Suboptimal response to biologics in severe asthma - a marker of humoral immunodeficiencies.

antibody deficiencies biologics efficacy response severe asthma

Journal

The journal of allergy and clinical immunology. In practice
ISSN: 2213-2201
Titre abrégé: J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract
Pays: United States
ID NLM: 101597220

Informations de publication

Date de publication:
26 Mar 2024
Historique:
received: 12 12 2023
revised: 15 03 2024
accepted: 19 03 2024
medline: 29 3 2024
pubmed: 29 3 2024
entrez: 28 3 2024
Statut: aheadofprint

Résumé

Asthmatic patients with antibody deficiencies (AD) have more severe disease and higher risk of exacerbations. No data exists about the efficacy of biologics in severe asthma (SA) patients with AD. The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of biologics in SA patients with and without AD. A case-control real-life study was conducted including 68 patients divided in two groups: group 1 with SA-AD and group 2 with SA. Treatment by biologics for 6 months was effective to decrease the number of exacerbations, hospitalizations, and emergency department (ED) visits, to improve the Asthma Control Questionnaire (ACQ) score and proved a systemic corticosteroid sparing effect. Despite benefits, the number of exacerbations, hospitalizations, and ED visits, the mean ACQ score, and the cumulative dose of systemic corticosteroids remain higher in group 1 vs 2, with lower lung function parameters. The rates of responses were inferior in group 1 vs 2 with a decrease by ≥50% of exacerbation rate in 76% vs 97% of patients (p=.006), no hospitalization in 44% vs 91% of patients (p<.001), no ED visit 56% vs 82% of patients (p=.018), significant improvement of ACQ score by ≥0.5 in 68% vs 100% of patients (p<.001), and increase of forced expiratory volume in the first second by >10% in 32% vs 65% of patients (p=.007). Despite evident benefits, SA patients with AD have suboptimal responses to biologics compared to those immunocompetent. A multidisciplinary approach is necessary to optimize the management of these patients in practice.

Sections du résumé

BACKGROUND BACKGROUND
Asthmatic patients with antibody deficiencies (AD) have more severe disease and higher risk of exacerbations. No data exists about the efficacy of biologics in severe asthma (SA) patients with AD. The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of biologics in SA patients with and without AD.
METHODS METHODS
A case-control real-life study was conducted including 68 patients divided in two groups: group 1 with SA-AD and group 2 with SA.
RESULTS RESULTS
Treatment by biologics for 6 months was effective to decrease the number of exacerbations, hospitalizations, and emergency department (ED) visits, to improve the Asthma Control Questionnaire (ACQ) score and proved a systemic corticosteroid sparing effect. Despite benefits, the number of exacerbations, hospitalizations, and ED visits, the mean ACQ score, and the cumulative dose of systemic corticosteroids remain higher in group 1 vs 2, with lower lung function parameters. The rates of responses were inferior in group 1 vs 2 with a decrease by ≥50% of exacerbation rate in 76% vs 97% of patients (p=.006), no hospitalization in 44% vs 91% of patients (p<.001), no ED visit 56% vs 82% of patients (p=.018), significant improvement of ACQ score by ≥0.5 in 68% vs 100% of patients (p<.001), and increase of forced expiratory volume in the first second by >10% in 32% vs 65% of patients (p=.007).
CONCLUSION CONCLUSIONS
Despite evident benefits, SA patients with AD have suboptimal responses to biologics compared to those immunocompetent. A multidisciplinary approach is necessary to optimize the management of these patients in practice.

Identifiants

pubmed: 38548169
pii: S2213-2198(24)00296-4
doi: 10.1016/j.jaip.2024.03.029
pii:
doi:

Types de publication

Journal Article

Langues

eng

Sous-ensembles de citation

IM

Informations de copyright

Copyright © 2024. Published by Elsevier Inc.

Auteurs

Angelica Tiotiu (A)

Department of Pneumology, University Hospital Saint-Luc, University of Louvain, 10 Av. Hippocrate, 1200 Brussels, Belgium; Pole Pneumology, ENT and Dermatology - LUNS, Institute of Experimental and Clinical Research (IREC), UCLouvain, 55 Av. Hippocrate, 1200 Brussels, Belgium. Electronic address: angelica.tiotiu@yahoo.comange.

Bertrand De Meulder (B)

European Institute for Systems Biology and Medicine, 37 Rue Paul Bovier-Lapierre 69530 Vourles, France. Electronic address: bdemeulder@eisbm.org.

Pierre Vaillant (P)

Department of Pneumology, University Hospital of Nancy, 9 Rue du Morvan, 54500 Nancy, France. Electronic address: p.vaillant@chru-nancy.fr.

Claudie Mouton-Faivre (C)

Departement of Allergology, University Hospital of Nancy, 9 Rue du Morvan, 54500 Nancy, France. Electronic address: moutonclaudie@yahoo.fr.

Roland Jaussaud (R)

Departement of Internal Medicine, University Hospital of Nancy; Faculty of Medicine, University of Lorraine, 9 Rue du Morvan, 54500 Nancy, France. Electronic address: r.jaussaud@chru-nancy.fr.

Classifications MeSH