the biology and target validation of GPRC5D, and clinical data from early phase trials of GPRC5D-targeting bispecific antibodies, talquetamab and forimtamig, and chimeric antigen receptor T cell (CAR-T) therapies, MCARH109, OriCAR-017, and BMS-986393. In addition to adverse events (AEs) associated with T-cell-redirection therapies irrespective of target, a consistent pattern of dermatologic and oral AEs has been reported across several trials of GPRC5D-targeting bispecific antibodies, as well as rare cerebellar events with CAR-T therapy. Additional studies are needed to understand the underlying mechanisms involved in the development of skin- and oral-related toxicities. We review the strategies that have been used to manage these GPRC5D-related toxicities. Preliminary efficacy data showed overall response rates for GPRC5D-targeting T-cell-redirecting therapies were ≥64%; most responders achieved a very good partial response or better. Pharmacokinetics/pharmacodynamics showed that these therapies led to cytokine release and T-cell activation. In conclusion, results from early phase trials of GPRC5D-targeting T-cell-redirecting agents have shown promising efficacy and manageable safety profiles, including lower infection rates compared with B-cell maturation antigen- and Fc receptor-like protein 5-targeting bispecific antibodies. Further clinical trials, including those investigating GPRC5D-targeting T-cell-redirecting agents in combination with other anti-myeloma therapies and with different treatment modalities, may help to elucidate the future optimal treatment regimen and sequence for patients with multiple myeloma and improve survival outcomes. Video Summary.
Identifiants
pubmed: 38307865
doi: 10.1038/s41408-023-00966-9
pii: 10.1038/s41408-023-00966-9
doi:
Types de publication
Journal Article
Review
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
24Informations de copyright
© 2024. The Author(s).
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