Transitioning to Neoadjuvant Therapy for Resectable Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: Trends and Surgical Outcomes in a Regionalized Pulmonary Oncology Network.

Locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer Perioperative outcomes Personalized medicine Preoperative therapies Thoracic oncology

Journal

Clinical lung cancer
ISSN: 1938-0690
Titre abrégé: Clin Lung Cancer
Pays: United States
ID NLM: 100893225

Informations de publication

Date de publication:
19 Dec 2023
Historique:
received: 01 08 2023
revised: 24 11 2023
accepted: 13 12 2023
medline: 21 2 2024
pubmed: 21 2 2024
entrez: 20 2 2024
Statut: aheadofprint

Résumé

Several regulatory agencies have approved the use of the neoadjuvant chemo-immunotherapy for resectable stage II and III of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and numerous trials investigating novel agents are underway. However, significant concerns exist around the feasibility and safety of offering curative surgery to patients treated within such pathways. The goal in this study was to evaluate the impact of a transition towards a large-scale neoadjuvant therapy program for NSCLC. Medical charts of patients with clinical stage II and III NSCLC who underwent resection from January 2015 to December 2020 were reviewed. The primary outcome was perioperative complication rate between neoadjuvant-treated versus upfront surgery patients. Multivariable logistic regression estimated occurrence of postoperative complications and overall survival was assessed as an exploratory secondary outcome by Kaplan-Meier and Cox-regression analyses. Of the 428 patients included, 106 (24.8%) received neoadjuvant therapy and 322 (75.2%) upfront surgery. Frequency of minor and major postoperative complications was similar between groups (P = .22). Occurrence in postoperative complication was similar in both cohort (aOR = 1.31, 95% CI 0.73-2.34). Neoadjuvant therapy administration increased from 10% to 45% with a rise in targeted and immuno-therapies over time, accompanied by a reduced rate of preoperative radiation therapy use. 1-, 2-, and 5-year overall survival was higher in neoadjuvant therapy compared to upfront surgery patients (Log-Rank P = .017). No significant differences in perioperative outcomes and survival were observed in resectable NSCLC patients treated by neoadjuvant therapy versus upfront surgery. Transition to neoadjuvant therapy among resectable NSCLC patients is safe and feasible from a surgical perspective.

Sections du résumé

BACKGROUND BACKGROUND
Several regulatory agencies have approved the use of the neoadjuvant chemo-immunotherapy for resectable stage II and III of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and numerous trials investigating novel agents are underway. However, significant concerns exist around the feasibility and safety of offering curative surgery to patients treated within such pathways. The goal in this study was to evaluate the impact of a transition towards a large-scale neoadjuvant therapy program for NSCLC.
METHODS METHODS
Medical charts of patients with clinical stage II and III NSCLC who underwent resection from January 2015 to December 2020 were reviewed. The primary outcome was perioperative complication rate between neoadjuvant-treated versus upfront surgery patients. Multivariable logistic regression estimated occurrence of postoperative complications and overall survival was assessed as an exploratory secondary outcome by Kaplan-Meier and Cox-regression analyses.
RESULTS RESULTS
Of the 428 patients included, 106 (24.8%) received neoadjuvant therapy and 322 (75.2%) upfront surgery. Frequency of minor and major postoperative complications was similar between groups (P = .22). Occurrence in postoperative complication was similar in both cohort (aOR = 1.31, 95% CI 0.73-2.34). Neoadjuvant therapy administration increased from 10% to 45% with a rise in targeted and immuno-therapies over time, accompanied by a reduced rate of preoperative radiation therapy use. 1-, 2-, and 5-year overall survival was higher in neoadjuvant therapy compared to upfront surgery patients (Log-Rank P = .017).
CONCLUSIONS CONCLUSIONS
No significant differences in perioperative outcomes and survival were observed in resectable NSCLC patients treated by neoadjuvant therapy versus upfront surgery. Transition to neoadjuvant therapy among resectable NSCLC patients is safe and feasible from a surgical perspective.

Identifiants

pubmed: 38378398
pii: S1525-7304(23)00264-4
doi: 10.1016/j.cllc.2023.12.005
pii:
doi:

Types de publication

Journal Article

Langues

eng

Sous-ensembles de citation

IM

Informations de copyright

Copyright © 2023. Published by Elsevier Inc.

Déclaration de conflit d'intérêts

Disclosure JDS has received honoraria and consulting fees from Roche, Merck, BMS, AstraZeneca, Regeneron, Novartis, Protalix Biotherapeutics, Xenetic Biosciences and Protalix Biotherapeutics. JS also received grants to his institution from Roche, AstraZeneca, Protalix Biotherapeutics, CLS Therapeutics, BMS and Merck. BS received speakers’ fees from AstraZeneca, Medscape, and PEER VIEW, and consulting fees from AstraZeneca. SO received honoraria from Astra Zeneca, Bayer, BMS, and Novocure.

Auteurs

Yohann Pilon (Y)

Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada.

Merav Rokah (M)

Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada.

Joseph Seitlinger (J)

Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada.

Boris Sepesi (B)

No current official affiliation.

Roni F Rayes (RF)

Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada; Goodman Cancer Institute, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.

Jonathan Cools-Lartigue (J)

Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada.

Sara Najmeh (S)

Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada.

Christian Sirois (C)

Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada.

David Mulder (D)

Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada.

Lorenzo Ferri (L)

Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada.

Bassam Abdulkarim (B)

Department of Oncology, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.

Nicole Ezer (N)

Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Occupational Health, McGill University, QC, Canada.

Richard Fraser (R)

Department of Pathology, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.

Sophie Camilleri-Broët (S)

Department of Pathology, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.

Pierre-Olivier Fiset (PO)

Department of Pathology, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.

Annick Wong (A)

Department of Oncology, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada; Hôpital du Suroît, Salaberry-de-Valleyfield, QC, Canada.

Shelly Sud (S)

Department of Oncology, Gatineau Hospital, Gatineau, QC, Canada.

Adrian Langleben (A)

Department of Oncology, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.

Jason Agulnik (J)

Department of Oncology, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada; Division of Pulmonary Diseases, Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, Canada.

Carmela Pepe (C)

Department of Oncology, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada; Division of Pulmonary Diseases, Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, Canada.

Benjamin Shieh (B)

Department of Oncology, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.

Vera Hirsh (V)

Department of Oncology, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.

Linda Ofiara (L)

Department of Oncology, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.

Scott Owen (S)

Department of Oncology, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.

Jonathan D Spicer (JD)

Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada; Goodman Cancer Institute, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada. Electronic address: jonathan.spicer@mcgill.ca.

Classifications MeSH