Altered Lateral Prefrontal Cortex Functioning during Emotional Interference Resistance is Associated with Affect Lability in Adults with Persisting Symptoms of ADHD from Childhood.

Journal

Biological psychiatry. Cognitive neuroscience and neuroimaging
ISSN: 2451-9030
Titre abrégé: Biol Psychiatry Cogn Neurosci Neuroimaging
Pays: United States
ID NLM: 101671285

Informations de publication

Date de publication:
18 Feb 2024
Historique:
received: 06 09 2023
revised: 09 01 2024
accepted: 12 02 2024
medline: 21 2 2024
pubmed: 21 2 2024
entrez: 20 2 2024
Statut: aheadofprint

Résumé

Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a common neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by inattention and/or impulsivity/hyperactivity. ADHD, especially when persisting into adulthood, often includes emotional dysregulation, such as affect lability; however, the neural correlates of emotionality in adults with heterogenous ADHD symptom persistence remain unclear. The present study sought to determine shared and distinct functional neuroanatomical profiles of neural circuitry during emotional interference resistance using an Emotional Faces N-Back task while adult participants with persisting (n = 47), desisting (n = 93) or no childhood ADHD symptoms (n = 42) underwent functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) scans. Participants without any lifetime ADHD diagnosis performed significant better (faster and more accurately) than did participants with ADHD diagnoses on trials with high cognitive loads (2-back) that included task-irrelevant emotional distractors, tapping into executive functioning and emotion regulatory processes (EF+/ER+). In participants with persisting ADHD symptoms, more severe emotional symptoms were related to worse task performance. Heightened dorsal and ventral lateral prefrontal cortex (dlPFC, vlPFC) activation was associated with more accurate and faster performance on EF+/ER+ trials, respectively. Reduced activation was associated with greater affect lability in adults with persisting ADHD and dlPFC activation mediated the relationship between affect lability and task accuracy. These findings suggest that alterations in dlPFC function associated with greater interference in cognitive processes from emotion could represent a marker of risk for problems with emotional dysregulation in individuals with persisting ADHD and thus represent a potential therapeutic target for those with greater emotional symptoms of ADHD.

Sections du résumé

BACKGROUND BACKGROUND
Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a common neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by inattention and/or impulsivity/hyperactivity. ADHD, especially when persisting into adulthood, often includes emotional dysregulation, such as affect lability; however, the neural correlates of emotionality in adults with heterogenous ADHD symptom persistence remain unclear.
METHODS METHODS
The present study sought to determine shared and distinct functional neuroanatomical profiles of neural circuitry during emotional interference resistance using an Emotional Faces N-Back task while adult participants with persisting (n = 47), desisting (n = 93) or no childhood ADHD symptoms (n = 42) underwent functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) scans.
RESULTS RESULTS
Participants without any lifetime ADHD diagnosis performed significant better (faster and more accurately) than did participants with ADHD diagnoses on trials with high cognitive loads (2-back) that included task-irrelevant emotional distractors, tapping into executive functioning and emotion regulatory processes (EF+/ER+). In participants with persisting ADHD symptoms, more severe emotional symptoms were related to worse task performance. Heightened dorsal and ventral lateral prefrontal cortex (dlPFC, vlPFC) activation was associated with more accurate and faster performance on EF+/ER+ trials, respectively. Reduced activation was associated with greater affect lability in adults with persisting ADHD and dlPFC activation mediated the relationship between affect lability and task accuracy.
CONCLUSIONS CONCLUSIONS
These findings suggest that alterations in dlPFC function associated with greater interference in cognitive processes from emotion could represent a marker of risk for problems with emotional dysregulation in individuals with persisting ADHD and thus represent a potential therapeutic target for those with greater emotional symptoms of ADHD.

Identifiants

DOI: 10.1016/j.bpsc.2024.02.003 PMID: 38378127
pubmed: 38378127
pii: S2451-9022(24)00054-5
doi: 10.1016/j.bpsc.2024.02.003
pii:
doi:

Types de publication

Journal Article

Langues

eng

Sous-ensembles de citation

IM

Informations de copyright

Copyright © 2024. Published by Elsevier Inc.

Auteurs

Amar Ojha (A)

Center for Neuroscience, University of Pittsburgh; Center for the Neural Basis of Cognition, University of Pittsburgh; Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh.

Neil P Jones (NP)

Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh.

Teague Henry (T)

Department of Psychology, University of Virginia; School of Data Science, University of Virginia.

Amelia Versace (A)

Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh.

Elizabeth M Gnagy (EM)

Department of Psychology, Florida International University.

Heather M Joseph (HM)

Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh.

Brooke S G Molina (BSG)

Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh.

Cecile D Ladouceur (CD)

Center for Neuroscience, University of Pittsburgh; Center for the Neural Basis of Cognition, University of Pittsburgh; Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh. Electronic address: ladouceurcd@upmc.edu.

Classifications MeSH