Keeping university open did not increase the risk of SARS-CoV-2 acquisition: A test negative case-control study among students.


Journal

PloS one
ISSN: 1932-6203
Titre abrégé: PLoS One
Pays: United States
ID NLM: 101285081

Informations de publication

Date de publication:
2024
Historique:
received: 13 11 2023
accepted: 12 03 2024
medline: 27 3 2024
pubmed: 27 3 2024
entrez: 27 3 2024
Statut: epublish

Résumé

During the SARS-CoV-2 testing program offered through the RT-PCR test by Sapienza University of Rome, we conducted a test-negative case-control study to identify risk factors for acquiring SARS-CoV-2 infection among university students. Each SARS-CoV-2-positive case detected was matched to two controls randomly selected from students who tested negative on the same day. 122 positive students and 244 negative students were enrolled in the study. Multivariable conditional logistic regression models were built. Adjusted odds ratios (aORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated. A second model was limited to students who had attended campus. Out of 8223 tests for SARS-CoV-2, 173 students tested positive (2.1%), of whom 122 (71.5%) were included in the case-control study. In the first analysis, being a non-Italian student (aOR: 8.93, 95% CI: 2.71-29.41), having received only the primary vaccination course (aOR: 2.94, 95% CI: 1.24-6.96) compared to the booster dose, known exposure to a COVID-19 case or someone with signs/symptoms suggestive of COVID-19 (aOR: 6.51, 95% CI: 3.48-12.18), and visiting discos (aOR: 4.07, 95% CI: 1.52-10.90) in the two weeks before testing increased the likelihood of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Conversely, students attending in-person lectures on campus seemed less likely to become infected (aOR: 0.34, 95% CI: 0.15-0.77). No association was found with other variables. The results of the second model were comparable to the first analysis. This study indicates that if universities adopt strict prevention measures, it is safe for students to attend, even in the case of an infectious disease epidemic.

Sections du résumé

BACKGROUND BACKGROUND
During the SARS-CoV-2 testing program offered through the RT-PCR test by Sapienza University of Rome, we conducted a test-negative case-control study to identify risk factors for acquiring SARS-CoV-2 infection among university students.
METHODS METHODS
Each SARS-CoV-2-positive case detected was matched to two controls randomly selected from students who tested negative on the same day. 122 positive students and 244 negative students were enrolled in the study. Multivariable conditional logistic regression models were built. Adjusted odds ratios (aORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated. A second model was limited to students who had attended campus.
RESULTS RESULTS
Out of 8223 tests for SARS-CoV-2, 173 students tested positive (2.1%), of whom 122 (71.5%) were included in the case-control study. In the first analysis, being a non-Italian student (aOR: 8.93, 95% CI: 2.71-29.41), having received only the primary vaccination course (aOR: 2.94, 95% CI: 1.24-6.96) compared to the booster dose, known exposure to a COVID-19 case or someone with signs/symptoms suggestive of COVID-19 (aOR: 6.51, 95% CI: 3.48-12.18), and visiting discos (aOR: 4.07, 95% CI: 1.52-10.90) in the two weeks before testing increased the likelihood of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Conversely, students attending in-person lectures on campus seemed less likely to become infected (aOR: 0.34, 95% CI: 0.15-0.77). No association was found with other variables. The results of the second model were comparable to the first analysis.
CONCLUSIONS CONCLUSIONS
This study indicates that if universities adopt strict prevention measures, it is safe for students to attend, even in the case of an infectious disease epidemic.

Identifiants

pubmed: 38536834
doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0301215
pii: PONE-D-23-36324
doi:

Types de publication

Journal Article

Langues

eng

Sous-ensembles de citation

IM

Pagination

e0301215

Informations de copyright

Copyright: © 2024 Renzi et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.

Déclaration de conflit d'intérêts

The authors declare that they have no competing interests.

Auteurs

Erika Renzi (E)

Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.

Valentina Baccolini (V)

Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.

Antonio Covelli (A)

Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.

Leonardo Maria Siena (LM)

Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.

Antonio Sciurti (A)

Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.

Giuseppe Migliara (G)

Department of Life Sciences, Health and Health Professions, Link Campus University, Rome, Italy.

Azzurra Massimi (A)

Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.

Carolina Marzuillo (C)

Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.

Corrado De Vito (C)

Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.

Leandro Casini (L)

Special Office for Prevention, Protection and H&S Overall Supervisory, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.

Antonio Angeloni (A)

Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.

Ombretta Turriziani (O)

Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.
Microbiology and Virology Unit of the University Hospital "Policlinico Umberto I", Rome, Italy.

Guido Antonelli (G)

Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.
Microbiology and Virology Unit of the University Hospital "Policlinico Umberto I", Rome, Italy.

Fabrizio D'Alba (F)

University Hospital "Policlinico Umberto I", Rome, Italy.

Antonella Polimeni (A)

Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Science, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.

Paolo Villari (P)

Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.

Classifications MeSH