Reducing agalsidase beta infusion time in Fabry patients: low incidence of antibody formation and infusion-associated reactions in an Italian multicenter study.

Agalsidase beta Anti-drug antibodies Enzyme replacement therapy Fabry disease Infusion time Infusion-associated reactions

Journal

Orphanet journal of rare diseases
ISSN: 1750-1172
Titre abrégé: Orphanet J Rare Dis
Pays: England
ID NLM: 101266602

Informations de publication

Date de publication:
02 Feb 2024
Historique:
received: 15 09 2023
accepted: 19 01 2024
medline: 3 2 2024
pubmed: 3 2 2024
entrez: 2 2 2024
Statut: epublish

Résumé

Fabry disease is a rare progressive X-linked lysosomal storage disease caused by mutations in the GLA gene that encodes α-galactosidase A. Agalsidase beta is a recombinant enzyme replacement therapy authorized in Europe at a standard dose of 1.0 mg/kg intravenously every other week at an initial infusion rate of ≤ 0.25 mg/min until patient tolerance is established, after which the infusion rate may be increased gradually. However, specific practical guidance regarding the progressive reduction in infusion time is lacking. This study investigated a new and specific protocol for reducing agalsidase beta infusion time in which a stable dosage of 15 mg/h is infused for the first four months, and the infusion rate is increased progressively from 15 to 35 mg/h for the subsequent four infusions. The shortest infusion time is reached after six months and maintained thereafter. The incidence of infusion-associated reactions (IARs) and the development of anti-drug antibodies were analyzed, and the disease burden and the clinical evolution of the disease at 12 months were evaluated. Twenty-five of the 31 patients were naïve to enzyme or chaperone treatment at baseline and six patients had been switched from agalsidase alfa. The reduced infusion time protocol was well tolerated. Only one patient exhibited an IAR, with mild symptoms that resolved with low-dose steroids. Six patients globally seroconverted during treatment (4 with a classic phenotype and 2 with late-onset disease). All but three patients were seronegative at month 12. All patients were stable at the study's end (FAbry STabilization indEX value < 20%); reducing infusion time did not negatively impact clinical outcomes in any patient. The perceived medical assessment showed that the quality of life of all patients improved. The study demonstrates that reducing agalsidase beta infusion time is possible and safe from both an immunogenic and clinical point of view. The use of a low infusion rate in the first months when the probability of onset of the development of antibodies is higher contributed to very limited seroconversion to antibody-positive status.

Sections du résumé

BACKGROUND BACKGROUND
Fabry disease is a rare progressive X-linked lysosomal storage disease caused by mutations in the GLA gene that encodes α-galactosidase A. Agalsidase beta is a recombinant enzyme replacement therapy authorized in Europe at a standard dose of 1.0 mg/kg intravenously every other week at an initial infusion rate of ≤ 0.25 mg/min until patient tolerance is established, after which the infusion rate may be increased gradually. However, specific practical guidance regarding the progressive reduction in infusion time is lacking. This study investigated a new and specific protocol for reducing agalsidase beta infusion time in which a stable dosage of 15 mg/h is infused for the first four months, and the infusion rate is increased progressively from 15 to 35 mg/h for the subsequent four infusions. The shortest infusion time is reached after six months and maintained thereafter. The incidence of infusion-associated reactions (IARs) and the development of anti-drug antibodies were analyzed, and the disease burden and the clinical evolution of the disease at 12 months were evaluated.
RESULTS RESULTS
Twenty-five of the 31 patients were naïve to enzyme or chaperone treatment at baseline and six patients had been switched from agalsidase alfa. The reduced infusion time protocol was well tolerated. Only one patient exhibited an IAR, with mild symptoms that resolved with low-dose steroids. Six patients globally seroconverted during treatment (4 with a classic phenotype and 2 with late-onset disease). All but three patients were seronegative at month 12. All patients were stable at the study's end (FAbry STabilization indEX value < 20%); reducing infusion time did not negatively impact clinical outcomes in any patient. The perceived medical assessment showed that the quality of life of all patients improved.
CONCLUSIONS CONCLUSIONS
The study demonstrates that reducing agalsidase beta infusion time is possible and safe from both an immunogenic and clinical point of view. The use of a low infusion rate in the first months when the probability of onset of the development of antibodies is higher contributed to very limited seroconversion to antibody-positive status.

Identifiants

pubmed: 38308295
doi: 10.1186/s13023-024-03049-5
pii: 10.1186/s13023-024-03049-5
doi:

Types de publication

Journal Article

Langues

eng

Sous-ensembles de citation

IM

Pagination

38

Subventions

Organisme : Dialecticon srl, Italy
ID : not applicable

Informations de copyright

© 2024. The Author(s).

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Auteurs

Renzo Mignani (R)

Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplantation, IRCCS S. Orsola Hospital, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy. renzo.mignani2@unibo.it.

Claudio Americo (C)

Nephrology and Dialysis Unit, Pierantoni Hospital, Forlì, Italy.

Filippo Aucella (F)

Nephrology Unit, Ospedale Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, San Giovanni Rotondo, Foggia, Italy.

Yuri Battaglia (Y)

Nephrology and Dialysis Unit, St. Anna University Hospital, Ferrara, Italy.

Vittoria Cianci (V)

Regional Epilepsy Centre, Great Metropolitan Hospital, Reggio Calabria, Italy.

Annamaria Sapuppo (A)

Pediatric Clinic, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy.

Chiara Lanzillo (C)

Division of Cardiology, Policlinico Casilino, Rome, Italy.

Fabio Pennacchiotti (F)

Nephrology Unit, Manduria Hospital, Taranto, Italy.

Luciano Tartaglia (L)

Nephrology Dialysis and Transplantation Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy.

Giacomo Marchi (G)

MetabERN Referral Center for Lysosomal Storage Disorders, Internal Medicine Unit, University of Verona, Verona, Italy.

Federico Pieruzzi (F)

Clinical Nephrology, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano, Bicocca, Italy.
Nephrology and Dialysis Unit, Fondazione IRCCS San Gerardo dei Tintori, Monza, Italy.

Classifications MeSH