Animal trypanosomosis eliminated in a major livestock production region in Senegal following the eradication of a tsetse population.
Trypanosomose animale éliminée dans une importante région de production d’élevage au Sénégal suite à l’éradication d’une population de glossines.
Case-control study
Eradication
Seroprevalence
Sterile insect technique
Trypanosome
Journal
Parasite (Paris, France)
ISSN: 1776-1042
Titre abrégé: Parasite
Pays: France
ID NLM: 9437094
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
2024
2024
Historique:
received:
26
05
2023
accepted:
08
02
2024
medline:
7
3
2024
pubmed:
7
3
2024
entrez:
7
3
2024
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
African animal trypanosomosis (AAT) was one of the main disease-related constraints to the development of intensive livestock production systems in the Niayes region of Senegal, a 30 km wide strip of land along the coast between Dakar and Saint-Louis. To overcome this constraint, the Government of Senegal initiated an area-wide integrated pest management programme combining chemical control tactics with the sterile insect technique to eradicate a population of the tsetse fly Glossina palpalis gambiensis Vanderplank, 1949 (Diptera, Glossinidae) in this area. The project was implemented following a phased conditional approach, and the target area was divided into three blocks treated sequentially. This study aims to assess the temporal dynamics of the prevalence of Trypanosoma spp. during the implementation of this programme. Between 2009 and 2022, 4,359 blood samples were collected from cattle and screened for trypanosomes using both the buffy coat and ELISA techniques, and PCR tests since 2020. The seroprevalence decreased from 18.9% (95%CI: 11.2-26.5) in 2009 to 0% in 2017-2022 in block 1, and from 92.9% (95%CI: 88.2-97) in 2010 to 0% in 2021 in block 2. The parasitological and serological data confirm the entomological monitoring results, i.e., that there is a high probability that the population of G. p. gambiensis has been eradicated from the Niayes and that the transmission of AAT has been interrupted in the treated area. These results indicate the effectiveness of the adopted approach and show that AAT can be sustainably removed through the creation of a zone free of G. p. gambiensis. Trypanosomose animale éliminée dans une importante région de production d’élevage au Sénégal suite à l’éradication d’une population de glossines. La trypanosomose animale africaine (TAA) était l’une des principales contraintes pathologiques au développement de systèmes de production animale intensifs dans les Niayes du Sénégal, une bande de terre large de 30 km longeant la côte entre Dakar et Saint-Louis. Pour surmonter cette contrainte, le Gouvernement du Sénégal a lancé un programme de lutte intégrée à l’échelle de la zone combinant lutte chimique et technique de l’insecte stérile pour éradiquer une population de Glossina palpalis gambiensis Vanderplank, 1949 (Diptera, Glossinidae). Le projet a été mis en œuvre selon une approche conditionnelle progressive, et la zone cible a été divisée en trois blocs, traités de manière séquentielle. L’objectif de cette étude était d’évaluer la dynamique temporelle de la prévalence de Trypanosoma spp. au cours de la mise en œuvre du programme. Entre 2009 et 2022, 4 359 échantillons de sang ont été prélevés sur des bovins et ont fait l’objet d’un dépistage des trypanosomes à l’aide des techniques du buffy-coat et ELISA, ainsi que de test PCR depuis 2020. Dans le bloc 1, la séroprévalence est passée de 18,9 % (IC 95 % : 11,2–26,5) en 2009 à 0 % entre 2017–2022 et de 92,9 % (IC 95 % : 88,2-97) en 2010 à 0 % en 2021 pour le block 2. Les données parasitologiques et sérologiques confirment les résultats du suivi entomologique selon lesquels il est très probable que la population de Glossina palpalis gambiensis soit éradiquée des Niayes, et que la transmission de la TAA a été interrompue dans la zone traitée. Elles indiquent l’efficacité de l’approche adoptée, et montrent que la TAA peut être durablement éliminée grâce à la création d’une zone exempte de G. p. gambiensis.
Autres résumés
Type: Publisher
(fre)
Trypanosomose animale éliminée dans une importante région de production d’élevage au Sénégal suite à l’éradication d’une population de glossines.
Identifiants
pubmed: 38450717
doi: 10.1051/parasite/2024010
pii: parasite230075
doi:
Types de publication
Journal Article
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
11Subventions
Organisme : International Atomic Energy Agency
ID : SEN5040
Organisme : International Atomic Energy Agency
ID : SEN5029
Organisme : International Atomic Energy Agency
ID : SEN5031
Organisme : International Atomic Energy Agency
ID : SEN5033
Organisme : International Atomic Energy Agency
ID : SEN5036
Informations de copyright
© M.T. Seck et al., published by EDP Sciences, 2024.
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