Anxiety and depressive symptoms in first-time parents: A dyadic longitudinal study based on attachment theory.

Anxiety Couples Depression Parenthood Perinatal Romantic attachment

Journal

Journal of affective disorders
ISSN: 1573-2517
Titre abrégé: J Affect Disord
Pays: Netherlands
ID NLM: 7906073

Informations de publication

Date de publication:
27 Mar 2024
Historique:
received: 10 06 2023
revised: 12 12 2023
accepted: 04 01 2024
medline: 30 3 2024
pubmed: 30 3 2024
entrez: 29 3 2024
Statut: aheadofprint

Résumé

The aim of this study was to examine the temporal and dyadic associations between anxiety and depressive symptoms during the transition to parenthood (TTP), while exploring the antecedence of attachment insecurities in these associations. Couples of first-time parents (N = 211) completed the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale, the Experiences in Close Relationships scale, and a sociodemographic questionnaire during the second trimester of pregnancy and at four and twelve months postpartum. Both prenatal anxiety and depressive symptoms predicted postnatal depressive and anxiety symptoms. Prenatal attachment-related anxiety predicted higher postnatal anxiety and depressive symptoms whereas prenatal attachment-related avoidance predicted higher postnatal depressive symptoms only. Parents whose partners had a higher level of prenatal attachment-related anxiety experienced higher postnatal anxious and depressive symptoms via their own's prenatal depressive symptoms. Parents whose partners had a higher level of prenatal attachment-related avoidance experienced higher postnatal depressive symptoms via their own's prenatal anxious symptoms. No gender differences were found for the associations. The sample was predominantly composed of educated heterosexual French-Canadian Caucasian couples and all measures were self-reported. Our original findings suggest that professionals should routinely screen for anxiety and depressive symptoms in both partners from pregnancy up to one year postpartum. Also, our findings suggest addressing attachment insecurities with both partners to prevent the development of future symptoms during pregnancy or after childbirth. Finally, our study supports the relevance of considering these symptoms at subclinical levels during the TTP.

Sections du résumé

BACKGROUND BACKGROUND
The aim of this study was to examine the temporal and dyadic associations between anxiety and depressive symptoms during the transition to parenthood (TTP), while exploring the antecedence of attachment insecurities in these associations.
METHOD METHODS
Couples of first-time parents (N = 211) completed the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale, the Experiences in Close Relationships scale, and a sociodemographic questionnaire during the second trimester of pregnancy and at four and twelve months postpartum.
RESULTS RESULTS
Both prenatal anxiety and depressive symptoms predicted postnatal depressive and anxiety symptoms. Prenatal attachment-related anxiety predicted higher postnatal anxiety and depressive symptoms whereas prenatal attachment-related avoidance predicted higher postnatal depressive symptoms only. Parents whose partners had a higher level of prenatal attachment-related anxiety experienced higher postnatal anxious and depressive symptoms via their own's prenatal depressive symptoms. Parents whose partners had a higher level of prenatal attachment-related avoidance experienced higher postnatal depressive symptoms via their own's prenatal anxious symptoms. No gender differences were found for the associations.
LIMITATIONS CONCLUSIONS
The sample was predominantly composed of educated heterosexual French-Canadian Caucasian couples and all measures were self-reported.
CONCLUSIONS CONCLUSIONS
Our original findings suggest that professionals should routinely screen for anxiety and depressive symptoms in both partners from pregnancy up to one year postpartum. Also, our findings suggest addressing attachment insecurities with both partners to prevent the development of future symptoms during pregnancy or after childbirth. Finally, our study supports the relevance of considering these symptoms at subclinical levels during the TTP.

Identifiants

pubmed: 38552919
pii: S0165-0327(24)00525-1
doi: 10.1016/j.jad.2024.01.275
pii:
doi:

Types de publication

Journal Article

Langues

eng

Sous-ensembles de citation

IM

Informations de copyright

Copyright © 2024. Published by Elsevier B.V.

Déclaration de conflit d'intérêts

Declaration of competing interest None.

Auteurs

Anne-Sophie Gingras (AS)

Department of Psychology, Université de Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada.

Audrey Brassard (A)

Department of Psychology, Université de Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada. Electronic address: A.Brassard@usherbrooke.ca.

Katherine Péloquin (K)

Department of Psychology, Université de Montréal, Québec, Canada.

Marie-France Lafontaine (MF)

School of Psychology, University of Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.

Anne Brault-Labbé (A)

Department of Psychology, Université de Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada.

Patrick Gosselin (P)

Department of Psychology, Université de Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada.

Classifications MeSH