Radioiodine whole body scan pitfalls in differentiated thyroid cancer.
Differentiated thyroid carcinoma
False positive uptake
Pitfalls
Radioiodine whole body scan
Journal
Endocrine
ISSN: 1559-0100
Titre abrégé: Endocrine
Pays: United States
ID NLM: 9434444
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
18 Mar 2024
18 Mar 2024
Historique:
received:
29
01
2024
accepted:
17
02
2024
medline:
19
3
2024
pubmed:
19
3
2024
entrez:
18
3
2024
Statut:
aheadofprint
Résumé
whole body scan (WBS) performed following diagnostic or therapeutic administration of I-131 is useful in patients with differentiated thyroid carcinoma. However, it can be falsely positive in various circumstances. We aimed to report a series of pitfalls in a clinical perspective. A search in the database PubMed utilizing the following terms: "false radioiodine uptake" and "false positive iodine 131 scan" has been made in January 2023. Among the 346 studies screened, 230 were included in this review, with a total of 370 cases collected. Physiological uptakes were excluded. For each patient, sex, age, dose of I-131 administered, region and specific organ of uptake and cause of false uptake were evaluated. 370 cases of false radioiodine uptake were reported, 19.1% in the head-neck region, 34.2% in the chest, 14.8% in the abdomen, 20.8% in the pelvis, and 11.1% in the soft tissues and skeletal system. The origin of false radioiodine uptake was referred to non-tumoral diseases in 205/370 cases (55.1%), benign tumors in 108/370 cases (29.5%), malignant tumors in 25/370 cases (6.7%), and other causes in 32/370 cases (8.7%). WBS is useful in the follow-up of patients with differentiated thyroid carcinoma, however it can be falsely positive in various circumstances. For this reason, it is critically important to correlate the scintigraphic result with patient's medical history, serum thyroglobulin levels, additional imaging studies and cytologic and/or histologic result.
Identifiants
pubmed: 38498129
doi: 10.1007/s12020-024-03754-y
pii: 10.1007/s12020-024-03754-y
doi:
Types de publication
Journal Article
Review
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Informations de copyright
© 2024. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature.
Références
B.R. Haugen et al. 2015 American Thyroid Association management guidelines for adult patients with thyroid nodules and differentiated thyroid cancer: the American Thyroid Association guidelines task force on thyroid nodules and differentiated thyroid cancer. Thyroid 26, 1–133 (2016)
pubmed: 26462967
pmcid: 4739132
doi: 10.1089/thy.2015.0020
V. Triggiani et al. False positive diagnosis on (131)iodine whole-body scintigraphy of differentiated thyroid cancers. Endocrine 53, 626–635 (2016)
pubmed: 26499192
doi: 10.1007/s12020-015-0750-3
A. Oral, B. Yazıcı, C. Eraslan, Z. Burak, Unexpected false-positive i-131 uptake in patients with differentiated thyroid carcinoma. Mol. Imaging. Radionucl. Ther. 27, 99–106 (2018)
pubmed: 30317832
pmcid: 6191736
doi: 10.4274/mirt.37450
J.-R. Oh, B.-C. Ahn, False-positive uptake on radioiodine whole-body scintigraphy: physiologic and pathologic variants unrelated to thyroid cancer. Am. J. Nucl. Med Mol. Imaging. 2, 362–385 (2012)
pubmed: 23133823
pmcid: 3477738
R. Ciappuccini et al. Radioiodine sinus uptake related to mucosal thickening or aspergilloma: a case series of an unrecognized event well evidenced by SPECT/CT. Cancer Imaging 17, 1–6 (2017)
doi: 10.1186/s40644-016-0105-1
S.M. Bakheet, M.M. Hammami, J. Powe, S. Larsson, Radioiodine uptake in the head and neck. Endocr. Pract. 6, 37–41 (2000)
pubmed: 11419926
doi: 10.4158/EP.6.1.37
J.J. Duque et al. False-positive I-131 whole-body scan in follicular thyroid carcinoma caused by frontal sinus mucocele. Clin. Nucl. Med. 25, 137–138 (2000)
pubmed: 10656653
doi: 10.1097/00003072-200002000-00014
S.M. Bakheet, J. Powe, M.M. Hammami, Radioiodine uptake in the chest. J. Nucl. Med. 38, 984–986 (1997)
pubmed: 9189156
Y.B. Garger, M. Winfeld, K. Friedman, M. Blum, In thyroidectomized thyroid cancer patients, false-positive I-131 whole body scans are often caused by inflammation rather than thyroid cancer. J. Investig. Med. High Impact Case Rep. 4, 2324709616633715 (2016)
pubmed: 26977418
pmcid: 4776247
P.O. Kara, E.C. Gunay, A. Erdogan, Radioiodine contamination artifacts and unusual patterns of accumulation in whole-body I-131 imaging: a case series. Int. J. Endocrinol. Metab. 12, e9329 (2014)
doi: 10.5812/ijem.9329
S.S. Wadhwa, R. Mansberg, Benign oral disease as a cause of false-positive iodine-131 scans. Clin. Nucl. Med. 23, 747–749 (1998)
pubmed: 9814561
doi: 10.1097/00003072-199811000-00005
S. Kim, C.H. Park, S.N. Yoon, K. Hwang, A false-positive I-131 whole-body scan in chronic parotitis: a case report. Clin. Nucl. Med. 26, 536–537 (2001)
pubmed: 11353302
doi: 10.1097/00003072-200106000-00011
M.R. Carlisle, I.R. McDougall, Dramatic parotid uptake of I-131 on a diagnostic whole-body scan. Clin. Nucl. Med. 25, 895–897 (2000)
pubmed: 11079586
doi: 10.1097/00003072-200011000-00007
D.I. Glazer et al. SPECT/CT evaluation of unusual physiologic radioiodine biodistributions: pearls and pitfalls in image interpretation. Radiographics 33, 397–418 (2013)
pubmed: 23479704
doi: 10.1148/rg.332125051
I.S. Kolla, N.P. Alazraki, N.B. Watts, Sialadenitis mimicking metastatic thyroid carcinoma. Clin. Nucl. Med. 14, 564–566 (1989)
pubmed: 2805535
doi: 10.1097/00003072-198908000-00002
M. Zhang, Y. Zhang, W. Huang, B. Li, False-positive 131I uptake by the temporomandibular joint effusion. Clin. Nucl. Med. 38, 823–825 (2013)
pubmed: 24107815
doi: 10.1097/RLU.0b013e3182a20dbf
D. Giuffrida, M.C. Fornito, G. Pellegriti, C. Regalbuto, G. Vigneri, False positive 131I total body scan due to bilateral polycystic renal disease. J. Endocrinol. Investig. 20, 342–344 (1997)
doi: 10.1007/BF03350315
S.C. Ong, D.N.C. Eng, F.X. Sundram, L.L. Chan, A novel case of false-positive I-131 whole-body scan in thyroid carcinoma caused by subdural hematoma. Clin. Nucl. Med. 29, 164–166 (2004)
pubmed: 15162985
doi: 10.1097/01.rlu.0000113853.76094.d0
M. Lee, Y.K. Lee, T.J. Jeon, C.S. Park, Y.H. Ryu, 131I uptake in intraosseous hemangioma of the skull: mimicking a bone metastasis in thyroid cancer. Clin. Nucl. Med. 39, 990–992 (2014)
pubmed: 24978336
doi: 10.1097/RLU.0000000000000467
H. Wolff, D.J. Breda, N. Da Silva, A.A. Hartmann, False-positive I-131 deposition in a parotid gland duct ectasia. Clin. Nucl. Med. 23, 257–259 (1998)
pubmed: 9554209
doi: 10.1097/00003072-199804000-00023
M.S. Kipper, L.D. Krohn, Increased submandibular gland uptake on thyroid scintigraphy due to Wharton’s duct stone. Clin. Nucl. Med. 21, 881 (1996)
pubmed: 8922854
doi: 10.1097/00003072-199611000-00014
S. Yuoness, I. Rachinsky, A.A. Driedger, T.Z. Belhocine, Differentiated thyroid cancer with epiphora: detection of nasolacrimal duct obstruction on I-131 SPECT/CT. Clin. Nucl. Med. 36, 1149–1152 (2011)
pubmed: 22064099
doi: 10.1097/RLU.0b013e3182336016
N. Filizoğlu, K. Öksüzoğlu, S. Özgüven, O. Buğdaycı, T.Y. Erdil, Nasolacrimal duct obstruction on 131I SPECT/CT: atypical false-positive paranasal radioiodine uptake as a complication of single-dose RAI treatment. Mol. Imaging Radionucl. Ther. 31, 234–236 (2022)
pubmed: 36268911
pmcid: 9585996
doi: 10.4274/mirt.galenos.2021.68926
S. Ilgan, Y. Narin, N. Arslan, A. Aksu, H. Bayhan, Warthin’s tumor and I-131 body scan. Clin. Nucl. Med. 24, 721–722 (1999)
pubmed: 10478764
doi: 10.1097/00003072-199909000-00029
M. Caglar, M. Tuncel, A. Usubutun, Increased uptake on I-131 whole-body scintigraphy in Warthin tumor despite false-negative Tc-99m pertechnetate salivary gland scintigraphy. Clin. Nucl. Med. 28, 945–946 (2003)
pubmed: 14578721
doi: 10.1097/01.rlu.0000093316.56231.91
Y. Zhang, S. Minoshima, SPECT/CT demonstrating 131I retention in Warthin tumor on thyroid cancer survey scan. Clin. Nucl. Med. 38, e372–e373 (2013)
pubmed: 23579981
doi: 10.1097/RLU.0b013e3182817ac5
H. Broekhuizen-de Gast, H. van Isselt, M. Roef, M. Lam, Oncocytoma of the parotid gland causing false-positive result on I-131 whole-body scintigraphy. Clin. Nucl. Med. 36, 701–703 (2011)
pubmed: 21716026
doi: 10.1097/RLU.0b013e318217a65f
A.V. Chudgar, J.C. Shah, Pictorial review of false-positive results on radioiodine scintigrams of patients with differentiated thyroid cancer. Radiographics 37, 298–315 (2017)
pubmed: 28076008
doi: 10.1148/rg.2017160074
Q. Jia et al. Retrospective imaging study on the diagnosis of pathological false positive iodine-131 scans in patients with thyroid cancer. Exp. Ther. Med. 10, 1995–2001 (2015)
pubmed: 26640586
pmcid: 4665989
doi: 10.3892/etm.2015.2744
P. RA et al. Uptake of 131I by a papillary meningioma. AJR. Am. J. Roentgenol. 129, 349–350 (1977)
doi: 10.2214/ajr.129.2.349
P. Sinha, G.R. Conrad, M. Holzhauer, Incidental detection of a falx meningioma on post-therapy radioiodide whole-body imaging. Clin. Nucl. Med. 27, 916–917 (2002)
pubmed: 12607886
doi: 10.1097/00003072-200212000-00025
B.J. Noordman, E. Comans, P. Lips, R.N. Rinkel, False-positive uptake of 124I in a laryngeal cyst mimicking thyroid remnant after thyroidectomy and 131i therapy for follicular thyroid carcinoma. Clin. Nucl. Med. 39, 898–899 (2014)
pubmed: 24561682
doi: 10.1097/RLU.0000000000000360
R.M. García-Moreno et al. Orbital radioiodine uptake on scintigraphy in a patient with thyroid cancer. Eur. Thyroid J. 8, 221–224 (2019)
pubmed: 31602366
pmcid: 6738140
doi: 10.1159/000499911
C. Naik, S. Basu, Mucoepidermoid parotid gland tumor found on follow-up radioiodine scan for differentiated papillary thyroid cancer. J. Nucl. Med. Technol. 45, 116–118 (2017)
pubmed: 28408701
doi: 10.2967/jnmt.117.190777
G.A. Kirk, E.E. Schulz, Post-laryngectomy localization of I-131 at tracheostomy site on a total body scan. Clin. Nucl. Med. 9, 409–411 (1984)
pubmed: 6467764
doi: 10.1097/00003072-198407000-00011
K.B. Ain, W.J. Shih, False-positive I-131 uptake at a tracheostomy site. Discernment with Tl-201 imaging. Clin. Nucl. Med. 19, 619–621 (1994)
pubmed: 7924106
doi: 10.1097/00003072-199407000-00014
T. Thientunyakit, False-positive 131I whole-body scan in well-differentiated thyroid cancer patient with respiratory bronchiolitis. Clin. Nucl. Med. 38, 730–734 (2013)
pubmed: 23510883
doi: 10.1097/RLU.0b013e318286bbfa
A.P. Demidowich, A. Kundu, J.C. Reynolds, F.S. Celi, False-positive radioactive iodine uptake mimicking miliary lung metastases in a patient affected by papillary thyroid cancer and IgA deficiency. Nucl. Med. Mol. Imaging 50, 270–272 (2016)
pubmed: 27540434
doi: 10.1007/s13139-015-0375-8
F. Calabria et al. 131I Uptake in bronchiectasis detected by single photon emission computed tomography/computed tomography during follow-up of thyroid cancer. Indian J. Nucl. Med. 34, 235–236 (2019)
pubmed: 31293308
pmcid: 6593953
doi: 10.4103/ijnm.IJNM_157_18
B. Yazici, A. Oral, Ş. Alçiçek, I. Tamsel, A. Akgün, False-positive I-131 uptakes at pulmonary wedge-resection site and soft tissue lateral to the femoral heads in a patient with papillary thyroid carcinoma. Mol. Imaging Radionucl. Ther. 28, 34–37 (2019)
pubmed: 30942061
pmcid: 6455102
doi: 10.4274/mirt.galenos.2018.09821
R. Espírito Santo, P. Marques, M. João Bugalho, False-positive uptake on radioiodine whole-body scan due to bronchiectasis. BMJ Case Rep. 2015, bcr2015213169 (2015)
pubmed: 26561230
pmcid: 4654014
doi: 10.1136/bcr-2015-213169
C. Jia, R. Moadel, L.M. Freeman, Focal thoracic uptake mimicking lung metastasis on 131I post-therapy whole-body scan in patients with thyroid carcinoma. Clin. Nucl. Med. 39, 360–362 (2014)
pubmed: 24598344
doi: 10.1097/RLU.0b013e31829959ce
A. Gargya, E. Chua, Focal bronchiectasis causing abnormal pulmonary radioiodine uptake in a patient with well-differentiated papillary thyroid carcinoma. Case Rep. Endocrinol. 2012, 1–3 (2012)
doi: 10.1155/2012/452758
I. Jong, K. Taubman, S. Schlicht, Bronchiectasis simulating pulmonary metastases on iodine-131 scintigraphy in well-differentiated thyroid carcinoma. Clin. Nucl. Med. 30, 688–689 (2005)
pubmed: 16166845
doi: 10.1097/01.rlu.0000178242.69075.64
L. Buton et al. False-positive iodine-131 whole-body scan findings in patients with differentiated thyroid carcinoma: report of 11 cases and review of the literature. Ann. Endocrinol. 74, 221–230 (2013)
doi: 10.1016/j.ando.2013.05.007
H.C. Song, Y.J. Heo, S.M. Kim, H.S. Bom, Iodine-131 uptake in focal bronchiectasis mimicking metastatic thyroid cancer. Clin. Nucl. Med. 28, 351–352 (2003)
pubmed: 12642729
doi: 10.1097/01.RLU.0000057622.08265.54
T. Mack, J. Miller, E. Silverman, Single-photon emission computed tomography/computed tomography iodine-131 uptake of bronchiectasis masquerading as metastatic thryroid disease. Indian J. Nucl. Med. 30, 292–293 (2015)
pubmed: 26170584
pmcid: 4479930
doi: 10.4103/0972-3919.158555
V. Triggiani, M. Moschetta, V.A. Giagulli, B. Licchelli, E. Guastamacchia, Diffuse 131I lung uptake in bronchiectasis: a potential pitfall in the follow-up of differentiated thyroid carcinoma. Thyroid 22, 1287–1290 (2012)
pubmed: 23067330
doi: 10.1089/thy.2011.0439
R. Hoschl, D.H.L. Choy, B. Gandevia, Iodine-131 uptake in inflammatory lung disease: a potential pitfall in treatment of thyroid carcinoma. J. Nucl. Med. 29, 701–706 (1988)
pubmed: 3373306
S.M. Bakheet, M.M. Hammami, J. Powe, M. Bazarbashi, H. Al Suhaibani, Radioiodine uptake in inactive pulmonary tuberculosis. Eur. J. Nucl. Med. 26, 659–662 (1999)
pubmed: 10369953
doi: 10.1007/s002590050435
R. Ranade, S. Pawar, A. Mahajan, S. Basu, Unusual false positive radioiodine uptake on (131)I whole body scintigraphy in three unrelated organs with different pathologies in patients of differentiated thyroid carcinoma: a case series. World J. Nucl. Med. 15, 137–141 (2016)
pubmed: 27134566
pmcid: 4809156
doi: 10.4103/1450-1147.176884
M.K. Picolos, M. Habra, A. Safdar, N.J. Sarlis, Inactive pulmonary tuberculosis mimicking metastasis from papillary thyroid carcinoma in diagnostic radioiodine whole-body scintigraphy. Thyroid 15, 1105–1106 (2005)
pubmed: 16187924
doi: 10.1089/thy.2005.15.1105
J.S. Pina et al. Inflammatory diseases of the lung causing false-positive 131iodine whole body scans in the evaluation of papillary thyroid carcinoma. Two case reports. Chest 110, 565–567 (1996)
pubmed: 8697869
doi: 10.1378/chest.110.2.565
B.C. Ahn, S.W. Lee, J. Lee, C. Kim, Pulmonary aspergilloma mimicking metastasis from papillary thyroid cancer. Thyroid 21, 555–558 (2011)
pubmed: 21449768
doi: 10.1089/thy.2010.0448
K.K. Karuppusamy, J. Antony, E.R. Radhakrishnan, A.S. Shinto, Image findings of a false positive radioactive iodine-131 uptake mimicking metastasis in pulmonary aspergillosis identified on single photon emission computed tomography-computed tomography. J. Cancer Res. Ther. 11, 656 (2015)
pubmed: 26458651
doi: 10.4103/0973-1482.139271
C.F. Nava et al. Reappraising the diagnostic accuracy of post-treatment whole-body scans for differentiated thyroid carcinoma. Horm. Metab. Res. 52, 834–840 (2020)
pubmed: 32750721
doi: 10.1055/a-1212-8594
D. Posocco, B. Kamat, S. Dadparvar, False-positive 123I-uptake mimics metastatic lung disease in a patient with interstitial lung disease secondary to scleroderma. Clin. Nucl. Med. 47, 79–80 (2022)
pubmed: 34284476
doi: 10.1097/RLU.0000000000003825
K. Licht, C. Kroegel, K. Katenkamp, M. Freesmeyer, Anthracofibrosis manifesting as false-positive iodine accumulation in a patient with recent history of thyroid carcinoma. Clin. Nucl. Med. 41, 336–337 (2016)
pubmed: 26571446
doi: 10.1097/RLU.0000000000001074
E.G. Spinapolice et al. Pulmonary sequestration: a (131)I whole body scintigraphy false-positive result. Ann. Nucl. Med. 28, 683–687 (2014)
pubmed: 24658773
doi: 10.1007/s12149-014-0838-5
M. Lejeune et al. [Iodine 131 uptake by a bronchogenic cyst in a patient with differentiated carcinoma of the thyroid gland]. Presse Med. 29, 1345–1347 (2000)
pubmed: 10938686
W. Langsteger et al. False-positive radioiodine uptake in lung carcinoma [7]. J. Nucl. Med. 35, 2056–2057 (1994)
pubmed: 7989996
W. Langsteger, P. Lind, P. Költringer, A. Beham, O. Eber, Misinterpretation of iodine uptake in papillary thyroid carcinoma and primary lung adenocarcinoma. J. Cancer Res. Clin. Oncol. 116, 8–12 (1990)
pubmed: 2312607
doi: 10.1007/BF01612632
Y.L. Lu et al. Primary lung cancer with radioiodine avidity: a thyroid cancer cohort study. World J. Clin. cases 9, 71–80 (2021)
pubmed: 33511173
pmcid: 7809679
doi: 10.12998/wjcc.v9.i1.71
M. Fernandez Ulloa, H.R. Maxon, S. Mehta, L.J. Sholiton, Iodine 131 uptake by primary lung adenocarcinoma: misinterpretation of 131I scan. JAMA J. Am. Med. Assoc. 236, 857–858 (1976)
doi: 10.1001/jama.1976.03270080039030
B.G. Haubold-Reuter, U. Landolt, G.K.V. Schulthess, Bronchogenic carcinoma mimicking metastatic thyroid carcinoma. J. Nucl. Med. 34, 809–811 (1993)
pubmed: 8478715
T. Misaki et al. Radioiodine uptake by squamous-cell carcinoma of the lung. J. Nucl. Med. 35, 474–475 (1994)
pubmed: 8113901
G. Malhotra et al. Bronchoalveolar carcinoma of lung masquerading as iodine avid metastasis in a patient with minimally invasive follicular carcinoma of thyroid. Clin. Nucl. Med. 33, 26–29 (2008)
pubmed: 18097252
doi: 10.1097/RLU.0b013e31815c50a8
J. Acosta, R. Chitkara, F. Khan, V. Azueta, L. Silver, Radioactive iodine uptake by a large cell undifferentiated bronchogenic carcinoma. Clin. Nucl. Med. 7, 368–369 (1982)
pubmed: 7105602
doi: 10.1097/00003072-198208000-00005
M.H. Sohn et al. Radioiodine uptake by metastatic nonthyroidal adenocarcinoma of the lung in a patient with papillary thyroid carcinoma. Clin. Nucl. Med. 30, 269–270 (2005)
pubmed: 15764888
doi: 10.1097/01.rlu.0000156380.03861.bb
I.F. Ruel et al. Pulmonary metastasis of struma ovarii: a case report. Clin. Nucl. Med. 35, 692–694 (2010)
pubmed: 20706043
doi: 10.1097/RLU.0b013e3181e9fb1b
C. Nascimento, B. Bridji, C. Dejax, M. Schlumberger, S. Leboulleux, Thoracic 131I uptake after previous pneumonectomy in patients treated for differentiated thyroid cancer. Clin. Nucl. Med. 37, 587–590 (2012)
pubmed: 22614193
doi: 10.1097/RLU.0b013e3182485146
S.Y. Naddaf, M.F. Akisik, W.S. Omar, I. Young, H.M. Abdel-Dayem, I-123 uptake in the chest wall after needle biopsy of a pulmonary nodule. A cause for false-positive I-123 uptake. Clin. Nucl. Med. 22, 572–573 (1997)
pubmed: 9262915
doi: 10.1097/00003072-199708000-00021
A. Abhyankar, S. Basu, Thymus uptake of 131I in patients with differentiated thyroid carcinoma: Three different case scenarios and patterns of uptake and the importance of its recognition in thyroid cancer practice. J. Cancer Res. Ther. 11, 648 (2015)
pubmed: 26458613
doi: 10.4103/0973-1482.143360
M. Haghighatafshar, F. Farhoudi, Incidentally visualization of the thymus on whole-body iodine scintigraphy: report of 2 cases and review of the latest insights. Medicine 94, e1015 (2015)
pubmed: 26131804
pmcid: 4504571
doi: 10.1097/MD.0000000000001015
M.E. Mello, R.C. Flamini, R. Corbo, M. Mamede, Radioiodine concentration by the thymus in differentiated thyroid carcinoma: report of five cases. Arq. Bras. Endocrinol. Metabol. 53, 874–879 (2009)
pubmed: 19942990
doi: 10.1590/S0004-27302009000700012
M. Salvatori, I. Saletnich, V. Rufini, L. Troncone, Unusual false-positive radioiodine whole-body scans in patients with differentiated thyroid carcinoma. Clin. Nucl. Med. 22, 380–384 (1997)
pubmed: 9193808
doi: 10.1097/00003072-199706000-00007
I.E. Veronikis, S. Peter, L.E. Braverman, Thymic uptake of Iodine-131 in the anterior mediastinum. J. Nucl. Med. 37, 991–992 (1996)
pubmed: 8683329
T. Michigishi et al. Visualization of the thymus with therapeutic doses of radioiodine in patients with thyroid cancer. Eur. J. Nucl. Med. 20, 75–79 (1993)
pubmed: 8267685
doi: 10.1007/BF02261249
F. Vermiglio et al. Iodine concentration by the thymus in thyroid carcinoma. J. Nucl. Med. 37, 1830–1831 (1996)
pubmed: 8917186
J.P. Muratet, P. Giraud, Thymus accumulation of I-131 after therapeutic dose for thyroid carcinoma. Clin. Nucl. Med. 21, 736–737 (1996)
pubmed: 8879880
doi: 10.1097/00003072-199609000-00016
A. Serafini, G. Sfakianakis, M. Georgiou, J. Morris, Breast cyst simulating metastases on iodine-131 imaging in thyroid carcinoma. J. Nucl. Med. 39, 1910–1912 (1998)
pubmed: 9829582
G. Malhotra, S.H. Moghe, R. Ranade, R.R.V. Asopa, An unusual false-positive uptake of radioiodine in pericardial effusion on posttherapy scan. Clin. Nucl. Med. 41, 568–569 (2016)
pubmed: 27055143
doi: 10.1097/RLU.0000000000001223
O. Geatti, B. Shapiro, P.G. Orsolon, R. Mirolo, A. Di Donna, An unusual false-positive scan in a patient with pericardial effusion. Clin. Nucl. Med. 19, 678–682 (1994)
pubmed: 7955744
doi: 10.1097/00003072-199408000-00006
M.M. Maslack, C.A. Wilson, Iodine-131 accumulation in a pericardial effusion. J. Nucl. Med. 28, 133 (1987)
pubmed: 3794806
T.H. Tan, S.Z.A. Hassan, A rare case of isolated pericardial effusion detected by SPECT/CT on a post-therapeutic radioiodine whole-body scan. Nucl. Med. Mol. Imaging 49, 246–247 (2015)
pubmed: 26279701
pmcid: 4532680
doi: 10.1007/s13139-015-0330-8
D. Peng, F. Shao, Even small pleural effusion could be potential pitfall on posttherapeutic 131I scintigraphy. Clin. Nucl. Med. 45, 925–926 (2020)
pubmed: 32969899
doi: 10.1097/RLU.0000000000003267
O. Bourogianni et al. Pleuropericardial cyst mimicking a metastasis of differentiated thyroid carcinoma on whole-body iodine-131 scan: a case report. Nucl. Med. Mol. Imaging 53, 361–365 (2019)
pubmed: 31723367
pmcid: 6821899
doi: 10.1007/s13139-019-00604-y
C. Francese et al. Iodine 131 uptake in a pleuropericardial cyst: case report of a false-positive radioiodine total body scan result in a patient with a thyroid cancer. Eur. J. Nucl. Med. 18, 779–780 (1991)
pubmed: 1936053
doi: 10.1007/BF00956720
D.T. Mason, R.L. Frye, H.N. Wagner, Radioisotope scanning of the precordial distribution of iodide in patients with myocardial infarction. Circulation 24, 1338–1341 (1961)
pubmed: 14470839
doi: 10.1161/01.CIR.24.6.1338
F. Dreyfuss, M. Ben-Porath, J. Menczel, Radioiodine uptake by the infarcted heart. Am. J. Cardiol. 6, 237–245 (1960)
pubmed: 13818107
doi: 10.1016/0002-9149(60)90310-6
D.P. Greenler, H.A. Klein, The scope of false-positive iodine-131 images for thyroid carcinoma. Clin. Nucl. Med. 14, 111–117 (1989)
pubmed: 2731388
doi: 10.1097/00003072-198902000-00009
A. Sinha, K.M. Bradley, J. Steatham, A. Weaver, Asymmetric breast uptake of radioiodine in a patient with thyroid malignancy: metastases or not? J. R. Soc. Med. 101, 319–320 (2008)
pubmed: 18515780
pmcid: 2408632
doi: 10.1258/jrsm.2008.080040
I.R. McDougall, Whole-body scintigraphy with radioiodine-131. A comprehensive list of false-positives with some examples. Clin. Nucl. Med. 20, 869–875 (1995)
pubmed: 8616989
doi: 10.1097/00003072-199510000-00002
M.R. Carlisle, C. Lu, I.R. McDougall, The interpretation of 131I scans in the evaluation of thyroid cancer, with an emphasis on false positive findings. Nucl. Med. Commun. 24, 715–735 (2003)
pubmed: 12766609
doi: 10.1097/00006231-200306000-00015
T. Allen, P. Wiest, S. Vela, M. Hartshorne, L.A. Crooks, I-131 uptake in the breast for thyroid cancer surveillance with biopsy-proven benign tissue. Clin. Nucl. Med. 23, 585–587 (1998)
pubmed: 9735978
doi: 10.1097/00003072-199809000-00004
A. Ledwon, P. Soczomski, E. Paliczka-Cieslik, A. Blewaska, D. Handkiewicz-Junak, False-positive radioiodine uptake in breasts in a female haemodialysis patient. Nucl. Med. Rev. Cent. East. Eur. 24, 122–123 (2021)
pubmed: 34382683
doi: 10.5603/NMR.2021.0030
L.H. Hu, S.J. Wang, R.S. Liu, Hyperprolactinemia-related
pubmed: 22310272
doi: 10.1097/RLU.0b013e318233639d
R. Bruno et al. Sodium iodide symporter expression and radioiodine distribution in extrathyroidal tissues. J. Endocrinol. Invest. 27, 1010–1014 (2004)
pubmed: 15754731
doi: 10.1007/BF03345302
H.K. Shim, M.R. Kim, Incidental findings of intense radioiodine uptake in struma ovarii and bilateral nonlactating breasts simultaneously on postablation 131I SPECT/CT for papillary thyroid cancer. Nucl. Med. Mol. Imaging 50, 353–357 (2016)
pubmed: 27994692
pmcid: 5135701
doi: 10.1007/s13139-016-0459-0
M. Itani, D.H. Lewis, I-131 uptake in fat necrosis of the breast. Radiol. Case Rep. 12, 161–167 (2016)
pubmed: 28228903
pmcid: 5310263
doi: 10.1016/j.radcr.2016.10.018
Y. Wang, L. Jiang, Y. Xu, X. Zhang, B. Liu, An unusual false-positive uptake of radioiodine caused by breast implants. Clin. Nucl. Med. 47, 646–647 (2022)
pubmed: 35353751
doi: 10.1097/RLU.0000000000004165
M.M. McNamara, H.P. Tsang, Hiatal hernia with reflux resulting in false positive iodine-131 scan. Clin. Nucl. Med. 23, 178–179 (1998)
pubmed: 9509940
doi: 10.1097/00003072-199803000-00016
M. Haghighatafshar, F. Khajehrahimi, Hiatal hernia uptake of iodine-131 mimicking mediastinal metastasis of papillary thyroid carcinoma. Indian J. Nucl. Med. 30, 347–349 (2015)
pubmed: 26430323
pmcid: 4579624
doi: 10.4103/0972-3919.164020
L.L. Willis, R.J. Cowan, Mediastinal uptake of I-131 in a hiatal hernia mimicking recurrence of papillary thyroid carcinoma. Clin. Nucl. Med. 18, 961–963 (1993)
pubmed: 8269678
doi: 10.1097/00003072-199311000-00007
M. Freeman, P. Roach, B. Robinson, M. Shields, Hiatal hernia in iodine-131 scintigraphy: a potential cause of false-positive midline thoracic uptake. Clin. Nucl. Med. 28, 709–710 (2003)
pubmed: 12897670
doi: 10.1097/01.RLU.0000079663.56340.18
J.A. Schneider et al. Hiatal hernia on whole-body radioiodine survey mimicking metastatic thyroid cancer. Clin. Nucl. Med. 18, 751–753 (1993)
pubmed: 8403716
doi: 10.1097/00003072-199309000-00004
Y. Ho, R. Hicks, Hiatus hernia: a potential cause of false-positive iodine-131 scan in thyroid carcinoma. Clin. Nucl. Med. 23, 621–622 (1998)
pubmed: 9735991
doi: 10.1097/00003072-199809000-00017
F.J. García-Gómez et al. Intrathoracic stomach mimicking bone metastasis from thyroid cancer in whole-body iodine-131 scan diagnosed by SPECT/CT.Arch Endocrinol. Metab. 61, 288–290 (2017)
pubmed: 28225997
pmcid: 10118807
doi: 10.1590/2359-3997000000243
N. Nair, S. Basu, H. Parkhale, Unusual uptake of radioiodine in the chest in a patient with thyroid carcinoma. Br. J. Radiol. 77, 63–67 (2004)
pubmed: 14988142
doi: 10.1259/bjr/54722743
A. Ozdemir et al. Abnormal iodine-131 uptake in the mediastinum caused by achalasia. Clin. Nucl. Med. 23, 706–707 (1998)
pubmed: 9790053
doi: 10.1097/00003072-199810000-00017
H. Boulahdour, M. Meignan, D. Melliere, F. Braga, P. Galle, False-positive I-131 scan induced by Zenker’s diverticulum. Clin. Nucl. Med. 17, 243–244 (1992)
pubmed: 1611802
doi: 10.1097/00003072-199203000-00022
K. Rashid, W. Johns, K. Chasse, M. Walker, S.M. Gupta, Esophageal diverticulum presenting as metastatic thyroid mass on iodine-131 scintigraphy. Clin. Nucl. Med. 31, 405–408 (2006)
pubmed: 16785810
doi: 10.1097/01.rlu.0000222951.71713.06
L.M.M. Bares et al. I-131 visualization of thoracic aortic aneurysm after radioiodine administration for thyroid carcinoma. Clin. Nucl. Med. 33, 553–554 (2008)
doi: 10.1097/RLU.0b013e31817deb95
R.H. Caplan, G.A. Gundersen, R.M. Abellera, W.A. Kisken, Uptake of iodine-131 by a Meckel’s diverticulum mimicking metastatic thyroid cancer. Clin. Nucl. Med. 12, 760–762 (1987)
pubmed: 3665322
doi: 10.1097/00003072-198709000-00021
D.I. Glazer et al. SPECT/CT evaluation of unusual physiologic radioiodine biodistributions: pearls and pitfalls in image interpretation. Radiographics. 33, 397–418 (2013)
pubmed: 23479704
doi: 10.1148/rg.332125051
R.J. Zucker, Y.C. Bradley, M.O. Toney, R.S. Bridwell, Gastric volvulus detected with iodine-131 whole-body imaging. Clin. Nucl. Med. 25, 303–305 (2000)
pubmed: 10750979
doi: 10.1097/00003072-200004000-00020
Z.C. Hannoush, J.D. Palacios, R.A. Kuker, S. Casula, False positive findings on I-131 WBS and SPECT/CT in patients with history of thyroid cancer: case series. Case Rep. Endocrinol. 2017, 8568347 (2017)
pubmed: 28246564
pmcid: 5299196
F.J. Pena Pardo et al. Solitary focus in the liver in a thyroid cancer patient after a whole body scan with 131 iodine. Rev. Esp. Med. Nucl. 26, 294–296 (2007)
pubmed: 17910838
doi: 10.1157/13109144
Ö. Ömür et al. False-positive I-131 accumulation in a hepatic hydatid cyst. Clin. Nucl. Med. 32, 930–932 (2007)
pubmed: 18030043
doi: 10.1097/RLU.0b013e31815976b7
D.L. You, K.Y. Tzen, J.F. Chen, P.F. Kao, M.F. Tsai, False-positive whole-body iodine-131 scan due to intrahepatic duct dilatation. J. Nucl. Med. 38, 1977–1979 (1997)
pubmed: 9430480
V. Mohan, R.C. Jones, A.J. Drake, P.L. Daly, K.M.M. Shakir, Littoral cell angioma presenting as metastatic thyroid carcinoma to the spleen. Thyroid 15, 170–175 (2005)
pubmed: 15753678
doi: 10.1089/thy.2005.15.170
D.M. Achong, E. Oates, S.L. Lee, F.J. Doherty, Gallbladder visualization during post-therapy iodine-131 imaging of thyroid carcinoma. J. Nucl. Med. 32, 2275–2277 (1991)
pubmed: 1744714
F.J. Welte, R.H. Dann, J.P. Polga, L.E. Gianturco, Gallbladder visualization on I-131 post-ablative whole body imaging mimicking hepatic metastases. Radiol. Case Rep. 3, 180 (2015)
pubmed: 27303524
pmcid: 4896233
doi: 10.2484/rcr.v3i2.180
K. Ünal, Ö.Ü. Akdemir, Unexpected uptake by the gallbladder in post-ablative I-131 scan. Mol. Imaging Radionucl. Ther. 24, 85–86 (2015)
pubmed: 26316474
pmcid: 4563175
doi: 10.4274/mirt.57441
F. Brucker-Davis et al. False-positive iodine-131 whole-body scans due to cholecystitis and sebaceous cyst. J. Nucl. Med. 37, 1690–1693 (1996)
pubmed: 8862313
H.T. Turoglu, S. Naddaf, I. Young, H.M. Abdel-Dayem, Infected sebaceous cyst. A cause for false-positive total-body I-123 metastatic survey for thyroid cancer. Clin. Nucl. Med. 21, 887 (1996)
pubmed: 8922858
doi: 10.1097/00003072-199611000-00018
C. Okuyama et al. False-positive I-131 accumulation in a liver cyst in a patient with thyroid carcinoma. Clin. Nucl. Med. 26, 198–201 (2001)
pubmed: 11245109
doi: 10.1097/00003072-200103000-00003
D.H. Gunawardana, A.G. Pitman, M. Lichtenstein, Benign hepatic cyst mimicking a functional thyroid carcinoma metastasis on whole-body I-131 imaging. Clin. Nucl. Med. 28, 527–528 (2003)
pubmed: 12917548
doi: 10.1097/01.RLU.0000067526.45732.FD
A. Maciejewski, R. Czepczynski, M. Ruchala, False-positive radioiodine whole-body scan due to a renal cyst. Endokrynol. Pol. 69, 736–739 (2018)
pubmed: 30306537
doi: 10.5603/EP.a2018.0071
O. Kraft, P. Širůček, L. Mrhač, M. Havel, I-131 false positive uptake in a huge parapelvic renal cyst. Nucl. Med. Rev. Cent. East. Eur. 14, 36–37 (2011)
pubmed: 21751171
doi: 10.5603/NMR.2011.0008
M.B. Brachman et al. False-positive iodine-131 body scan caused by a large renal cyst. Clin. Nucl. Med. 13, 416–418 (1988)
pubmed: 3402144
doi: 10.1097/00003072-198806000-00005
C. Castillo-Berrio et al. Accumulation of (131)INa activity in renal cysts unrelated to metastatic disease in a patient with differentiated thyroid cancer. Rev. Esp. Med. Nucl. Imagen Mol. 35, 70–71 (2016)
pubmed: 26144698
A. Campennì et al. Radioiodine uptake in a renal cyst mimicking a metastasis in a patient affected by differentiated thyroid cancer: case report and review of the literature. Ann. Nucl. Med. 28, 472–476 (2014)
pubmed: 24554089
doi: 10.1007/s12149-014-0816-y
C. Wen, E. Iuanow, E. Oates, S.L. Lee, R. Perrone, Post-therapy iodine-131 localization in unsuspected large renal cyst: possible mechanisms. J. Nucl. Med. 39, 2158–2161 (1998)
pubmed: 9867161
J.-R. Oh, B.-C. Ahn, False-positive uptake on radioiodine whole-body scintigraphy: physiologic and pathologic variants unrelated to thyroid cancer. Am. J. Nucl. Med. Mol. Imaging 2, 362–385 (2012)
pubmed: 23133823
pmcid: 3477738
B. Letaief, S. Boughattas, M. Guezguez, H. Hassine, H. Essabbah, Abdominal uptake of I-131 revealing a renal cyst. Clin. Nucl. Med. 26, 255–256 (2001)
pubmed: 11245129
doi: 10.1097/00003072-200103000-00023
J. Lee, H.S. Song, J.H. Choi, J. Lee, Iodine uptake in retroperitoneal cysts after radioactive iodine treatment. Indian J. Nucl. Med. 35, 76–77 (2020)
pubmed: 31949379
doi: 10.4103/ijnm.IJNM_181_19
L. Kalhor, Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease: a potential mistake in the interpretation of radioiodine whole-body scintigraphy. Radiol. Case Rep. 13, 453–455 (2018)
pubmed: 29682133
pmcid: 5906770
doi: 10.1016/j.radcr.2018.01.031
Y.X. Mi, X. Sui, J.M. Huang, L.G. Wei, P. Xie, Incidentally polycystic kidney disease identified by SPECT/CT with post-therapy radioiodine scintigraphy in a patient with differentiated thyroid carcinoma: a case report. Medicine (Baltimore) 96, e8348 (2017)
pubmed: 29069013
doi: 10.1097/MD.0000000000008348
G. Shen, Z. Qi, R. Huang, B. Liu, A. Kuang, False-positive uptake of radioiodine in renal hamartoma in a patient with differentiated thyroid cancer. Clin. Nucl. Med. 42, 709–710 (2017)
pubmed: 28650888
doi: 10.1097/RLU.0000000000001745
M. Haghighatafshar, F. Shekoohi-Shooli, Adrenocortical adenoma manifesting as false-positive iodine accumulation in a patient with history of thyroid carcinoma. Radiol. Case Rep. 13, 949–951 (2018)
pubmed: 30108672
pmcid: 6083374
doi: 10.1016/j.radcr.2018.07.015
T. Murokawa et al. Exophytic pancreatic lymphoepithelial cyst incidentally detected in a differentiated thyroid cancer patient on whole-body I-131 scan: a case report. Surg. Case Rep. 8, 34 (2022)
pubmed: 35211824
pmcid: 8873321
doi: 10.1186/s40792-022-01389-7
P.W. Wang, H.Y. Chen, C.H. Li, W.J. Chen, Uptake of I-131 by an abdominal neurilemoma mimicking metastatic thyroid carcinoma. Clin. Nucl. Med. 18, 964–966 (1993)
pubmed: 8269679
doi: 10.1097/00003072-199311000-00008
M. Meyer, Y. Godbert, I. Soubeyran, A.L. Cazeau, F. Bonichon, Benign cystic mesothelioma: false-positive iodine accumulation in a patient with oncocytic follicular thyroid carcinoma. Clin. Nucl. Med. 39, e395–e397 (2014)
pubmed: 24217550
doi: 10.1097/RLU.0b013e3182a75664
B. De Keizer et al. I-131 accumulation in a benign cystic mesothelioma in a patient with follicular thyroid cancer. Thyroid 18, 369–371 (2008)
pubmed: 18298317
doi: 10.1089/thy.2007.0155
Y. Anongpornjossakul et al. Incidental gallbladder cancer visualized from posttreatment 131I whole-body scan. Clin. Nucl. Med. 41, e162–e163 (2016)
pubmed: 26447377
doi: 10.1097/RLU.0000000000001019
S.Y. Wu et al. I-131 total-body scan: localization of disseminated gastric adenocarcinoma. Case report and survey of the literature. J. Nucl. Med. 25, 1204–1208 (1984)
pubmed: 6092568
F. Rosar et al. Strongly radioiodine-positive pancreatic adenocarcinoma mimicking metastasis of differentiated thyroid cancer. Diagnostics 12, 1934 (2022)
pubmed: 36010284
pmcid: 9406392
doi: 10.3390/diagnostics12081934
E. Acar, A. Akgun, K. Kocacelebi, K. Kumanlioglu, M. Tuncyurek, I-131 uptake in malignant fibrous histiocytoma. Clin. Nucl. Med. 32, 580–581 (2007)
pubmed: 17581355
doi: 10.1097/RLU.0b013e3180646a44
N. Hod, S. Lantsberg, D. Levin, Radioiodine uptake in incidentally detected neuroendocrine tumor: correlative imaging with FDG PET/CT and 68 Ga-DOTATATE PET/CT. Clin. Nucl. Med. 47, E643–E646 (2022)
pubmed: 35485856
doi: 10.1097/RLU.0000000000004254
O. Konez, L.G. Hanelin, E.L. Jenison, M. Goyal, W. Randolph, Functioning liver metastases on an I-131 whole-body scan: a case of malignant struma ovarii. Clin. Nucl. Med. 25, 465–496 (2000)
pubmed: 10836696
doi: 10.1097/00003072-200006000-00014
S.C. Cherng et al. Malignant struma ovarii with peritoneal implants and pelvic structures and liver metastases demonstrated by I-131 SPECT and low-dose CT. Clin. Nucl. Med. 30, 797–798 (2005)
pubmed: 16319636
doi: 10.1097/01.rlu.0000187497.46941.f6
C. Sioka, N. Dimakopoulos, G. Kouraklis, I. Kotsalou, A. Zouboulidis, False-positive whole-body scan after I-131 therapy in a patient with intestinal scar. Clin. Nucl. Med. 31, 232–233 (2006)
pubmed: 16550026
doi: 10.1097/01.rlu.0000204439.27584.57
S. Rudoni et al. [Dermoid cyst of the ovary. False positive diagnosis in iodine 131 scintigraphy of differentiated thyroid cancers]. Presse Med. 27, 1379–1381 (1998)
pubmed: 9793053
M. Lakshmanan et al. Pelvic radioiodine uptake in a rectal wall teratoma after thyroidectomy for papillary carcinoma. J. Nucl. Med. 33, 1848–1850 (1992)
pubmed: 1403156
H.M. Kosari et al. Incidental finding of a dermoid cyst in a whole-body iodine scan: importance of using [131I]SPECT/CT in the differentiated thyroid carcinoma. Nucl. Med. Rev. Cent. East. Eur. 24, 106–107 (2021)
doi: 10.5603/NMR.2021.0023
S. Yoon, I. Soo Hong, Ovarian teratoma mimicking metastasis on I-131 scan: a case report. Nucl. Med. Mol. Imaging 47, 52–54 (2013)
pubmed: 24895508
doi: 10.1007/s13139-012-0167-3
A. Campennì et al. Abnormal radioiodine uptake on post-therapy whole body scan and sodium/iodine symporter expression in a dermoid cyst of the ovary: report of a case and review of the literature. Arch. Endocrinol. Metab. 59, 351–354 (2015)
pubmed: 26331324
doi: 10.1590/2359-3997000000087
C. Nascimento et al. Persistent disease and recurrence in differentiated thyroid cancer patients with undetectable postoperative stimulated thyroglobulin level. Endocr. Relat. Cancer 18, R29–R40 (2011)
pubmed: 21183629
J.P.H. Van Wijk, H.S. Broekhuizen-de Gast, A.J.J. Smits, M.E.I. Schipper, P.M.J. Zelissen, Scintigraphic detection of benign ovarian teratoma after total thyroidectomy and radioactive iodine for differentiated thyroid cancer. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 97, 1094–1095 (2012)
pubmed: 22278431
doi: 10.1210/jc.2011-2433
T. Wu, X. Zhao, H. Xu, False-positive radioiodine uptake in simple ovarian cyst in a DTC patient: a case report. Front. Oncol. 11, 665135 (2021)
pubmed: 34136396
pmcid: 8200661
doi: 10.3389/fonc.2021.665135
F.A. Almohamad et al. False-positive radioiodine accumulation in a huge pelvic mass after thyroidectomy for papillary carcinoma, a case report from Syria. J. Surg. Case Rep. 2018, rjy028 (2018)
pubmed: 29511526
pmcid: 5829570
doi: 10.1093/jscr/rjy028
H.Y. Jang et al. False-positive radioiodine uptake in a functional ovarian cyst in a patient treated with total thyroidectomy for papillary cancer. Intern. Med. 52, 2321–2323 (2013)
pubmed: 24126393
doi: 10.2169/internalmedicine.52.0786
M. Lungo et al. [Ovarian endometriosis cyst with iodine 131 uptake: first case of false positive in the follow up for differentiated thyroid carcinoma]. Ann Endocrinol 61, 147–150 (2000)
D. Çayır, M. Araz, M. Apaydın, E. Çakal, Inguinal endometriosis visualized on I-131 whole body scan. Mol. Imaging Radionucl. Ther. 27, 52–54 (2018)
pubmed: 29393056
pmcid: 5790976
doi: 10.4274/mirt.77044
J. Flug et al. False-positive I-131 uptake by an ovarian serous cystadenofibroma. Clin. Nucl. Med. 37, 178–180 (2012)
pubmed: 22228346
doi: 10.1097/RLU.0b013e31823933d2
O. Turker, I. Dogan, K. Kumanlioglu, Radioiodine accumulation in a large adnexal cystadenofibroma. Thyroid 20, 561–562 (2010)
pubmed: 20406107
doi: 10.1089/thy.2009.0403
M. Mebarki et al. Radioiodine accumulation in a giant ovarian cystadenofibroma detected incidentally by 131-I whole body scans. Case Rep. Radiol. 2012, 1–3 (2012)
doi: 10.1155/2012/295617
E.E. Kim, G. Pjura, A. Gobuty, R. Verani, 131I uptake in a benign serous cystadenoma of the ovary. Eur. J. Nucl. Med. 9, 433–435 (1984)
pubmed: 6499878
doi: 10.1007/BF00295581
H.J. Song, Y.L. Xue, Y.H. Xu, Z.L. Qiu, Q.Y. Luo, Abnormal
pubmed: 22310273
doi: 10.1097/RLU.0b013e31823ea982
T.L. Haaga, D.C. Yoo, R. Ortiz, R.B. Noto, Benign ovarian serous cystadenoma mimicking papillary thyroid carcinoma metastasis on I-131 SPECT/CT. Med. Health. R. I. 95, 57–59 (2012)
pubmed: 22474878
Z.L. Qiu, Y.H. Xu, H.J. Song, Q.Y. Luo, Unusual
pubmed: 21206234
doi: 10.1097/RLU.0b013e3181f9dee9
O. Morel et al. Abnormal iodine-131 uptake in a benign mucinous ovarian cystadenoma mimicking struma ovarii. Clin. Nucl. Med. 32, 64–66 (2007)
pubmed: 17179812
doi: 10.1097/01.rlu.0000249548.55877.3d
A.A. Jammah, A. Driedger, I. Rachinsky, Incidental finding of ovarian teratoma on post-therapy scan for papillary thyroid cancer and impact of SPECT/CT imaging. Arq. Bras. Endocrinol. Metabol. 55, 490–493 (2011)
pubmed: 22147099
doi: 10.1590/S0004-27302011000700010
M. Salvatori et al. Riscontro occasionale di “struma ovarii” in paziente con carcinoma tiroideo. Radiol. Medica 81, 744–747 (1991)
M. Gauthé, A. Kelly, C. Dejax, F. Cachin, N. Bourdel, Incidental scintigraphic finding of ovarian teratoma containing normal thyroid tissue on post-radioactive iodine therapy for papillary thyroid cancer. Clin. Nucl. Med. 38, 467–468 (2013)
pubmed: 23531739
doi: 10.1097/RLU.0b013e318286bdbc
C.P. Wagner, B.N. Hicks, K.M. Nakamura, Incidental scintigraphic detection of struma ovarii following total thyroidectomy for papillary thyroid cancer. Radiol. Case Rep. 6, 478 (2015)
pubmed: 27307906
pmcid: 4900059
doi: 10.2484/rcr.v6i3.478
S.T. Zwas, Z. Heyman, L.M. Lieberman, 131I ovarian uptake in a whole-body scan for thyroid carcinoma. Semin. Nucl. Med. 19, 340–342 (1989)
pubmed: 2799406
doi: 10.1016/S0001-2998(89)80026-1
W. Macdonald, J. Armstrong, Benign struma ovarii in a patient with invasive papillary thyroid cancer: detection with I-131 SPECT-CT. Clin. Nucl. Med. 32, 380–382 (2007)
pubmed: 17452868
doi: 10.1097/01.rlu.0000259642.36291.0d
C. Ghander, D. Lussato, B. Conte Devolx, O. Mundler, D. Taïeb, Incidental diagnosis of struma ovarii after thyroidectomy for thyroid cancer: functional imaging studies and follow-up. Gynecol. Oncol. 102, 378–380 (2006)
pubmed: 16516952
doi: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2006.01.047
S.T. Lim, H.J. Jeong, M.J. Chung, C.Y. Yim, M.H. Sohn, Malignant struma ovarii demonstrated on post-therapy radioiodine scan after total thyroidectomy for papillary thyroid cancer. Clin. Nucl. Med. 33, 429–431 (2008)
pubmed: 18496456
doi: 10.1097/RLU.0b013e3181708297
O. Kraft et al. I-131 uptake in an ovarian tumor: differential diagnosis for abdominal I-131 uptake. Clin. Nucl. Med. 34, 390–392 (2009)
pubmed: 19487856
doi: 10.1097/RLU.0b013e3181a344c7
A. Sellem, I. Msakni, W. Elajmi, H. Hammami, Pitfall of I-131 whole body scan: a mucinous adenocarcinoma of the ovary. Pan Afr. Med. J. 36, 1–6 (2020)
doi: 10.11604/pamj.2020.36.72.21507
M. Mattern, E. Staab, I-131 localization in hematocolpos: a differential diagnosis consideration for pelvic I-131 uptake. Clin. Nucl. Med. 32, 659–660 (2007)
pubmed: 17667447
doi: 10.1097/RLU.0b013e3180a1ad35
I. Rachinsky, A. Driedger, Iodine-131 uptake in a menstruating uterus: value of SPECT/CT in distinguishing benign and metastatic iodine-positive lesions. Thyroid 17, 901–902 (2007)
pubmed: 17956166
doi: 10.1089/thy.2007.0084
L. Liu, Y. Chen, T. Tian, R. Huang, B. Liu, Physiologic uterine uptake of radioiodine during menstruation demonstrated by SPECT/CT. Clin. Nucl. Med. 44, 975–977 (2019)
pubmed: 31361649
doi: 10.1097/RLU.0000000000002754
Y. Nishiyama et al. False-positive iodine-131 whole-body imaging due to gestational sac. Clin. Nucl. Med. 23, 535–536 (1998)
pubmed: 9712391
doi: 10.1097/00003072-199808000-00012
K. Hirata et al. Radioiodine therapy for thyroid cancer depicted uterine leiomyoma. Clin. Nucl. Med. 34, 180–181 (2009)
pubmed: 19352287
doi: 10.1097/RLU.0b013e3181966ff0
T. Isoda et al. Nabothian cyst a predominant cause of false-positive iodine uptake in uterus: comparison of SPECT/CT and pelvic MRI. Clin. Nucl. Med. 39, 680–684 (2014)
pubmed: 24978344
doi: 10.1097/RLU.0000000000000504
S. Liu et al. Nabothian cyst associated with high false-positive incidence of iodine-131 uptake in whole-body scans after treatment for differentiated thyroid cancer. Nucl. Med. Commun. 34, 1204–1207 (2013)
pubmed: 24077637
pmcid: 3815149
doi: 10.1097/MNM.0b013e328365911a
F.J. García-Gómez, T. Cambil-Molina, J. Jiménez Gallardo, T. Martín-Hernández, J. Castro-Montaño, False-positive 131I uptake secondary to nabothian cyst. Rev. Esp. Med. Nucl. Imagen Mol. 38, 114–115 (2019)
pubmed: 30031677
J. Tong, Y. Jin, M. Liu, Z. Lv, L. Chen, False-positive uptake of 131I due to tubal ligation in a patient with papillary thyroid cancer. Clin. Nucl. Med. 43, 375–376 (2018)
pubmed: 29517545
doi: 10.1097/RLU.0000000000002055
S.S. Gültekin, A. Dilli, A.T. Arikök, H. Bostanci, A.O. Hasdemir, The false-positive radioiodine I-131 uptake in the foreign body granuloma located in gluteal adipose tissue. Radiol. Oncol. 46, 28–31 (2012)
pubmed: 22933977
doi: 10.2478/v10019-011-0016-5
S. Kinuya, K. Yokoyama, T. Michigishi, N. Tonami, I-131 accumulation in folliculitis of the scalp. Clin. Nucl. Med. 21, 807–808 (1996)
pubmed: 8896935
doi: 10.1097/00003072-199610000-00015
C. Regalbuto et al. False-positive findings on 131I whole-body scans because of posttraumatic superficial scabs. J. Nucl. Med. 43, 207–209 (2002)
pubmed: 11850486
A.W. Chowdhary et al. Posttraumatic scab on 131I whole-body scan-a false-positive finding. Clin. Nucl. Med. 46, 512–514 (2021)
pubmed: 33577195
doi: 10.1097/RLU.0000000000003535
J. Andreas, K. Bruhl, D. Eissner, False-positive I-131 whole-body imaging after I-131 therapy for a follicular carcinoma. Clin. Nucl. Med. 22, 123–124 (1997)
pubmed: 9031774
doi: 10.1097/00003072-199702000-00013
L. Xiao, L. Jiang, R. Huang, R. Tian, B. Liu, An unusual false-positive uptake of radioiodine caused by posttraumatic superficial scab. Clin. Nucl. Med. 47, 350–351 (2022)
pubmed: 34739399
doi: 10.1097/RLU.0000000000003956
N. Agrawal et al. Integrated genomic characterization of papillary thyroid carcinoma. Cell 159, 676–690 (2015)
doi: 10.1016/j.cell.2014.09.050
G.G. Bural, R.L. Peel, J.M. Mountz, Benign epithelial cyst mimicking thyroid cancer metastasis: a false-positive finding on post-therapy I-131 scan. Clin. Nucl. Med. 37, 88–90 (2012)
pubmed: 22157038
doi: 10.1097/RLU.0b013e31822920a3
M. Oporto et al. Fibroelastic pseudotumor elastofibroma dorsi detected by 18F-FDG PET/CT scan and by postherapy radioiodine SPECT/CT. Rev. Esp. Med. Nucl. Imagen Mol. 37, 46–49 (2018)
pubmed: 28522155
L. Liu, Y. Chen, T. Tian, R. Huang, B. Liu, An unusual false-positive uptake of radioiodine caused by metallic implants. Clin. Nucl. Med. 44, E495–E496 (2019)
pubmed: 31274633
doi: 10.1097/RLU.0000000000002587
S. Modoni, G. Martino, M. Guerra, V. Frusciante, Unusual radioiodine uptake caused by metallic sutures in the skull in a patient with thyroid cancer. Clin. Nucl. Med. 25, 1053–1054 (2000)
pubmed: 11129153
doi: 10.1097/00003072-200012000-00029
J.P. Walsh, J.B. Sims, P. Iranpour, False-positive radioiodine uptake from an intracranial surgical clip. Clin. Nucl. Med. 47, e279–e280 (2022)
pubmed: 35025781
doi: 10.1097/RLU.0000000000004002
R. Laguna, F. Silva, J. Vazquez-Sellés, E. Orduña, C. Flores, Vertebral hemangioma mimicking a metastatic bone lesion in well-differentiated thyroid carcinoma. Clin. Nucl. Med. 25, 611–613 (2000)
pubmed: 10944016
doi: 10.1097/00003072-200008000-00008
B. Yazici, A. Oral, C. Eraslan, M. Argin, Ö. Ömür, False-positive 131I uptake in a benign bone lesion on post-therapy scan. Clin. Nucl. Med. 41, e63–e65 (2016)
pubmed: 26252335
doi: 10.1097/RLU.0000000000000922
S. Muherji, H.A. Ziessman, J.M. Earll, J.W. Keyes, False-positive iodine-131 whole body scan due to pectus excavatum. Clin. Nucl. Med. 13, 207–208 (1988)
pubmed: 3383527
doi: 10.1097/00003072-198803000-00020
S. Ajmi et al. Tc-99m and I-131 uptake in widespread bone metastases from undetectable digestive adenocarcinoma. Clin. Nucl. Med. 36, 1020–1022 (2011)
pubmed: 21975392
doi: 10.1097/RLU.0b013e318219b366
C. Durante et al. Long-term outcome of 444 patients with distant metastases from papillary and follicular thyroid carcinoma: benefits and limits of radioiodine therapy. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 91, 2892–2899 (2006)
pubmed: 16684830
doi: 10.1210/jc.2005-2838
M. Schlumberger, S. Leboulleux, Current practice in patients with differentiated thyroid cancer. Nat. Rev. Endocrinol. 17, 176–188 (2021)
pubmed: 33339988
doi: 10.1038/s41574-020-00448-z
G. Noussios, P. Anagnostis, D.G. Goulis, D. Lappas, K. Natsis, Ectopic thyroid tissue: anatomical, clinical, and surgical implications of a rare entity. Eur. J. Endocrinol. 165, 375–382 (2011)
pubmed: 21715415
doi: 10.1530/EJE-11-0461
M. Jin et al. Clinical implication of World Health Organization classification in patients with follicular thyroid carcinoma in South Korea: a multicenter cohort study. Endocrinol. Metab. 35, 618–627 (2020)
doi: 10.3803/EnM.2020.742
J.J. Sancho, T.W.J. Lennard, I. Paunovic, F. Triponez, A. Sitges-Serra, Prophylactic central neck disection in papillary thyroid cancer: a consensus report of the European Society of Endocrine Surgeons (ESES). Langenbeck’s Arch. Surg 399, 155–163 (2014)
doi: 10.1007/s00423-013-1152-8
S.-R. Wang et al. Diagnostic value of multiple diagnostic methods for lymph node metastases of papillary thyroid carcinoma: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Front. Oncol. 12, 990603 (2022)
pubmed: 36439514
pmcid: 9686443
doi: 10.3389/fonc.2022.990603
M. Zhong et al. Impact of lung metastasis versus metastasis of bone, brain, or liver on overall survival and thyroid cancer-specific survival of thyroid cancer patients: a population-based study. Cancers 14, 3133 (2022)
pubmed: 35804903
pmcid: 9265095
doi: 10.3390/cancers14133133
S. Sathiyamoorthy, Z. Maleki, Cytomorphologic overlap of differentiated thyroid carcinoma and lung adenocarcinoma and diagnostic value of TTF-1 and TGB on cytologic material. Diagn. Cytopathol. 42, 5–10 (2014)
pubmed: 23637102
doi: 10.1002/dc.22997
J. Davidson, I.R. McDougall, How frequently is the thymus seen on whole-body iodine-131 diagnostic and post-treatment scans? Eur. J. Nucl. Med. 27, 425–430 (2000)
pubmed: 10805116
doi: 10.1007/s002590050526
S. Jun et al. Prediction of treatment response to
pubmed: 25980591
doi: 10.1007/s12149-015-0983-5
J.W. Lee, S.M. Lee, J. Choi, Clinical significance of diffuse hepatic uptake on post-therapeutic early and delayed (131)I scan in differentiated thyroid cancer: a preliminary report. Ann. Nucl. Med. 29, 190–197 (2015)
pubmed: 25413273
doi: 10.1007/s12149-014-0929-3
Ö. Ömür, A. Akgün, Z. Özcan, Ç. Şen, H. Özklç, Clinical implications of diffuse hepatic uptake observed in postablative and post-therapeutic I-131 scans. Clin. Nucl. Med. 34, 11–14 (2009)
pubmed: 19092374
doi: 10.1097/RLU.0b013e31818f433c
A. Madani, Y. Jozaghi, R. Tabah, J. How, E. Mitmaker, Rare metastases of well-differentiated thyroid cancers: a systematic review. Ann. Surg. Oncol. 22, 460–466 (2015)
pubmed: 25192681
doi: 10.1245/s10434-014-4058-y
B. M, Hepatic visualization after 131 I in patients with thyroid carcinoma (Cont.). N. Engl. J. Med. 296, 634–634 (1977)
doi: 10.1056/NEJM197703172961118
S. Donato, H. Simoes, V. Leite, Malignant Struma Ovarii with Concurrent Thyroid Cancer: outcomes during and after pregnancy. Eur. Thyroid J. 10, 523–527 (2021)
pubmed: 34956924
pmcid: 8647070
doi: 10.1159/000512735
H. Fragnaud et al. Mid and long-term overall survival after carcinologic resections of thyroid cancer bone metastases. Front. Surg. 9, 965951 (2022)
pubmed: 35903257
pmcid: 9314764
doi: 10.3389/fsurg.2022.965951
R. Zhang et al. Bone metastases in newly diagnosed patients with thyroid cancer: a large population-based cohort study. Front. Oncol. 12, 955629 (2022)
pubmed: 36033484
pmcid: 9416865
doi: 10.3389/fonc.2022.955629
G. Mazziotti et al. Real-life management and outcome of thyroid carcinoma-related bone metastases: results from a nationwide multicenter experience. Endocrine 59, 90–101 (2018)
pubmed: 29110129
doi: 10.1007/s12020-017-1455-6
A. Farooki, V. Leung, H. Tala, R.M. Tuttle, Skeletal-related events due to bone metastases from differentiated thyroid cancer. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 97, 2433–2439 (2012)
pubmed: 22564664
doi: 10.1210/jc.2012-1169
M. Schmidt, M. Dietlein, U. Schröder, H. Schicha, False-positive uptake of I-131 in a laryngocele mimicking thyroid remnant after thyroidectomy for papillary thyroid carcinoma. Clin. Nucl. Med. 31, 716–717 (2006)
pubmed: 17053394
doi: 10.1097/01.rlu.0000242696.68765.b6
M. Mulazimoglu, S. Koca, M.O. Tamam, E. Uyanik, T. Ozpacaci, False-positive findings in post-treatment iodine-131 whole-body scintigraphy in a nasolacrimal sac cyst, confirmed with SPECT/CT and MRI. Clin. Nucl. Med. 36, 805–807 (2011)
pubmed: 21825857
doi: 10.1097/RLU.0b013e318219b4b3
N.L. Lebo, F. Raymond, M.J. Odell, Selectively false-positive radionuclide scan in a patient with sarcoidosis and papillary thyroid cancer: a case report and review of the literature. J. Otolaryngol. Head Neck Surg. 44, 18 (2015)
pubmed: 25971453
pmcid: 4440505
doi: 10.1186/s40463-015-0069-3
F. Yang, L. Cao, C. Zhang, An unusual false-positive uptake of radioiodine caused by pulmonary vasculature: the usefulness of SPECT/CT. Hell. J. Nucl. Med. 23, 204–205 (2020)
pubmed: 32716412
S.H. Park, M. Seo, T.Y. Park, S. Nam-Goong, An intrapericardial ectopic thyroid mimicking metastasis in a patient with papillary thyroid cancer: Localization, differential diagnosis by 18F-FDG PET/CT and ablation by 131I. Hell. J. Nucl. Med. 19, 272–274 (2016)
pubmed: 27824968
D. Kayano, T. Michigishi, K. Ichiyanagi, A. Inaki, S. Kinuya, I-131 uptake in a thymic cyst. Clin. Nucl. Med. 35, 438–439 (2010)
pubmed: 20479595
doi: 10.1097/RLU.0b013e3181db4d21
E. Yano et al. I-131 false-positive uptake in a thymic cyst with expression of the sodium-iodide symporter: a case report. Medicine (Baltimore) 101, E29282 (2022)
pubmed: 35777066
doi: 10.1097/MD.0000000000029282
A.K. Singh, A.A. Bodolan, M.P. Gilbert, A false positive I-131 metastatic survey caused by radioactive iodine uptake by a benign thymic cyst. Case Rep. Endocrinol. 2017, 1–4 (2017)
doi: 10.1155/2017/6469015
B.D. Nguyen, M.C. Roarke, Epiphrenic diverticulum: potential pitfall in thyroid cancer iodine-131 scintigraphy. Clin. Nucl. Med. 30, 631–632 (2005)
pubmed: 16100490
doi: 10.1097/01.rlu.0000174207.99335.19
H.C. Song, S.M. Kim, Y.J. Heo, H.S. Bom, Retention of iodine-131 in a thoracic esophageal diverticulum mimicking metastatic thyroid cancer. Clin. Nucl. Med. 27, 896–897 (2002)
pubmed: 12607875
doi: 10.1097/00003072-200212000-00014
R. Wang, K. Zhou, Q. Fan, H. Chen, C. Fan, A false-positive I-131 finding of duodenum diverticulum in thyroid cancer evaluation by SPECT/CT: A case report. Medicine 97, e9997 (2018)
pubmed: 29465605
pmcid: 5841970
doi: 10.1097/MD.0000000000009997
M. Attard et al. False-positive results of an iodine-131 whole-body scan caused by an ectopic kidney. Clin. Nucl. Med. 26, 271–273 (2001)
pubmed: 11245137
doi: 10.1097/00003072-200103000-00031
L. Husmann et al. Pyelocaliceal diverticulum as a rare pitfall in I-131 post-therapy scanning. Clin. Nucl. Med. 35, 443–444 (2010)
pubmed: 20479597
doi: 10.1097/RLU.0b013e3181db4aa8
S.S. Demir, G.E. Aktaş, A. Polat, A. Sarıkaya, Ectopic pelvic kidney mimicking sacral metastasis on post-therapy iodine-131 scan of a thyroid cancer patient. Mol. Imaging Radionucl. Ther. 26, 43–46 (2017)
doi: 10.4274/mirt.75436
E. Varoglu, M. Yildirim, R. Bayrakdar, A.M. Kantarci, H. Uslu, Radioiodine pooling in dilated greater saphenous vein mimicking contamination. Clin. Nucl. Med. 28, 866–868 (2003)
pubmed: 14508289
doi: 10.1097/01.rlu.0000090938.27244.09
L. Luo, J. Wang, J. Xia, R. Zhang, X. Yao, False-positive uptake of 131I from basal cell papilloma in a patient with metastatic papillary thyroid cancer. Clin. Nucl. Med. 46, 358–360 (2021)
pubmed: 33492860
doi: 10.1097/RLU.0000000000003506
T. Winkens, S. Nietzsche, M. Gottschaldt, M. Freesmeyer, Nonspecific iodine accumulation in surgical suture material mimicking follicular thyroid cancer bone metastasis in (131)I scintigraphy. Clin. Nucl. Med. 39, 209–210 (2014)
pubmed: 24368531
doi: 10.1097/RLU.0000000000000297