Avelumab Plus Intermittent Axitinib in Previously Untreated Patients with Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma. The Tide-A Phase 2 Study.

Avelumab Axitinib Immunotherapy Interruption Renal cell carcinoma Vascular endothelial growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor

Journal

European urology
ISSN: 1873-7560
Titre abrégé: Eur Urol
Pays: Switzerland
ID NLM: 7512719

Informations de publication

Date de publication:
22 Mar 2024
Historique:
received: 04 12 2023
revised: 16 02 2024
accepted: 26 02 2024
medline: 24 3 2024
pubmed: 24 3 2024
entrez: 23 3 2024
Statut: aheadofprint

Résumé

Combinations of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR) tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) plus immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) against PD1/PD-L1 are the standard first-line therapy for patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC), irrespective of the prognostic class. To investigate the feasibility and safety of withdrawing VEGFR-TKI but continuing anti-PD1/PD-L1 in patients who achieve a response to their combination. This was a single-arm phase 2 trial in patients with treatment-naïve mRCC with prior nephrectomy, without symptomatic/bulky disease and no liver metastases. Enrolled patients received axitinib + avelumab; after 36 wk of therapy those who achieved a tumour response interrupted axitinib and continued avelumab maintenance until disease progression. The primary endpoint was the rate of patients without progression 8 wk after the axitinib interruption. The secondary endpoints were the median value for progression-free (mPFS) and overall (mOS) survival and the safety in the overall population. Seventy-nine patients were enrolled and 75 were evaluated for efficacy. A total of 29 (38%) patients had axitinib withdrawn, as per the study design, with 72% of them having no progression after 8 wk and thus achieving the primary endpoint. The mPFS of the overall population was 24 mo, while the mOS was not reached. The objective response rate was 76% (12% complete response and 64% partial response), with 19% of patients having stable disease. In the patients who discontinued axitinib, the incidence of adverse events of any grade was 59% for grade 3 and 3% for grade 4. This study was limited by the lack of a comparative arm. The TIDE-A study demonstrates that the withdrawal of VEGFR-TKI with ICI maintenance is feasible for selected mRCC patients with evidence of a response to the VEGFR-TKI + ICI combination employed in first-line therapy. Axitinib interruption with avelumab maintenance leads to decreased side effects and should be investigated further as a new strategy to delay tumour progression. We evaluated whether certain patients with advanced kidney cancer treated with the fist-line combination of axitinib plus avelumab can interrupt the axitinib in case of a tumour response after 36 wk of therapy. We found that axitinib interruption improved the safety of the combination, while the maintenance with avelumab might delay tumour progression.

Sections du résumé

BACKGROUND BACKGROUND
Combinations of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR) tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) plus immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) against PD1/PD-L1 are the standard first-line therapy for patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC), irrespective of the prognostic class.
OBJECTIVE OBJECTIVE
To investigate the feasibility and safety of withdrawing VEGFR-TKI but continuing anti-PD1/PD-L1 in patients who achieve a response to their combination.
DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS METHODS
This was a single-arm phase 2 trial in patients with treatment-naïve mRCC with prior nephrectomy, without symptomatic/bulky disease and no liver metastases.
INTERVENTION METHODS
Enrolled patients received axitinib + avelumab; after 36 wk of therapy those who achieved a tumour response interrupted axitinib and continued avelumab maintenance until disease progression.
OUTCOME MEASUREMENTS AND STATISTICAL ANALYSIS METHODS
The primary endpoint was the rate of patients without progression 8 wk after the axitinib interruption. The secondary endpoints were the median value for progression-free (mPFS) and overall (mOS) survival and the safety in the overall population.
RESULTS AND LIMITATIONS CONCLUSIONS
Seventy-nine patients were enrolled and 75 were evaluated for efficacy. A total of 29 (38%) patients had axitinib withdrawn, as per the study design, with 72% of them having no progression after 8 wk and thus achieving the primary endpoint. The mPFS of the overall population was 24 mo, while the mOS was not reached. The objective response rate was 76% (12% complete response and 64% partial response), with 19% of patients having stable disease. In the patients who discontinued axitinib, the incidence of adverse events of any grade was 59% for grade 3 and 3% for grade 4. This study was limited by the lack of a comparative arm.
CONCLUSIONS CONCLUSIONS
The TIDE-A study demonstrates that the withdrawal of VEGFR-TKI with ICI maintenance is feasible for selected mRCC patients with evidence of a response to the VEGFR-TKI + ICI combination employed in first-line therapy. Axitinib interruption with avelumab maintenance leads to decreased side effects and should be investigated further as a new strategy to delay tumour progression.
PATIENT SUMMARY RESULTS
We evaluated whether certain patients with advanced kidney cancer treated with the fist-line combination of axitinib plus avelumab can interrupt the axitinib in case of a tumour response after 36 wk of therapy. We found that axitinib interruption improved the safety of the combination, while the maintenance with avelumab might delay tumour progression.

Identifiants

pubmed: 38521617
pii: S0302-2838(24)02132-8
doi: 10.1016/j.eururo.2024.02.014
pii:
doi:

Types de publication

Journal Article

Langues

eng

Sous-ensembles de citation

IM

Informations de copyright

Copyright © 2024 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Auteurs

Roberto Iacovelli (R)

Oncology Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "A. Gemelli" IRCCS, Rome, Italy; Department of Medicine and Translational Surgery, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy. Electronic address: Roberto.iacovelli@policlinicogemelli.it.

Chiara Ciccarese (C)

Oncology Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "A. Gemelli" IRCCS, Rome, Italy.

Sebastiano Buti (S)

Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma, Italy.

Paolo Andrea Zucali (PA)

Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Pieve Emanuele, Italy; Medical Oncology, Humanitas Research Hospital Humanitas Cancer Center, Rozzano, Italy.

Emanuela Fantinel (E)

Medical Oncology, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata, Verona, Italy.

Davide Bimbatti (D)

Oncology Unit 1, Istituto Oncologico Veneto, IOV - IRCCS, Padua, Italy.

Elena Verzoni (E)

SSD Oncologia Medica Genitourinaria, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy.

Caterina Accettura (C)

Medical Oncology, Vito Fazzi Hospital, Lecce, Italy.

Lucia Bonomi (L)

Department of Oncology and Hematology, ASST Papa Giovanni XXIII, Bergamo, Italy.

Consuelo Buttigliero (C)

Department of Oncology, University of Turin, San Luigi Gonzaga Hospital, Orbassano, Turin, Italy.

Giuseppe Fornarini (G)

UO Oncologia Medica 1, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genova, Italy.

Stefania Pipitone (S)

Department of Oncology and Haematology, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Modena, Modena, Italy.

Francesco Atzori (F)

Medical Oncology, University Hospital and University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy.

Cristina Masini (C)

Medical Oncology, Comprehensive Cancer Centre IRCCS - AUSL Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy.

Francesco Massari (F)

Medical Oncology, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Bologna, Italy; Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.

Francesca Primi (F)

Medical Oncology, Central Hospital of Belcolle, Viterbo, Italy.

Alessandro Strusi (A)

Department of Medicine and Translational Surgery, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy.

Giulia Claire Giudice (GC)

Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma, Italy.

Matteo Perrino (M)

Medical Oncology, Humanitas Research Hospital Humanitas Cancer Center, Rozzano, Italy.

Marco Maruzzo (M)

Oncology Unit 1, Istituto Oncologico Veneto, IOV - IRCCS, Padua, Italy.

Michele Milella (M)

Medical Oncology, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata, Verona, Italy; Department of Medicine, University of Verona, Verona, Italy.

Diana Giannarelli (D)

Biostatistics Unit, Scientific Directorate, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli, IRCCS, Rome, Italy.

Matteo Brunelli (M)

Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, Pathology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata di Verona, University of Verona, Verona, Italy.

Giuseppe Procopio (G)

SSD Oncologia Medica Genitourinaria, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy.

Giampaolo Tortora (G)

Oncology Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "A. Gemelli" IRCCS, Rome, Italy; Department of Medicine and Translational Surgery, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy.

Classifications MeSH