Kaposi varicelliform eruption: an unusual presentation caused by varicella zoster virus in a healthy adult patient - a case report.
Eczema herpeticum
Kaposi varicelliform eruptions
NSAIDs
Viral skin infection
Journal
BMC infectious diseases
ISSN: 1471-2334
Titre abrégé: BMC Infect Dis
Pays: England
ID NLM: 100968551
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
22 Feb 2024
22 Feb 2024
Historique:
received:
03
10
2023
accepted:
08
02
2024
medline:
23
2
2024
pubmed:
23
2
2024
entrez:
22
2
2024
Statut:
epublish
Résumé
Kaposi Varicelliform Eruptions (KVE), also known as eczema herpeticum, is a rare and potentially life-threatening dermatological condition primarily attributed to herpes simplex virus (HSV) infection, with less frequent involvement of Coxsackie A16, vaccinia, Varicella Zoster, and smallpox viruses. Typically associated with pre-existing skin diseases, especially atopic dermatitis, KVE predominantly affects children but can manifest in healthy adults. Characterized by painful clusters of vesicles and sores on the skin and mucous membranes, it often masquerades as other dermatological disorders. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are commonly used for pain relief and inflammation, though their potential role as KVE triggers remains uncertain. Here, we present a case of an 18-year-old female with KVE attributed to Varicella Zoster virus (VZV) and successfully treated with oral acyclovir within a week, underscoring the significance of early recognition and intervention. KVE can manifest with systemic symptoms like fever, fatigue, and lymphadenopathy and may involve multiple organ systems, necessitating possible antibiotic use for complications. This case underscores the importance of prompt KVE identification and consideration of antiviral therapy to enhance patient outcomes. Further research is warranted to elucidate predisposing factors for this rare condition.
Sections du résumé
BACKGROUND
BACKGROUND
Kaposi Varicelliform Eruptions (KVE), also known as eczema herpeticum, is a rare and potentially life-threatening dermatological condition primarily attributed to herpes simplex virus (HSV) infection, with less frequent involvement of Coxsackie A16, vaccinia, Varicella Zoster, and smallpox viruses. Typically associated with pre-existing skin diseases, especially atopic dermatitis, KVE predominantly affects children but can manifest in healthy adults. Characterized by painful clusters of vesicles and sores on the skin and mucous membranes, it often masquerades as other dermatological disorders. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are commonly used for pain relief and inflammation, though their potential role as KVE triggers remains uncertain.
CASE REPORT
METHODS
Here, we present a case of an 18-year-old female with KVE attributed to Varicella Zoster virus (VZV) and successfully treated with oral acyclovir within a week, underscoring the significance of early recognition and intervention. KVE can manifest with systemic symptoms like fever, fatigue, and lymphadenopathy and may involve multiple organ systems, necessitating possible antibiotic use for complications.
CONCLUSION
CONCLUSIONS
This case underscores the importance of prompt KVE identification and consideration of antiviral therapy to enhance patient outcomes. Further research is warranted to elucidate predisposing factors for this rare condition.
Identifiants
pubmed: 38388418
doi: 10.1186/s12879-024-09115-4
pii: 10.1186/s12879-024-09115-4
doi:
Types de publication
Journal Article
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
244Informations de copyright
© 2024. The Author(s).
Références
Wheeler CE, Abele DC. Eczema Herpeticum, Primary and Recurrent [Internet]. Available from: http://archderm.jamanetwork.com/ .
Wollenberg A, Zoch C, Wetzel S, Plewig G, Przybilla B. Predisposing factors and clinical features of eczema herpeticum: a retrospective analysis of 100 cases. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2003;49(2):198–205.
doi: 10.1067/S0190-9622(03)00896-X
pubmed: 12894065
Min Z, Gnann JW. Kaposi’s varicelliform eruption. Vol. 9, Internal and Emergency Medicine. 2014. p. 101–2.
Mehdi Karray 1 EK 2, AS. Kaposi Varicelliform Eruption [Internet]. StatPearls; 2022 [cited 2023 Jul 9]. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29494039/ .
Cardones AR. Drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms (DRESS) syndrome. Clin Dermatol. 2020;38(6):702–11.
doi: 10.1016/j.clindermatol.2020.06.008
pubmed: 33341203
Patil A, Goldust M, Wollina U. Herpes zoster: a review of clinical manifestations and management. Viruses. 2022;14(2):192.
doi: 10.3390/v14020192
pubmed: 35215786
pmcid: 8876683
Gilden D, Nagel M, Cohrs R, Mahalingam R, Baird N. Varicella Zoster Virus in the nervous system. F1000Res. 2015;4:1356.
doi: 10.12688/f1000research.7153.1
Cheung EV, Tidball JG. Administration of the non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug ibuprofen increases macrophage concentrations but reduces necrosis during modified muscle use. Inflamm Res. 2003;52(4):170–6.
doi: 10.1007/s000110300068
pubmed: 12755383
Giagoudakis G, Markantonis SL. Relationships between the concentrations of prostaglandins and the nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs Indomethacin, Diclofenac, and Ibuprofen. Pharmacotherapy. 2005;25(1):18–25.
doi: 10.1592/phco.25.1.18.55618
pubmed: 15767216
Mikaeloff Y, Kezouh A, Suissa S. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug use and the risk of severe skin and soft tissue complications in patients with varicella or zoster disease. Br J Clin Pharmacol. 2008;65(2):203–9.
doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2125.2007.02997.x
pubmed: 18251759