The effect of dose-interval on antibody response to mRNA COVID-19 vaccines: a prospective cohort study.

COVID-19 IgG adaptive immunity humoral immunity mRNA vaccination neutralizing antibodies (NAB) vaccine response vaccine schedule

Journal

Frontiers in immunology
ISSN: 1664-3224
Titre abrégé: Front Immunol
Pays: Switzerland
ID NLM: 101560960

Informations de publication

Date de publication:
2024
Historique:
received: 31 10 2023
accepted: 25 01 2024
medline: 4 3 2024
pubmed: 4 3 2024
entrez: 4 3 2024
Statut: epublish

Résumé

Vaccination against COVID-19 is highly effective in preventing severe disease and hospitalization, but primary COVID mRNA vaccination schedules often differed from those recommended by the manufacturers due to supply chain issues. We investigated the impact of delaying the second dose on antibody responses to COVID mRNA-vaccines in a prospective cohort of health-care workers in Quebec. We recruited participants from the McGill University Health Centre who provided serum or participant-collected dried blood samples (DBS) at 28-days, 3 months, and 6 months post-second dose and at 28-days after a third dose. IgG antibodies to SARS-CoV2 spike (S), the receptor-binding domain (RBD), nucleocapsid (N) and neutralizing antibodies to the ancestral strain were assessed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). We examined associations between long (≤89 days) versus short (<89 days) between-dose intervals and antibody response through multivariable mixed-effects models adjusted for age, sex, prior covid infection status, time since vaccine dose, and assay batch. The cohort included 328 participants who received up to three vaccine doses (>80% Pfizer-BioNTech). Weighted averages of the serum (n=744) and DBS (n=216) cohort results from the multivariable models showed that IgG anti-S was 31% higher (95% CI: 12% to 53%) and IgG anti-RBD was 37% higher (95% CI: 14% to 65%) in the long Our study indicates that extending the covid primary series between-dose interval beyond 89 days (approximately 3 months) provides stronger antibody responses than intervals less than 89 days. Our demonstration of a more robust antibody response with a longer between dose interval is reassuring as logistical and supply challenges are navigated in low-resource settings.

Sections du résumé

Background UNASSIGNED
Vaccination against COVID-19 is highly effective in preventing severe disease and hospitalization, but primary COVID mRNA vaccination schedules often differed from those recommended by the manufacturers due to supply chain issues. We investigated the impact of delaying the second dose on antibody responses to COVID mRNA-vaccines in a prospective cohort of health-care workers in Quebec.
Methods UNASSIGNED
We recruited participants from the McGill University Health Centre who provided serum or participant-collected dried blood samples (DBS) at 28-days, 3 months, and 6 months post-second dose and at 28-days after a third dose. IgG antibodies to SARS-CoV2 spike (S), the receptor-binding domain (RBD), nucleocapsid (N) and neutralizing antibodies to the ancestral strain were assessed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). We examined associations between long (≤89 days) versus short (<89 days) between-dose intervals and antibody response through multivariable mixed-effects models adjusted for age, sex, prior covid infection status, time since vaccine dose, and assay batch.
Findings UNASSIGNED
The cohort included 328 participants who received up to three vaccine doses (>80% Pfizer-BioNTech). Weighted averages of the serum (n=744) and DBS (n=216) cohort results from the multivariable models showed that IgG anti-S was 31% higher (95% CI: 12% to 53%) and IgG anti-RBD was 37% higher (95% CI: 14% to 65%) in the long
Interpretation UNASSIGNED
Our study indicates that extending the covid primary series between-dose interval beyond 89 days (approximately 3 months) provides stronger antibody responses than intervals less than 89 days. Our demonstration of a more robust antibody response with a longer between dose interval is reassuring as logistical and supply challenges are navigated in low-resource settings.

Identifiants

DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1330549 PMID: 38433831 PMC: PMC10904688
pubmed: 38433831
doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1330549
pmc: PMC10904688
doi:

Types de publication

Journal Article

Langues

eng

Sous-ensembles de citation

IM

Pagination

1330549

Informations de copyright

Copyright © 2024 Almeida, Schiller, Ke, Sakr, Plesa, Vanamala, Moneger, Bazan, Lucchesi, Wozniak, Fritz, Piccirillo, Pelchat, Arnold, Galipeau, McCluskie, Langlois, Dasgupta and Mazer.

Déclaration de conflit d'intérêts

The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. The author(s) declared that they were an editorial board member of Frontiers, at the time of submission. This had no impact on the peer review process and the final decision.

Auteurs

Nisha D Almeida (ND)

Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.
Health Technology Assessment Unit, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada.

Ian Schiller (I)

Health Technology Assessment Unit, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada.
Centre for Outcomes Research and Evaluation, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Center, Montreal, QC, Canada.

Danbing Ke (D)

Translational Research in Respiratory Diseases, Meakins-Christie Laboratories, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Center, Montreal, QC, Canada.

Elsa Sakr (E)

Translational Research in Respiratory Diseases, Meakins-Christie Laboratories, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Center, Montreal, QC, Canada.

Maria Plesa (M)

Translational Research in Respiratory Diseases, Meakins-Christie Laboratories, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Center, Montreal, QC, Canada.

Sandeep Vanamala (S)

Translational Research in Respiratory Diseases, Meakins-Christie Laboratories, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Center, Montreal, QC, Canada.

Anne-Laure Moneger (AL)

Translational Research in Respiratory Diseases, Meakins-Christie Laboratories, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Center, Montreal, QC, Canada.

Maria Bazan (M)

Translational Research in Respiratory Diseases, Meakins-Christie Laboratories, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Center, Montreal, QC, Canada.

Chiara Lucchesi (C)

Translational Research in Respiratory Diseases, Meakins-Christie Laboratories, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Center, Montreal, QC, Canada.

Natalia Wozniak (N)

Translational Research in Respiratory Diseases, Meakins-Christie Laboratories, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Center, Montreal, QC, Canada.

Jorg H Fritz (JH)

Goodman Cancer Centre, and Department of Microbiology and Immunology, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.

Ciriaco A Piccirillo (CA)

Infectious Diseases and Immunology in Global Health Program, Research Institute of Research Institute of the McGill University Health Center, and Department of Microbiology and Immunology, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.

Martin Pelchat (M)

Faculty of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology and University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada.

Corey Arnold (C)

Faculty of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology and University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada.

Yannick Galipeau (Y)

Faculty of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology and University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada.

Pauline S McCluskie (PS)

Faculty of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology and University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada.

Marc-Andre Langlois (MA)

Faculty of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology and University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada.

Kaberi Dasgupta (K)

Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.
Centre for Outcomes Research and Evaluation, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Center, Montreal, QC, Canada.

Bruce D Mazer (BD)

Translational Research in Respiratory Diseases, Meakins-Christie Laboratories, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Center, Montreal, QC, Canada.
Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada.

Classifications MeSH