The association between obesity severity and food reward in adolescents with obesity: a one-stage individual participant data meta-analysis.
Adolescent
Body composition
Food preference
Morbid obesity
Obesity
Reward
Journal
European journal of nutrition
ISSN: 1436-6215
Titre abrégé: Eur J Nutr
Pays: Germany
ID NLM: 100888704
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
20 Feb 2024
20 Feb 2024
Historique:
received:
10
10
2023
accepted:
20
01
2024
medline:
20
2
2024
pubmed:
20
2
2024
entrez:
20
2
2024
Statut:
aheadofprint
Résumé
Food reward and cue reactivity have been linked prospectively to problematic eating behaviours and excess weight gain in adults and children. However, evidence to date in support of an association between degree of adiposity and food reward is tenuous. A non-linear relationship between reward sensitivity and obesity degree has been previously proposed, suggesting a peak is reached in mild obesity and decreases in more severe obesity in a quadratic fashion. To investigate and characterise in detail the relationship between obesity severity, body composition, and explicit and implicit food reward in adolescents with obesity. Data from seven clinical trials in adolescents with obesity were aggregated and analysed in an independent participant data meta-analysis. Linear and curvilinear relationships between the degree of obesity and explicit and implicit reward for sweet and high fat foods were tested in fasted and fed states with BMI-z score as a continuous and discrete predictor using clinically recognised partitions. Although positive associations between obesity severity and preference for high-fat (i.e. energy dense) foods were observed when fasted, none reached significance in either analysis. Conversely, adiposity was reliably associated with lower reward for sweet, particularly when measured as implicit wanting (p = 0.012, ηp A limited relationship was demonstrated between obesity severity and food reward in adolescents, although a lower preference for sweet could be a signal of severe obesity in a linear trend. Obesity is likely a heterogenous condition associated with multiple potential phenotypes, which metrics of body composition may help define. NCT02925572: https://classic. gov/ct2/show/NCT02925572 . NCT03807609: https://classic. gov/ct2/show/NCT03807609 . NCT03742622: https://classic. gov/ct2/show/NCT03742622 . NCT03967782: https://classic. gov/ct2/show/NCT03967782 . NCT03968458: https://classic. gov/ct2/show/NCT03968458 . NCT04739189: https://classic. gov/ct2/show/NCT04739189 . NCT05365685: https://www. gov/study/NCT05365685?tab=history .
Sections du résumé
BACKGROUND
BACKGROUND
Food reward and cue reactivity have been linked prospectively to problematic eating behaviours and excess weight gain in adults and children. However, evidence to date in support of an association between degree of adiposity and food reward is tenuous. A non-linear relationship between reward sensitivity and obesity degree has been previously proposed, suggesting a peak is reached in mild obesity and decreases in more severe obesity in a quadratic fashion.
OBJECTIVE
OBJECTIVE
To investigate and characterise in detail the relationship between obesity severity, body composition, and explicit and implicit food reward in adolescents with obesity.
METHODS
METHODS
Data from seven clinical trials in adolescents with obesity were aggregated and analysed in an independent participant data meta-analysis. Linear and curvilinear relationships between the degree of obesity and explicit and implicit reward for sweet and high fat foods were tested in fasted and fed states with BMI-z score as a continuous and discrete predictor using clinically recognised partitions.
RESULTS
RESULTS
Although positive associations between obesity severity and preference for high-fat (i.e. energy dense) foods were observed when fasted, none reached significance in either analysis. Conversely, adiposity was reliably associated with lower reward for sweet, particularly when measured as implicit wanting (p = 0.012, ηp
CONCLUSIONS
CONCLUSIONS
A limited relationship was demonstrated between obesity severity and food reward in adolescents, although a lower preference for sweet could be a signal of severe obesity in a linear trend. Obesity is likely a heterogenous condition associated with multiple potential phenotypes, which metrics of body composition may help define.
CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATIONS
BACKGROUND
NCT02925572: https://classic.
CLINICALTRIALS
RESULTS
gov/ct2/show/NCT02925572 . NCT03807609: https://classic.
CLINICALTRIALS
RESULTS
gov/ct2/show/NCT03807609 . NCT03742622: https://classic.
CLINICALTRIALS
RESULTS
gov/ct2/show/NCT03742622 . NCT03967782: https://classic.
CLINICALTRIALS
RESULTS
gov/ct2/show/NCT03967782 . NCT03968458: https://classic.
CLINICALTRIALS
RESULTS
gov/ct2/show/NCT03968458 . NCT04739189: https://classic.
CLINICALTRIALS
RESULTS
gov/ct2/show/NCT04739189 . NCT05365685: https://www.
CLINICALTRIALS
RESULTS
gov/study/NCT05365685?tab=history .
Identifiants
pubmed: 38376518
doi: 10.1007/s00394-024-03348-4
pii: 10.1007/s00394-024-03348-4
doi:
Banques de données
ClinicalTrials.gov
['NCT03968458', 'NCT03742622', 'NCT02925572', 'NCT05365685', 'NCT03807609', 'NCT04739189', 'NCT03967782']
Types de publication
Journal Article
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Informations de copyright
© 2024. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany.
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