Application of Transcranial Sonography for the Assessment of Brain Midline Shift in Patients Presenting With Suspected Intracranial Pathology to the Emergency Department of a Tertiary Care Hospital in Central Gujarat, India.

brain midline shift brain sonography emergency department emergency medicine pocus tcs transcranial sonography

Journal

Cureus
ISSN: 2168-8184
Titre abrégé: Cureus
Pays: United States
ID NLM: 101596737

Informations de publication

Date de publication:
Jan 2024
Historique:
accepted: 19 01 2024
medline: 19 2 2024
pubmed: 19 2 2024
entrez: 19 2 2024
Statut: epublish

Résumé

A shift in midline brain structure indicates raised intracranial pressure (ICP), thereby a sign of compromised perfusion to brain tissues or a mass effect. Early diagnosis can help in planning timely neurosurgical interventions that could prevent further neuron loss. Also, this may aid in neuroprognostication. The objectives of the study were to find the accuracy of bedside assessment of brain midline shift (MLS) using transcranial sonography (TCS) in comparison to a computed tomography (CT) scan of the brain for patients presenting with suspected intracranial pathology to the emergency department (ED). This prospective observational study was carried out for one year in an ED. A total of 124 patients with suspected intracranial pathology were included in the study. Transtemporal scanning along the orbitomeatal line was performed to image the third ventricle. The distance between the third ventricle and the internal side of the temporal bone was measured on both sides as A and B. The MLS was then calculated using the following formula: midline shift = (A-B)/2. The data were entered and analyzed using a Microsoft Excel worksheet (Microsoft Corp., Redmond, WA). Out of the total 124 patients enrolled in this study, adequate views for 12 patients were not obtained and, hence, they were excluded from the study. The time to perform a TCS assessment of brain MLS was around 22 minutes (range: 15-30 minutes). In our study, out of 112 analyzed patients, 33 (29.5% of our study) had a significant MLS in the brain (defined by an MLS of more than 5 mm) diagnosed by TCS. Analyzing CT brain results revealed that out of the total 112 patients under study, 27 had a significant brain MLS (24.1% of the total population under study) as defined above. A TCS is a promising alternative to a brain CT in an emergency for brain MLS detection.

Sections du résumé

BACKGROUND BACKGROUND
A shift in midline brain structure indicates raised intracranial pressure (ICP), thereby a sign of compromised perfusion to brain tissues or a mass effect. Early diagnosis can help in planning timely neurosurgical interventions that could prevent further neuron loss. Also, this may aid in neuroprognostication.
OBJECTIVES OBJECTIVE
The objectives of the study were to find the accuracy of bedside assessment of brain midline shift (MLS) using transcranial sonography (TCS) in comparison to a computed tomography (CT) scan of the brain for patients presenting with suspected intracranial pathology to the emergency department (ED).
METHODS METHODS
This prospective observational study was carried out for one year in an ED. A total of 124 patients with suspected intracranial pathology were included in the study. Transtemporal scanning along the orbitomeatal line was performed to image the third ventricle. The distance between the third ventricle and the internal side of the temporal bone was measured on both sides as A and B. The MLS was then calculated using the following formula: midline shift = (A-B)/2. The data were entered and analyzed using a Microsoft Excel worksheet (Microsoft Corp., Redmond, WA).
RESULTS RESULTS
Out of the total 124 patients enrolled in this study, adequate views for 12 patients were not obtained and, hence, they were excluded from the study. The time to perform a TCS assessment of brain MLS was around 22 minutes (range: 15-30 minutes). In our study, out of 112 analyzed patients, 33 (29.5% of our study) had a significant MLS in the brain (defined by an MLS of more than 5 mm) diagnosed by TCS. Analyzing CT brain results revealed that out of the total 112 patients under study, 27 had a significant brain MLS (24.1% of the total population under study) as defined above.
CONCLUSION CONCLUSIONS
A TCS is a promising alternative to a brain CT in an emergency for brain MLS detection.

Identifiants

pubmed: 38371119
doi: 10.7759/cureus.52561
pmc: PMC10874591
doi:

Types de publication

Journal Article

Langues

eng

Pagination

e52561

Informations de copyright

Copyright © 2024, Gupta et al.

Déclaration de conflit d'intérêts

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Auteurs

Himanshu Gupta (H)

Emergency Medicine, Jaipur National University Institute for Medical Sciences & Research Centre, Jaipur, IND.

Shreyas K Patel (SK)

Emergency Medicine, Parul Institute of Medical Science & Research, Parul University, Vadodara, IND.

Atul I Bhoraniya (AI)

Emergency Medicine, Gujarat Medical Education & Research Society Medical College, Morbi, IND.

Nimesh B Malaviya (NB)

Emergency Medicine, Parul Institute of Medical Sciences & Research, Parul University, Vadodara, IND.

Rina Parikh (R)

Emergency Medicine, Sir Sayajirao General (SSG) Hospital & Medical College, Vadodara, IND.

Krunalkumar Pancholi (K)

Emergency Medicine, Sir Sayajirao General (SSG) Hospital & Medical College, Vadodara, IND.

Classifications MeSH