Cytokine expression in subjects with

1) Culture The Temple University/Abilene Christian University (TU/ACU) study had a prospective case control design with 201 subjects including 61 CD patients and 140 non-CD controls. The culture methods included MGIT, TiKa and Pozzato broths, and were deemed MAP positive, if IS900 PCR positive. A phage amplification assay was also performed to detect MAP. Cytokine analysis of the TU/ACU samples was performed using Simple Plex cytokine reagents on the Ella ELISA system. Statistical analyses were done after log transformation using the R software package. The meta-analysis combined three studies. Most subjects had MAP positive blood cultures by one or more methods in 3 laboratories. In our cytokine study comparing CD to non-CD controls, IL-17, IFNγ and TNFα were significantly increased in CD, but IL-2, IL-5, IL-10 and GM-CSF were not increased. In the meta-analysis, IL-6, IL-8 and IL-12 were significantly increased in the CD patients. Most subjects in our sample had MAP infection and 8 of 9 subjects remained MAP positive one year later indicating persistent infection. While not identical, cytokine expression patterns in MAP culture positive CD patients in the TU/ACU study showed similarities (increased IL-17, IFNγ and TNFα) to patterns of patients with Tuberculosis in other studies, indicating the possibilities of similar mechanisms of pathogen infection and potential strategies for treatment.

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Copyright © 2024 Kuenstner, Xu, Bull, Foddai, Grant, Naser, Potula, Zhang, Shafran, Akhanli, Khaiboullina and Kruzelock.

Déclaration de conflit d'intérêts

TB is a director of TiKa Diagnostics Ltd., proprietor of the TiKa mycobacterial growth media used in this study. IG, AF, JK, RP, TB, SN, and IS have a proprietary interest in a pending patent for the MAP phage assay. JK, RP, and PZ have a proprietary interest in pending patents for MAP antibody assays. PZ is also the principal owner of PZM Diagnostics. IG is a director of Rapid-Myco Technologies Limited, a company seeking to commercialize the phagomagnetic separation-qPCR assay for viable MAP/other mycobacteria. The remaining authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. The author(s) declared that they were an editorial board member of Frontiers, at the time of submission. This had no impact on the peer review process and the final decision.