Long-Term Autoimmune Inflammatory Rheumatic Outcomes of COVID-19 : A Binational Cohort Study.

Journal

Annals of internal medicine
ISSN: 1539-3704
Titre abrégé: Ann Intern Med
Pays: United States
ID NLM: 0372351

Informations de publication

Date de publication:
Mar 2024
Historique:
pubmed: 4 3 2024
medline: 4 3 2024
entrez: 4 3 2024
Statut: ppublish

Résumé

Some data suggest a higher incidence of diagnosis of autoimmune inflammatory rheumatic diseases (AIRDs) among patients with a history of COVID-19 compared with uninfected patients. However, these studies had methodological shortcomings. To investigate the effect of COVID-19 on long-term risk for incident AIRD over various follow-up periods. Binational, longitudinal, propensity-matched cohort study. Nationwide claims-based databases in South Korea (K-COV-N cohort) and Japan (JMDC cohort). 10 027 506 Korean and 12 218 680 Japanese patients aged 20 years or older, including those with COVID-19 between 1 January 2020 and 31 December 2021, matched to patients with influenza infection and to uninfected control patients. The primary outcome was onset of AIRD (per appropriate codes from the International Classification of Diseases, 10th Revision) 1, 6, and 12 months after COVID-19 or influenza infection or the respective matched index date of uninfected control patients. Between 2020 and 2021, among the 10 027 506 Korean participants (mean age, 48.4 years [SD, 13.4]; 50.1% men), 394 274 (3.9%) and 98 596 (0.98%) had a history of COVID-19 or influenza, respectively. After propensity score matching, beyond the first 30 days after infection, patients with COVID-19 were at increased risk for incident AIRD compared with uninfected patients (adjusted hazard ratio, 1.25 [95% CI, 1.18 to 1.31]) and influenza-infected control patients (adjusted hazard ratio, 1.30 [CI, 1.02 to 1.59]). The risk for incident AIRD was higher with more severe acute COVID-19. Similar patterns were observed in the Japanese cohort. Referral bias due to the pandemic; residual confounding. SARS-CoV-2 infection was associated with increased risk for incident AIRD compared with matched patients without SARS-CoV-2 infection or with influenza infection. The risk for incident AIRD was higher with greater severity of acute COVID-19. National Research Foundation of Korea.

Sections du résumé

BACKGROUND UNASSIGNED
Some data suggest a higher incidence of diagnosis of autoimmune inflammatory rheumatic diseases (AIRDs) among patients with a history of COVID-19 compared with uninfected patients. However, these studies had methodological shortcomings.
OBJECTIVE UNASSIGNED
To investigate the effect of COVID-19 on long-term risk for incident AIRD over various follow-up periods.
DESIGN UNASSIGNED
Binational, longitudinal, propensity-matched cohort study.
SETTING UNASSIGNED
Nationwide claims-based databases in South Korea (K-COV-N cohort) and Japan (JMDC cohort).
PARTICIPANTS UNASSIGNED
10 027 506 Korean and 12 218 680 Japanese patients aged 20 years or older, including those with COVID-19 between 1 January 2020 and 31 December 2021, matched to patients with influenza infection and to uninfected control patients.
MEASUREMENTS UNASSIGNED
The primary outcome was onset of AIRD (per appropriate codes from the International Classification of Diseases, 10th Revision) 1, 6, and 12 months after COVID-19 or influenza infection or the respective matched index date of uninfected control patients.
RESULTS UNASSIGNED
Between 2020 and 2021, among the 10 027 506 Korean participants (mean age, 48.4 years [SD, 13.4]; 50.1% men), 394 274 (3.9%) and 98 596 (0.98%) had a history of COVID-19 or influenza, respectively. After propensity score matching, beyond the first 30 days after infection, patients with COVID-19 were at increased risk for incident AIRD compared with uninfected patients (adjusted hazard ratio, 1.25 [95% CI, 1.18 to 1.31]) and influenza-infected control patients (adjusted hazard ratio, 1.30 [CI, 1.02 to 1.59]). The risk for incident AIRD was higher with more severe acute COVID-19. Similar patterns were observed in the Japanese cohort.
LIMITATIONS UNASSIGNED
Referral bias due to the pandemic; residual confounding.
CONCLUSION UNASSIGNED
SARS-CoV-2 infection was associated with increased risk for incident AIRD compared with matched patients without SARS-CoV-2 infection or with influenza infection. The risk for incident AIRD was higher with greater severity of acute COVID-19.
PRIMARY FUNDING SOURCE UNASSIGNED
National Research Foundation of Korea.

Identifiants

DOI: 10.7326/M23-1831 PMID: 38437702
pubmed: 38437702
doi: 10.7326/M23-1831
doi:

Types de publication

Journal Article

Langues

eng

Sous-ensembles de citation

IM

Pagination

291-302

Auteurs

Min Seo Kim (MS)

Medical and Population Genetics and Cardiovascular Disease Initiative, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts (M.S.K.).
ORCID: 0000-0003-2115-7835

Hayeon Lee (H)

Department of Biomedical Engineering, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, South Korea, and Center for Digital Health, Medical Science Research Institute, Kyung Hee University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea (H.L.).
ORCID: 0009-0000-2403-6241

Seung Won Lee (SW)

Department of Precision Medicine, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon, South Korea (S.W.L.).
ORCID: 0000-0001-5632-5208

Rosie Kwon (R)

Center for Digital Health, Medical Science Research Institute, Kyung Hee University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea (R.K., C.M.).
ORCID: 0000-0001-5422-4446

Sang Youl Rhee (SY)

Center for Digital Health, Medical Science Research Institute, Kyung Hee University College of Medicine, and Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Kyung Hee University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea (S.Y.R.).
ORCID: 0000-0003-0119-5818

Jin A Lee (JA)

Department of Biomedical Engineering, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, South Korea (J.A.L., J.L.).

Ai Koyanagi (A)

Research and Development Unit, Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Deu, Barcelona, Spain (A.K.).

Lee Smith (L)

Centre for Health, Performance and Wellbeing, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge, United Kingdom (L.S.).
ORCID: 0000-0002-5340-9833

Guillaume Fond (G)

Research Centre on Health Services and Quality of Life, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Marseille, Aix Marseille University, Marseille, France (G.F., L.B.).
ORCID: 0000-0003-3249-2030

Laurent Boyer (L)

Research Centre on Health Services and Quality of Life, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Marseille, Aix Marseille University, Marseille, France (G.F., L.B.).

Jinseok Lee (J)

Department of Biomedical Engineering, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, South Korea (J.A.L., J.L.).
ORCID: 0000-0002-8580-490X

Masoud Rahmati (M)

Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Faculty of Literature and Human Sciences, Lorestan University, Khorramabad, Iran, and Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Faculty of Literature and Humanities, Vali-e-Asr University of Rafsanjan, Rafsanjan, Iran (M.R.).
ORCID: 0000-0003-4792-027X

Ju-Young Shin (JY)

School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, South Korea (J.-Y.S.).
ORCID: 0000-0003-1010-7525

Chanyang Min (C)

Center for Digital Health, Medical Science Research Institute, Kyung Hee University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea (R.K., C.M.).
ORCID: 0000-0002-0629-9299

Jae Il Shin (JI)

Department of Pediatrics, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea (J.I.S.).
ORCID: 0000-0003-2326-1820

Dong Keon Yon (DK)

Center for Digital Health, Medical Science Research Institute, Kyung Hee University College of Medicine; Department of Pediatrics, Kyung Hee University Medical Center, Kyung Hee University College of Medicine; and Department of Regulatory Science, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea (D.K.Y.).
ORCID: 0000-0003-1628-9948

Classifications MeSH