Dietary papaya peel extract ameliorates the crowding stress, enhances growth and immunity in Labeo rohita fingerlings.
Body indices
Immunity
Labeo rohita
Metabolic enzymes
Papaya peel extract
Stocking density
Journal
Fish physiology and biochemistry
ISSN: 1573-5168
Titre abrégé: Fish Physiol Biochem
Pays: Netherlands
ID NLM: 100955049
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
17 Feb 2024
17 Feb 2024
Historique:
received:
17
03
2023
accepted:
04
02
2024
medline:
17
2
2024
pubmed:
17
2
2024
entrez:
17
2
2024
Statut:
aheadofprint
Résumé
This study was designed to determine the effects of papaya peel extract (PPE) supplementation on the growth and immunophysiological responses of rohu fingerlings at different stocking densities. In this study, three isonitrogenous (307.2-309.8 g kg
Identifiants
pubmed: 38367083
doi: 10.1007/s10695-024-01317-6
pii: 10.1007/s10695-024-01317-6
doi:
Types de publication
Journal Article
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Informations de copyright
© 2024. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature B.V.
Références
Acar Ü, Kesbiç OS, Yılmaz S, Gültepe N, Türker A (2015) Evaluation of the effects of essential oil extracted from sweet orange peel (Citrus sinensis) on growth rate of tilapia (Oreochromis mossambicus) and possible disease resistance against Streptococcus iniae. Aquaculture 437:282–286. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aquaculture.2014.12.015
doi: 10.1016/j.aquaculture.2014.12.015
Adineh H, Naderi M, Hamidi MK, Harsij M (2019) Biofloc technology improves growth, innate immune responses, oxidative status, and resistance to acute stress in common carp (Cyprinus carpio) under high stocking density. Fish Shellfish Immunol 95440–448. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fsi.2019.10.057
Aich N, Nama S, Biswal A, Paul T (2020) A review on recirculating aquaculture systems: Challenges and opportunities for sustainable aquaculture. Innov Farm 5(1):017–024
Ali W, Fatima M, Shah SZH, Khan N, Naveed S (2023) Black cardamom (Amomum subulatum) extract improves growth potential, antioxidant status, immune parameters and response to crowding stress in Catla catla. J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr 108(1):274–284. https://doi.org/10.1111/jpn.13888
doi: 10.1111/jpn.13888
Al-Salahy MB (2002) Some physiological studies on the effect of onion and garlic juices on the fish. Clarias Lazera Fish Physiol Biochem 27(1):129–142. https://doi.org/10.1023/B:FISH.0000021913.60189.76
doi: 10.1023/B:FISH.0000021913.60189.76
Anatoliotakis N, Deftereos S, Bouras G, Giannopoulos G, Tsounis D, Angelidis C, Kaoukis A, Stefanadis C (2013) Myeloperoxidase: expressing inflammation and oxidative stress in cardiovascular disease. Curr Top Med Chem 13(2):115–138. https://doi.org/10.2174/1568026611313020004
doi: 10.2174/1568026611313020004
pubmed: 23470074
Anwar FM, Jafri AK (2001) The influence of dietary lipids level on growth, feed conversion and carcass composition of fingerling major carp Labeo rohita. In: Aquaculture (Abstract) Aquaculture edition by World Aquaculture Society Lake Buena Vista, FL, USA, p 22
AOAC (Association of Official Analytical Chemists) (1995) Official methods of analysis, 16th edn. AOAC, Washington, DC
Bradford MM (1976) A rapid and sensitive method for the quantitation of microgram quantities of protein utilizing the principle of protein-dye binding Anal. Biochem 72(1–2):248–254. https://doi.org/10.1016/0003-2697(76)90527-3
doi: 10.1016/0003-2697(76)90527-3
Caipang CMA, Mabuhay-Omar J, Gonzales-Plasus MM (2019) Plant and fruit waste products as phytogenic feed additives in aquaculture. Aquaculture, Aquarium, Conservation & Legislation 12(1):261–268
Chandan NK, Kumari R, Siddaiah GM (2020) Role of nutraceuticals in fish feed. CRC Press, In Fish nutrition and its relevance to human health, pp 229–243
Chatterjee N, Pal AK, Das T, Mohammed MS, Sarma K, Venkateshwarlu G, Mukherjee SC (2006) Secondary stress responses in Indian major carps Labeo rohita (Hamilton), Catla catla (Hamilton) and Cirrhinus mrigala (Hamilton) fry to increasing packing densities. Aquac Res 37(5):472–476. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2109.2006.01469.x
doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2109.2006.01469.x
Choi WM, Lam CL, Mo WY, Wong MH (2016) The use of food wastes as feed ingredients for culturing grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idellus) in Hong Kong. Environ Sci Pollut Res 23:7178–7185. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-015-5465-8
doi: 10.1007/s11356-015-5465-8
Chowdhury DK, Sahu NP, Sardar P, Deo AD, Bedekar MK, Singha KP, Maiti MK (2020) Physio-immunological responses of Labeo rohita fingerlings to commonly used phytogenic feed additives: A comparative evaluation. J Environ Biol 41(6):1455–1463. https://doi.org/10.22438/jeb/41/6/MRN-1333
doi: 10.22438/jeb/41/6/MRN-1333
Citarasu T (2010) Herbal biomedicines: a new opportunity for aquaculture industry. Aquac Int 18(3):403–414
doi: 10.1007/s10499-009-9253-7
Das A, Biswas SP (2020) The effect of ripe papaya, Carica papaya, as natural carotenoids meal on body pigmentation and growth performance in banded gourami Trichogaster fasciata. Int J Aquat Biol 8(2):83–90. https://doi.org/10.22034/ijab.v8i2.782
doi: 10.22034/ijab.v8i2.782
Das KM, Tripath D (1991) Studies on the digestive enzymes of grass carp, Ctenopharyngodon idella (Val.). Aquaculture 92:21–32. https://doi.org/10.1016/0044-8486(91)90005-R
doi: 10.1016/0044-8486(91)90005-R
Deka A, Sahu NP, Jain KK (2003) Utilization of fruit processing wastes in the diet of Labeo rohita fingerling. Asian-Australas J Anim Sci 16(11):1661–1665. https://doi.org/10.5713/ajas.2003.1661
doi: 10.5713/ajas.2003.1661
Demeal NA (1978) Some characteristics of carbohydrate metabolism in fish. Oceanis. DOC Oceanography 4:35–365
Doumas BT, Watson WA, Biggs HG (1971) Albumin standards and the measurement of serum albumin with bromcresol green. Clin Chim Acta 31(1):87–96. https://doi.org/10.1016/0009-8981(71)90365-2
doi: 10.1016/0009-8981(71)90365-2
pubmed: 5544065
FAO (2022) The State of World Fisheries and Aquaculture 2022 Towards Blue Transformation. Rome, FAO. https://doi.org/10.4060/cc0461en
doi: 10.4060/cc0461en
Fawole FJ, Sahu NP, Pal AK, Lakra WS (2013) Evaluation of antioxidant and antimicrobial properties of selected Indian medicinal plants. Int J Med Arom Plants 3(1):69–77
Fawole FJ, Sahu NP, Pal AK, Ravindran A (2016) Haemato-immunological response of Labeo rohita (Hamilton) fingerlings fed leaf extracts and challenged by Aeromonas hydrophila. Aquac Res 47(12):3788–3799. https://doi.org/10.1111/are.12829
doi: 10.1111/are.12829
Goda AMA, Mabrouk HAHH, Wafa MAEH, El-Afifi TM (2012) Effect of using baker’s yeast and exogenous digestive enzymes as growth promoters on growth, feed utilization and hematological indices of Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus fingerlings. J Agric Sci Technol 2(1):150–206
Gora AH, Sahu NP, Sahoo S, Rehman S, Ahmad I, Agarwal D, Dar SA, Rasool SI (2018) Metabolic and haematological responses of Labeo rohita to dietary fucoidan. J Appl Anim Res 46(1):1042–1050. https://doi.org/10.1080/09712119.2018.1456442
doi: 10.1080/09712119.2018.1456442
Halver JE (1976) Formulating practical diets for fish. J Fish Res Board Can 33(4):1032–1039. https://doi.org/10.1139/f76-131
doi: 10.1139/f76-131
Hamid NKA, Somdare PO, Harashid KAM, Othman NA, Kari ZA, Wei LS, Dawood MA (2022) Effect of papaya (Carica papaya) leaf extract as dietary growth promoter supplement in red hybrid tilapia (Oreochromis mossambicus × Oreochromis niloticus) diet. Saudi J Biol Sci 29(5):3911–3917. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sjbs.2022.03.004
doi: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2022.03.004
pubmed: 35844420
pmcid: 9280224
Harikrishnan R, Thamizharasan S, Devi G, Van Doan H, Kumar TTA, Hoseinifar SH, Balasundaram C (2020) Dried lemon peel enriched diet improves antioxidant activity, immune response and modulates immuno-antioxidant genes in Labeo rohita against Aeromonas sorbia. Fish Shellfish Immunol 106:675–684. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fsi.2020.07.040
doi: 10.1016/j.fsi.2020.07.040
pubmed: 32858188
Kadiri O, Olawoye B, Fawale OS, Adalumo OA (2016) Nutraceutical and antioxidant properties of the seeds, leaves and fruits of Carica papaya: Potential relevance to humans’ diet, the food industry, and the pharmaceutical industry-a review. Turkish JAF Sci Tech 4(12):1039–1052. https://doi.org/10.24925/turjaf.v4i12.1039-1052.569
doi: 10.24925/turjaf.v4i12.1039-1052.569
Kamaruzzaman M, Chowdhury SD, Podder CK, Pramanik MAH (2005) Dried papaya skin as a dietary ingredient for broiler chickens. Br Poult Sci 46(3):390–393. https://doi.org/10.1080/00071660500126631
doi: 10.1080/00071660500126631
pubmed: 16050195
Kaur N, Kumar R, Kamilya D (2018) Modulation of systemic and mucosal immune responses of Catla catla (Hamilton, 1822) experimentally challenged with gill monogeneans. Fish Shellfish Immunol 74:567–572. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fsi.2018.01.026
doi: 10.1016/j.fsi.2018.01.026
pubmed: 29367004
Khan T, Fatima M, Shah SZH, Khan N, Ali W, Sabir A, Tahir I, Laraib D (2023) Quercetin supplementation in the diet of Labeo rohita: Effects on growth, proximate composition, antioxidative indices and immunity. Anim Feed Sci Technol 303:115699. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2023.115699
doi: 10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2023.115699
Khati A, Danish M, Mehta KS (2015) Estimation of growth parameters in fingerlings of Labeo rohita (Hamilton, 1822) fed with exogenous nutrizyme in Tarai region of Uttarakhand. India Afr J Agric Res 10(30):3000–3007. https://doi.org/10.5897/AJAR2015.9729
doi: 10.5897/AJAR2015.9729
Knox WE, Greengard O (1965) The regulation of some enzymes of nitrogen metabolism an introduction to enzyme physiology. Adv Enzyme Regul 3:247–313. https://doi.org/10.1016/0065-2571(67)90028-3
doi: 10.1016/0065-2571(67)90028-3
Leya T, Raman RP, Srivastava PP, Kumar K, Ahmad I, Gora AH, Poojary N, Kumar S, Dar SA (2017) Effects of curcumin supplemented diet on growth and non-specific immune parameters of Cirrhinus mrigala against Edwardsiella tarda infection. Int J Curr Microbiol Appl Sci 6(9):1230–1243. https://doi.org/10.20546/ijcmas.2017.609.149
doi: 10.20546/ijcmas.2017.609.149
Livak KJ, Schmittgen TD (2001) Analysis of relative gene expression data using realtime quantitative PCR and the 2
Madhuri S, Mandloi AK, Govind P, Sahni YP (2012) Antimicrobial activity of some medicinal plants against fish pathogens. Int Res J Pharm 3(4):28–30
Mansour AT, Diab AM, Khalil RH, Eldessouki EA, El-Sabbagh N, Elsamannoudy SI, Younis NA (2023) Physiological and immunological responses of Nile tilapia fed dietary supplementation of sweet basil ethanolic and aqueous extracts. Front Mar Sci 9:1064455. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2022.1064455
doi: 10.3389/fmars.2022.1064455
Mo WY, Man YB, Wong MH (2018) Use of food waste, fish waste and food processing waste for China’s aquaculture industry: Needs and challenge. Sci Total Environ 613:635–643. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.08.321
doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.08.321
pubmed: 28934685
Nazeemashahul S, Sahu NP, Sardar P, Fawole FJ (2021) Effects of nutraceutical conglomerate on growth and antioxidant status of Labeo rohita fingerlings. Anim Feed Sci Technol 280:115045. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2021.115045
doi: 10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2021.115045
Ochoa S (1995) Malic dehydrogenase from pig heart: Ln: Meth Enzymol. Academic Press, New York and London, pp 735–739
Onxayvieng K, Piria M, Fuka MM, Gavrilovic A, Liang X, Liu L, Tang R, Li L, Li D (2021) High stocking density alters growth performance, blood biochemical profiles, and hepatic antioxidative capacity in gibel carp (Carassius gibelio). Fish Physiol Biochem 47(2):203–212. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10695-020-00905-6
doi: 10.1007/s10695-020-00905-6
pubmed: 33405063
Osorio LLDR, Florez-Lopez E, Grande-Tovar CD (2021) The potential of selected agri-food loss and waste to contribute to a circular economy: Applications in the food, cosmetic and pharmaceutical industries. Molecules 26(2):515–534. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules26020515
doi: 10.3390/molecules26020515
pubmed: 33478152
pmcid: 7835992
Papastergiadis A, Mubiru E, Van Langenhove H, De Meulenaer B (2012) Malonaldehyde measurement in oxidized foods: evaluation of the spectrophotometric thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) test in various foods. J Agric Food Chem 60(38):9589–9594. https://doi.org/10.1021/jf302451c
doi: 10.1021/jf302451c
pubmed: 22950760
Pathak PD, Mandavgane SA, Kulkarni BD (2019) Waste to wealth: a case study of papaya peel. Waste Biomass Valori 10(6):1755–1766. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12649-017-0181-x
doi: 10.1007/s12649-017-0181-x
Pathak PD, Mandavgane SA, Kulkarni BD (2017) Fruit peel waste: characterization and its potential uses. Curr Sci 113(3):444–454. http://www.jstor.org/stable/26294001 . Accessed 10 Dec 2021
Poli MA, Martins MA, Pereira SA, Jesus GFA, Martins ML, Mourino JLP, do Nascimento Vieira F (2021) Increasing stocking densities affect hemato-immunological parameters of Nile tilapia reared in an integrated system with Pacific white shrimp using biofloc technology. Aquaculture 536:736497. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aquaculture.2021.736497
doi: 10.1016/j.aquaculture.2021.736497
Rashidian G, Bolaji JT, Rainis S, Prokić MD, Faggio C (2021) Oregano (Origanum vulgare) extract enhances zebrafish (Danio rerio) growth performance, serum and mucus innate immune responses and resistance against Aeromonas hydrophila challenge. Animals 11(2):299. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani11020299
doi: 10.3390/ani11020299
pubmed: 33503883
pmcid: 7912135
Reda RM, Helmy RM, Osman A, Ahmed FAG, Kotb GA, El-Fattah AHA (2023) The potential effect of Moringa oleifera ethanolic leaf extract against oxidative stress, immune response disruption induced by abamectin exposure in Oreochromis niloticus. Environ Sci Pollut Res 30(20):58569–58587. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-023-26517-0
doi: 10.1007/s11356-023-26517-0
Reinhold JG (1953) Determination of serum total proteins by the Biuret method. Standard Method of Clinical Chemistry, (ed. by M. Reiner) Academic Press, New York:88. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-609101-4.50019-8
Sadhu N, Sharma SR, Joseph S, Dube P, Philipose KK (2014) Chronic stress due to high stocking density in open sea cage farming induces variation in biochemical and immunological functions in Asian seabass (Lates calcarifer, Bloch). Fish Physiol Biochem 40(4):1105–1113. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10695-014-9909-8
doi: 10.1007/s10695-014-9909-8
pubmed: 24482095
Santos L, Ramos F (2018) Antimicrobial resistance in aquaculture: Current knowledge and alternatives to tackle the problem. Int J Antimicrob Agents 52(2):135–143. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2018.03.010
doi: 10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2018.03.010
pubmed: 29567094
Schar D, Zhao C, Wang Y, Larsson DJ, Gilbert M, Van Boeckel TP (2021) Twenty-year trends in antimicrobial resistance from aquaculture and fisheries in Asia. Nat Commun 12(1):5384. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-021-25655-8
doi: 10.1038/s41467-021-25655-8
pubmed: 34508079
pmcid: 8433129
Secombes CA, Chappell LH (1996) Fish immune responses to experimental and natural infection with helminth parasites. Annu Rev Fish Dis 6:167–177. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0959-8030(96)90012-5
doi: 10.1016/S0959-8030(96)90012-5
Shaluei F, Nematollahi A, Naderi-Farsani HR, Rahimi R, Kaboutari Katadj J (2017) Effect of ethanolic extract of Zingiber officinale on growth performance and mucosal immune responses in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Aquac Nutr 23(4):814–821. https://doi.org/10.1111/anu.12448
doi: 10.1111/anu.12448
Siwicki AK, Anderson DP (1994) Immunoglobulin levels in fish sera measured by polyethylene glycol and spectrophotometric methods in microtiter plates. In: Stolen JS, Fletcher TC, Anderson DP, Kaattari SL, Rowley AF (eds) Techniques in fish immunology, 3rd edn. Vet Immunol Immunopathol pp 105–111
Siwicki AK, Anderson DP, Rumsey GL (1994) Dietary intake of immunostimulants by rainbow trout affects non-specific immunity and protection against furunculosis. Vet Immunol Immunopathol 41(1–2):125–139. https://doi.org/10.1016/0165-2427(94)90062-0
doi: 10.1016/0165-2427(94)90062-0
pubmed: 8066989
Stasiak SA, Baumann PC (1996) Neutrophil activity as a potential bioindicator for contaminant analysis. Fish Shellfish Immunol 6(7):537–539. https://doi.org/10.1006/fsim.1996.0050
doi: 10.1006/fsim.1996.0050
Statista (2022) Production volume of papaya in India from financial year 2015 to 2022, with an estimate for 2022. https://www.statista.com/statistics/1038954/india-production-of-papaya/ (assessed on 25 Feb 2023)
Swain HS, Das BK, Upadhyay A, Ramteke MH, Kumar V, Meena DK, Sarkar UK, Chadha NK, Rawat KD (2021) Multifarious Biomarker Approach Elucidate Stocking Density Mediated Stress, Modulates Growth Attributes in Cage Reared Rohu, Labeo rohita (Hamilton). Sci Rep 12(1):1–14. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-13570-x
doi: 10.1038/s41598-022-13570-x
Swamy JM, Hanumappa SM, Rathore SS (2022) Supplementation of dietary L-threonine in rohu (Labeo rohita): Effects of stocking density on nutritional physiology, immune response, antioxidant system and disease resistance against Aeromonas hydrophila. Aquac Res 53(11):4155–4167. https://doi.org/10.1111/are.15917
doi: 10.1111/are.15917
Tahmasebi-Kohyani A, Keyvanshokooh S, Nematollahi A, Mahmoudi N, Pasha-Zanoosi H (2012) Effects of dietary nucleotides supplementation on rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) performance and acute stress response. Fish Physiol Biochem 38(2):431–440. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10695-011-9524-x
doi: 10.1007/s10695-011-9524-x
pubmed: 21671024
Tan XH, Sun ZZ, Ye CX (2020) Dietary Ginkgo biloba leaf extracts supplementation improved immunity and intestinal morphology, antioxidant ability and tight junction proteins mRNA expression of hybrid groupers Epinephelus lanceolatus ♂ × Epinephelus fuscoguttatus ♀) fed high lipid diets. Fish Shellfish Immunol 98(3):611–618. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fsi.2019.09.034
doi: 10.1016/j.fsi.2019.09.034
pubmed: 31533081
Tejpal CS, Pal AK, Sahu NP, Kumar JA, Muthappa NA, Vidya S, Rajan MG (2009) Dietary supplementation of L-tryptophan mitigates crowding stress and augments the growth in Cirrhinus mrigala fingerlings. Aquaculture 293(3–4):272–277. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aquaculture.2008.09.014
doi: 10.1016/j.aquaculture.2008.09.014
Trichet VV (2010) Nutrition and immunity: an update. Aquac Res 41(3):356–372. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2109.2009.02374.x
doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2109.2009.02374.x
Trinder P (1969) Determination of blood glucose using an oxidase-peroxidase system with a non-carcinogenic chromogen. J Clin Pathol 22(2):158–161. https://doi.org/10.1136/jcp.22.2.158
doi: 10.1136/jcp.22.2.158
pubmed: 5776547
pmcid: 474026
United Nations (2019) Department of economic and social affairs, population division. World Population Prospects 2019:24–36. https://population.un.org/wpp/publications/files/wpp2019_highlights.pdf . Accessed 12 Jan 2022
Verdegem M, Buschmann AH, Latt UW, Dalsgaard AJ, Lovatelli A (2023) The contribution of aquaculture systems to global aquaculture production. J World Aquac Soc 54(2):206–250. https://doi.org/10.1111/jwas.12963
doi: 10.1111/jwas.12963
Wang JL, Meng XL, Lu RH, Wu C, Luo YT, Yan X, Li XJ, Kong XH, Nie GX (2015) Effects of Rehmannia glutinosa on growth performance, immunological parameters and disease resistance to Aeromonas hydrophila in common carp (Cyprinus carpio L.). Aquaculture 435:293–300. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aquaculture.2014.10.004
doi: 10.1016/j.aquaculture.2014.10.004
Wangkahart E, Wachiraamonloed S, Lee PT, Subramani PA, Qi Z, Wang B (2022) Impacts of Aegle marmelos fruit extract as a medicinal herb on growth performance, antioxidant and immune responses, digestive enzymes, and disease resistance against Streptococcus agalactiae in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). Fish Shellfish Immunol 120:402–410. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fsi.2021.11.015
doi: 10.1016/j.fsi.2021.11.015
pubmed: 34843944
Wootton IDP (1964) Microanalysis in medical biochemistry, 101-107, 4th edn. Churchill Ltd., London, UK
Wroblewski F, Ladue JS (1955) Lactic dehydrogenase activity in blood. Proc Soc Exp Biol Med 90:210–213. https://doi.org/10.3181/00379727-90-21985
doi: 10.3181/00379727-90-21985
pubmed: 13273400
Xu X, Liu A, Hu S, Ares I, Martínez-Larrañaga MR, Wang X, Martínez M, Anadón A, Martínez MA (2021) Synthetic phenolic antioxidants: Metabolism, hazards and mechanism of action. Food Chem 353:129488. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2021.129488
doi: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2021.129488
pubmed: 33714793
Yagi K (1984) Assay for blood plasma or serum. Meth. Enzymol. Academic Press, New York 105:328–331. https://doi.org/10.1016/s006-6879(84)05042-4
doi: 10.1016/s006-6879(84)05042-4
Yang Q, Yang R, Li M, Zhou Q, Liang X, Elmada ZC (2014) Effects of dietary fucoidan on the blood constituents, anti-oxidation and innate immunity of juvenile yellow catfish (Pelteobagrus fulvidraco). Fish Shellfish Immunol 41(2):264–270. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fsi.2014.09.003
doi: 10.1016/j.fsi.2014.09.003
pubmed: 25234038
Yarahmadi P, Miandare HK, Fayaz S, Caipang CMA (2016) Increased stocking density causes changes in expression of selected stress-and immune-related genes, humoral innate immune parameters and stress responses of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Fish Shellfish Immunol 48:43–53. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fsi.2015.11.007
doi: 10.1016/j.fsi.2015.11.007
pubmed: 26549176
Zhang X, Sun Z, Wang Y, Cao Y, Wang G, Cao F (2022) Enhancement of growth, antioxidative status, nonspecific immunity, and disease resistance in gibel carp (Carassius auratus) in response to dietary Flos populi extract. Fish Physiol Biochem 1–17. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10695-021-00992-z\