Perspectives on Development and Advancement of New Tuberculosis Vaccines.

Tuberculosis (TB) remains a leading cause of death globally and is estimated to have caused 1.3 million deaths worldwide in 2022. Approximately one quarter of the world's population are infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis, of whom up to 10% will progress to developing active TB disease. Achieving the WHO End TB Strategy targets of a 95% reduction in TB mortality and a 90% reduction in TB incidence worldwide, by 2035, remains a daunting task. The continuing spread of multi-drug resistant TB adds another obstacle to achieving global TB control. Larger funding pledges coupled with technological advances have recently enabled enhancement of TB vaccine development efforts. These are yielding a pipeline of over 17 products currently in different stages of clinical trials. Emerging promising phase 1 and 2 trials' results and advancement to phase 3 trials have necessitated "vaccine preparedness" in parallel so that a smooth transition from any positive clinical trials' results to phase 4 evaluation and implementation into policy and practice can follow. Promotion of a human-rights-based approach which recognizes and upholds the fundamental rights of all affected by the disease, is essential to ensure universal access to quality TB vaccines regardless of their background or personal circumstances.

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Copyright © 2024. Published by Elsevier Ltd.

Déclaration de conflit d'intérêts

Declaration of competing Interest All authors declare no conflicts of interest.