A far-ultraviolet-driven photoevaporation flow observed in a protoplanetary disk.

Journal

Science (New York, N.Y.)
ISSN: 1095-9203
Titre abrégé: Science
Pays: United States
ID NLM: 0404511

Informations de publication

Date de publication:
Mar 2024
Historique:
medline: 29 2 2024
pubmed: 29 2 2024
entrez: 29 2 2024
Statut: ppublish

Résumé

Most low-mass stars form in stellar clusters that also contain massive stars, which are sources of far-ultraviolet (FUV) radiation. Theoretical models predict that this FUV radiation produces photodissociation regions (PDRs) on the surfaces of protoplanetary disks around low-mass stars, which affects planet formation within the disks. We report James Webb Space Telescope and Atacama Large Millimeter Array observations of a FUV-irradiated protoplanetary disk in the Orion Nebula. Emission lines are detected from the PDR; modeling their kinematics and excitation allowed us to constrain the physical conditions within the gas. We quantified the mass-loss rate induced by the FUV irradiation and found that it is sufficient to remove gas from the disk in less than a million years. This is rapid enough to affect giant planet formation in the disk.

Identifiants

DOI: 10.1126/science.adh2861 PMID: 38422128
pubmed: 38422128
doi: 10.1126/science.adh2861
doi:

Types de publication

Journal Article

Langues

eng

Sous-ensembles de citation

IM

Pagination

988-992

Auteurs

Olivier Berné (O)

Institut de Recherche en Astrophysique et Planétologie, Université de Toulouse, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales, 31028 Toulouse, France.
ORCID: 0000-0002-1686-8395

Emilie Habart (E)

Institut d'Astrophysique Spatiale, Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, 91405 Orsay, France.
ORCID: 0000-0001-9136-8043

Els Peeters (E)

Department of Physics and Astronomy, The University of Western Ontario, London, ON N6A 3K7, Canada.
Institute for Earth and Space Exploration, The University of Western Ontario, London, ON N6A 3K7, Canada.
Carl Sagan Center, Search for ExtraTerrestrial Intelligence Institute, Mountain View, CA 94043, USA.
ORCID: 0000-0002-2541-1602

Ilane Schroetter (I)

Institut de Recherche en Astrophysique et Planétologie, Université de Toulouse, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales, 31028 Toulouse, France.
ORCID: 0000-0002-1099-7401

Amélie Canin (A)

Institut de Recherche en Astrophysique et Planétologie, Université de Toulouse, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales, 31028 Toulouse, France.
ORCID: 0000-0002-7830-6363

Ameek Sidhu (A)

Department of Physics and Astronomy, The University of Western Ontario, London, ON N6A 3K7, Canada.
Institute for Earth and Space Exploration, The University of Western Ontario, London, ON N6A 3K7, Canada.
ORCID: 0000-0003-3771-4990

Ryan Chown (R)

Department of Physics and Astronomy, The University of Western Ontario, London, ON N6A 3K7, Canada.
Institute for Earth and Space Exploration, The University of Western Ontario, London, ON N6A 3K7, Canada.
ORCID: 0000-0001-8241-7704

Emeric Bron (E)

Laboratoire d'Etudes du Rayonnement et de la Matière, Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris Science et Lettres, CNRS, Sorbonne Universités, F-92190 Meudon, France.
ORCID: 0000-0003-1532-7818

Thomas J Haworth (TJ)

School of Physics and Astronomy, Queen Mary University of London, London E1 4NS, UK.

Pamela Klaassen (P)

UK Astronomy Technology Centre, Royal Observatory Edinburgh, Blackford Hill EH9 3HJ, UK.

Boris Trahin (B)

Institut d'Astrophysique Spatiale, Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, 91405 Orsay, France.
ORCID: 0000-0001-5875-5340

Dries Van De Putte (D)

Space Telescope Science Institute, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA.
ORCID: 0000-0002-5895-8268

Felipe Alarcón (F)

Department of Astronomy, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.

Marion Zannese (M)

Institut d'Astrophysique Spatiale, Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, 91405 Orsay, France.
ORCID: 0009-0002-6069-0907

Alain Abergel (A)

Institut d'Astrophysique Spatiale, Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, 91405 Orsay, France.

Edwin A Bergin (EA)

Department of Astronomy, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.
ORCID: 0000-0003-4179-6394

Jeronimo Bernard-Salas (J)

ACRI-ST, Centre d'Etudes et de Recherche de Grasse, F-06130 Grasse, France.
Innovative Common Laboratory for Space Spectroscopy, 06130 Grasse, France.

Christiaan Boersma (C)

NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, CA 94035, USA.
ORCID: 0000-0002-4836-217X

Jan Cami (J)

Department of Physics and Astronomy, The University of Western Ontario, London, ON N6A 3K7, Canada.
Institute for Earth and Space Exploration, The University of Western Ontario, London, ON N6A 3K7, Canada.
Carl Sagan Center, Search for ExtraTerrestrial Intelligence Institute, Mountain View, CA 94043, USA.
ORCID: 0000-0002-2666-9234

Sara Cuadrado (S)

Instituto de Física Fundamental, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, 28006 Madrid, Spain.
ORCID: 0000-0002-7393-1813

Emmanuel Dartois (E)

Institut des Sciences Moléculaires d'Orsay, Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, 91405 Orsay, France.
ORCID: 0000-0003-1197-7143

Daniel Dicken (D)

Institut d'Astrophysique Spatiale, Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, 91405 Orsay, France.

Meriem Elyajouri (M)

Institut d'Astrophysique Spatiale, Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, 91405 Orsay, France.
ORCID: 0000-0002-6086-2337

Asunción Fuente (A)

Centro de Astrobiología, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, and Instituto Nacional de Técnica Aeroespacial, 28850 Torrejón de Ardoz, Spain.

Javier R Goicoechea (JR)

Instituto de Física Fundamental, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, 28006 Madrid, Spain.
ORCID: 0000-0001-7046-4319

Karl D Gordon (KD)

Space Telescope Science Institute, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA.
Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA.
ORCID: 0000-0001-5340-6774

Lina Issa (L)

Institut de Recherche en Astrophysique et Planétologie, Université de Toulouse, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales, 31028 Toulouse, France.

Christine Joblin (C)

Institut de Recherche en Astrophysique et Planétologie, Université de Toulouse, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales, 31028 Toulouse, France.
ORCID: 0000-0003-1561-6118

Olga Kannavou (O)

Institut d'Astrophysique Spatiale, Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, 91405 Orsay, France.

Baria Khan (B)

Department of Physics and Astronomy, The University of Western Ontario, London, ON N6A 3K7, Canada.

Ozan Lacinbala (O)

Institut d'Astrophysique Spatiale, Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, 91405 Orsay, France.
ORCID: 0000-0002-5263-7922

David Languignon (D)

Laboratoire d'Etudes du Rayonnement et de la Matière, Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris Science et Lettres, CNRS, Sorbonne Universités, F-92190 Meudon, France.

Romane Le Gal (R)

Institut de Recherche en Astrophysique et Planétologie, Université de Toulouse, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales, 31028 Toulouse, France.
Institut de Planétologie et d'Astrophysique de Grenoble, Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, F-38000 Grenoble, France.
Institut de Radioastronomie Millimétrique, F-38406 Saint-Martin d'Hères, France.
ORCID: 0000-0003-1837-3772

Alexandros Maragkoudakis (A)

NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, CA 94035, USA.
ORCID: 0000-0003-2552-3871

Raphael Meshaka (R)

Institut d'Astrophysique Spatiale, Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, 91405 Orsay, France.

Yoko Okada (Y)

I. Physikalisches Institut, Universität zu Köln, 50937 Köln, Germany.
ORCID: 0000-0002-6838-6435

Takashi Onaka (T)

Department of Astronomy, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan.
Department of Physics, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Meisei University, Hino, Tokyo 191-8506, Japan.

Sofia Pasquini (S)

Department of Physics and Astronomy, The University of Western Ontario, London, ON N6A 3K7, Canada.
ORCID: 0000-0002-9416-8001

Marc W Pound (MW)

Astronomy Department, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA.

Massimo Robberto (M)

Space Telescope Science Institute, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA.
Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA.
ORCID: 0000-0002-9573-3199

Markus Röllig (M)

I. Physikalisches Institut, Universität zu Köln, 50937 Köln, Germany.
ORCID: 0000-0001-6205-2242

Bethany Schefter (B)

Department of Physics and Astronomy, The University of Western Ontario, London, ON N6A 3K7, Canada.
ORCID: 0000-0001-5080-8030

Thiébaut Schirmer (T)

Institut d'Astrophysique Spatiale, Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, 91405 Orsay, France.
Department of Space, Earth and Environment, Chalmers University of Technology, Onsala Space Observatory, SE-439 92 Onsala, Sweden.

Thomas Simmer (T)

Institut d'Astrophysique Spatiale, Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, 91405 Orsay, France.

Benoit Tabone (B)

Institut d'Astrophysique Spatiale, Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, 91405 Orsay, France.
ORCID: 0000-0002-1103-3225

Alexander G G M Tielens (AGGM)

Astronomy Department, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA.
Leiden Observatory, Leiden University, 2300 RA Leiden, Netherlands.
ORCID: 0000-0003-0306-0028

Sílvia Vicente (S)

Instituto de Astrofísica e Ciências do Espaço, P-1349-018 Lisboa, Portugal.

Mark G Wolfire (MG)

Astronomy Department, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA.
ORCID: 0000-0003-0030-9510

Isabel Aleman (I)

Instituto de Física e Química, Universidade Federal de Itajubá, Itajubá, Brazil.

Louis Allamandola (L)

Astronomy Department, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA.
Bay Area Environmental Research Institute, Moffett Field, CA 94035, USA.

Rebecca Auchettl (R)

Australian Synchrotron, Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation, Victoria, Australia.

Giuseppe Antonio Baratta (GA)

Osservatorio Astrofisico di Catania, Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica, 95123 Catania, Italy.

Clément Baruteau (C)

Institut de Recherche en Astrophysique et Planétologie, Université de Toulouse, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales, 31028 Toulouse, France.

Salma Bejaoui (S)

Astronomy Department, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA.

Partha P Bera (PP)

Astronomy Department, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA.
Bay Area Environmental Research Institute, Moffett Field, CA 94035, USA.

John H Black (JH)

Department of Space, Earth, and Environment, Chalmers University of Technology, Onsala Space Observatory, 43992 Onsala, Sweden.

Francois Boulanger (F)

Laboratoire de Physique de l'École Normale Supérieure, Université Paris Science et Lettres, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, Université de Paris, 75005, Paris, France.

Jordy Bouwman (J)

Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80303, USA.
Department of Chemistry, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA.
Institute for Modeling Plasma, Atmospheres, and Cosmic Dust, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80303, USA.

Bernhard Brandl (B)

I. Physikalisches Institut, Universität zu Köln, 50937 Köln, Germany.
Faculty of Aerospace Engineering, Delft University of Technology, 2629 HS Delft, Netherlands.

Philippe Brechignac (P)

ACRI-ST, Centre d'Etudes et de Recherche de Grasse, F-06130 Grasse, France.

Sandra Brünken (S)

Institute for Molecules and Materials, Free-Electron Lasers for Infrared eXperiments Laboratory, Radboud University, 6525 ED Nijmegen, Netherlands.

Mridusmita Buragohain (M)

School of Physics, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad 500 046, India.

Andrew Burkhardt (A)

Department of Physics, Wellesley College, Wellesley, MA 02481, USA.

Alessandra Candian (A)

I. Physikalisches Institut, Universität zu Köln, 50937 Köln, Germany.
Anton Pannekoek Institute for Astronomy, University of Amsterdam, 1098 XH Amsterdam, Netherlands.

Stéphanie Cazaux (S)

Department of Astronomy, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.

Jose Cernicharo (J)

Instituto de Física Fundamental, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, 28006 Madrid, Spain.

Marin Chabot (M)

Laboratoire de Physique des deux infinis Irène Joliot-Curie, Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, 91405 Orsay Cedex, France.

Shubhadip Chakraborty (S)

Institut de Physique de Rennes, CNRS, Université de Rennes 1, 35042 Rennes, France.
Department of Chemistry, Gandhi Institute of Technology and Management, Bangalore, India.

Jason Champion (J)

Institut de Recherche en Astrophysique et Planétologie, Université de Toulouse, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales, 31028 Toulouse, France.

Sean W J Colgan (SWJ)

Department of Space, Earth and Environment, Chalmers University of Technology, Onsala Space Observatory, SE-439 92 Onsala, Sweden.

Ilsa R Cooke (IR)

Department of Chemistry, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.

Audrey Coutens (A)

Institut de Recherche en Astrophysique et Planétologie, Université de Toulouse, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales, 31028 Toulouse, France.

Nick L J Cox (NLJ)

ACRI-ST, Centre d'Etudes et de Recherche de Grasse, F-06130 Grasse, France.
Innovative Common Laboratory for Space Spectroscopy, 06130 Grasse, France.

Karine Demyk (K)

Institut de Recherche en Astrophysique et Planétologie, Université de Toulouse, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales, 31028 Toulouse, France.

Jennifer Donovan Meyer (JD)

National Radio Astronomy Observatory, Charlottesville, VA 22903, USA.

Cécile Engrand (C)

Laboratoire de Physique des deux infinis Irène Joliot-Curie, Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, 91405 Orsay Cedex, France.

Sacha Foschino (S)

Institute for Earth and Space Exploration, The University of Western Ontario, London, ON N6A 3K7, Canada.

Pedro García-Lario (P)

European Space Agency, Villanueva de la Cañada, E-28692 Madrid, Spain.

Lisseth Gavilan (L)

Department of Space, Earth and Environment, Chalmers University of Technology, Onsala Space Observatory, SE-439 92 Onsala, Sweden.

Maryvonne Gerin (M)

Laboratoire d'Etudes du Rayonnement et de la Matière, Observatoire de Paris, Paris Science et Lettres University, Sorbonne Université, 75014, Paris, France.

Marie Godard (M)

ACRI-ST, Centre d'Etudes et de Recherche de Grasse, F-06130 Grasse, France.

Carl A Gottlieb (CA)

Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA.

Pierre Guillard (P)

Institut d'Astrophysique de Paris, Sorbonne Université, CNRS, 75014 Paris, France.
Institut Universitaire de France, Ministère de l'Enseignement Supérieur et de la Recherche, 75231 Paris, France.

Antoine Gusdorf (A)

Laboratoire de Physique de l'École Normale Supérieure, Université Paris Science et Lettres, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, Université de Paris, 75005, Paris, France.
Laboratoire d'Etudes du Rayonnement et de la Matière, Observatoire de Paris, Paris Science et Lettres University, Sorbonne Université, 75014, Paris, France.

Patrick Hartigan (P)

Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, USA.

Jinhua He (J)

Yunnan Observatories, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650216, China.
Chinese Academy of Sciences South America Center for Astronomy, National Astronomical Observatories, Beijing 100101, China.
Departamento de Astronomía, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile.

Eric Herbst (E)

Departments of Chemistry and Astronomy, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22904, USA.

Liv Hornekaer (L)

Center for Interstellar Catalysis, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark.

Cornelia Jäger (C)

Institute of Solid State Physics, Max Planck Institute for Astronomy, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, 07743 Jena, Germany.

Eduardo Janot-Pacheco (E)

Instituto de Astronomia, Geofísica e Ciências Atmosféricas, Universidade de São Paulo, 05509-090 São Paulo, Brazil.

Michael Kaufman (M)

Department of Physics and Astronomy, San José State University, San Jose, CA 95192, USA.

Francisca Kemper (F)

Institut de Ciencies de l'Espai, Centro Superior de Investigacion Cientifica, E-08193, Barcelona, Spain.
Institución Catalana de Investigación y Estudios Avanzados, E-08010 Barcelona, Spain.
Institut d'Estudis Espacials de Catalunya, E-08034 Barcelona, Spain.

Sarah Kendrew (S)

European Space Agency, Space Telescope Science Institute, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA.

Maria S Kirsanova (MS)

Institute of Astronomy, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119017 Moscow, Russia.

Collin Knight (C)

Department of Physics and Astronomy, The University of Western Ontario, London, ON N6A 3K7, Canada.

Sun Kwok (S)

Department of Earth, Ocean, and Atmospheric Sciences, University of British Columbia, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada.

Álvaro Labiano (Á)

Telespazio UK, European Space Agency, E-28692 Villanueva de la Cañada, Madrid, Spain.

Thomas S-Y Lai (TS)

Infrared Processing and Analysis Center, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA.

Timothy J Lee (TJ)

Department of Space, Earth and Environment, Chalmers University of Technology, Onsala Space Observatory, SE-439 92 Onsala, Sweden.

Bertrand Lefloch (B)

Leiden Observatory, Leiden University, 2300 RA Leiden, Netherlands.

Franck Le Petit (F)

Space Telescope Science Institute, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA.

Aigen Li (A)

Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA.

Hendrik Linz (H)

Max Planck Institute for Astronomy, Königstuhl 17, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany.

Cameron J Mackie (CJ)

Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA.
Pitzer Center for Theoretical Chemistry, College of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA.

Suzanne C Madden (SC)

Astrophysics, Instrumentation and Modelling, Commissariat à l'Énergie Atomique et aux Énergies Alternatives, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France.

Joëlle Mascetti (J)

Institut des Sciences Moléculaires, CNRS, Université de Bordeaux, 33405 Talence, France.

Brett A McGuire (BA)

Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
National Radio Astronomy Observatory, Charlottesville, VA 22903, USA.

Pablo Merino (P)

Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Madrid, Centro Superior de Investigacion Cientifica, E28049, Madrid, Spain.

Elisabetta R Micelotta (ER)

Department of Physics, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland.

Jon A Morse (JA)

Steward Observatory, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA.

Giacomo Mulas (G)

Institut de Recherche en Astrophysique et Planétologie, Université de Toulouse, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales, 31028 Toulouse, France.
Osservatorio Astronomico di Cagliari, Instituto Nazionale di Astrofisca, 09047 Selargius, Italy.

Naslim Neelamkodan (N)

Department of Physics, College of Science, United Arab Emirates University, Al-Ain 15551, United Arab Emirates.

Ryou Ohsawa (R)

National Astronomical Observatory of Japan, Tokyo 181-8588, Japan.

Roberta Paladini (R)

Infrared Processing and Analysis Center, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA.

Maria Elisabetta Palumbo (ME)

Osservatorio Astrofisico di Catania, Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica, 95123 Catania, Italy.

Amit Pathak (A)

Department of Physics, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India.

Yvonne J Pendleton (YJ)

Department of Physics, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32816, USA.

Annemieke Petrignani (A)

Van't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Amsterdam, 1090 GD Amsterdam, Netherlands.

Thomas Pino (T)

Innovative Common Laboratory for Space Spectroscopy, 06130 Grasse, France.

Elena Puga (E)

European Space Agency, Villanueva de la Cañada, E-28692 Madrid, Spain.

Naseem Rangwala (N)

NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, CA 94035, USA.

Mathias Rapacioli (M)

Laboratoire de Chimie et Physique Quantiques, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, Toulouse, France.

Alessandra Ricca (A)

Department of Physics and Astronomy, The University of Western Ontario, London, ON N6A 3K7, Canada.
Department of Space, Earth and Environment, Chalmers University of Technology, Onsala Space Observatory, SE-439 92 Onsala, Sweden.

Julia Roman-Duval (J)

Institut des Sciences Moléculaires d'Orsay, Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, 91405 Orsay, France.

Evelyne Roueff (E)

Department of Astronomy, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.

Gaël Rouillé (G)

Institute of Solid State Physics, Max Planck Institute for Astronomy, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, 07743 Jena, Germany.

Farid Salama (F)

NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, CA 94035, USA.

Dinalva A Sales (DA)

Instituto de Matemática, Estatística e Física, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande, 96201-900, Rio Grande, Brazil.

Karin Sandstrom (K)

Center for Astrophysics and Space Sciences, Department of Physics, University of California, San Diego, CA 92093, USA.

Peter Sarre (P)

School of Chemistry, The University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK.

Ella Sciamma-O'Brien (E)

NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, CA 94035, USA.

Kris Sellgren (K)

Astronomy Department, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.

Matthew J Shannon (MJ)

NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, CA 94035, USA.

Adrien Simonnin (A)

Institut de Recherche en Astrophysique et Planétologie, Université de Toulouse, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales, 31028 Toulouse, France.

Sachindev S Shenoy (SS)

Space Science Institute, R203 Boulder, CO 80301, USA.

David Teyssier (D)

European Space Agency, Villanueva de la Cañada, E-28692 Madrid, Spain.

Richard D Thomas (RD)

Department of Physics, Stockholm University, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.

Aditya Togi (A)

Department of Physics, Texas State University, San Marcos, TX 78666, USA.

Laurent Verstraete (L)

Institut d'Astrophysique Spatiale, Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, 91405 Orsay, France.

Adolf N Witt (AN)

Ritter Astrophysical Research Center, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH 43606, USA.

Alwyn Wootten (A)

National Radio Astronomy Observatory, Charlottesville, VA 22903, USA.

Nathalie Ysard (N)

Institut de Recherche en Astrophysique et Planétologie, Université de Toulouse, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales, 31028 Toulouse, France.
Institut d'Astrophysique Spatiale, Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, 91405 Orsay, France.

Henning Zettergren (H)

Department of Physics, Stockholm University, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.

Yong Zhang (Y)

School of Physics and Astronomy, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai 519000, China.

Ziwei E Zhang (ZE)

Star and Planet Formation Laboratory, Rikagaku Kenkyusho Cluster for Pioneering Research, Saitama 351-0198, Japan.

Junfeng Zhen (J)

Key Laboratory of Crust-Mantle Materials and Environment, Chinese Academy of Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Anhui 230026, China.

Classifications MeSH