Propofol vs etomidate for induction prior to invasive mechanical ventilation in patients with acute myocardial infarction.

Acute myocardial infarction Cardiogenic shock Invasive mechanical ventilation Rapid sequence intubation

Journal

American heart journal
ISSN: 1097-6744
Titre abrégé: Am Heart J
Pays: United States
ID NLM: 0370465

Informations de publication

Date de publication:
28 Mar 2024
Historique:
received: 11 01 2024
revised: 19 03 2024
accepted: 21 03 2024
medline: 31 3 2024
pubmed: 31 3 2024
entrez: 30 3 2024
Statut: aheadofprint

Résumé

Patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) requiring invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV) have a high mortality. However, little is known regarding the impact of induction agents, used prior to IMV, on clinical outcomes in this population. We assessed for the association between induction agent and mortality in patients with AMI requiring IMV. We compared clinical outcomes between those receiving propofol compared to etomidate for induction among adults with AMI between October 2015 and December 2019 using the Vizient® Clinical Data Base, a multicenter, US national database. We used inverse probability treatment weighting (IPTW) to assess for the association between induction agent and in-hospital mortality. We identified 5,147 patients, 1,386 (26.9%) of received propofol and 3,761 (73.1%) received etomidate for IMV induction. The mean (SD) age was 66.1 (12.4) years, 33.0% were women, and 51.6% and 39.8% presented with STEMI and cardiogenic shock, respectively. Patients in the propofol group were more likely to require pre-intubation vasoactive medication and mechanical circulatory support (both, P<0.05). Utilization of propofol was associated with lower mortality compared to etomidate (32.3 vs. 36.1%, P=0.01). After propensity weighting, propofol use remained associated with lower mortality (weighted mean difference -4.7%; 95% Confidence interval: -7.6% to -1.8%, P=0.002). Total cost, ventilator days, and length of stay were higher in the propofol group (all, P<0.001). Induction with propofol, compared with etomidate, was associated with lower mortality for patients with AMI requiring IMV. Randomized trials are needed to determine the optimal induction agent for this critically ill patient population.

Sections du résumé

BACKGROUND BACKGROUND
Patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) requiring invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV) have a high mortality. However, little is known regarding the impact of induction agents, used prior to IMV, on clinical outcomes in this population. We assessed for the association between induction agent and mortality in patients with AMI requiring IMV.
METHODS METHODS
We compared clinical outcomes between those receiving propofol compared to etomidate for induction among adults with AMI between October 2015 and December 2019 using the Vizient® Clinical Data Base, a multicenter, US national database. We used inverse probability treatment weighting (IPTW) to assess for the association between induction agent and in-hospital mortality.
RESULTS RESULTS
We identified 5,147 patients, 1,386 (26.9%) of received propofol and 3,761 (73.1%) received etomidate for IMV induction. The mean (SD) age was 66.1 (12.4) years, 33.0% were women, and 51.6% and 39.8% presented with STEMI and cardiogenic shock, respectively. Patients in the propofol group were more likely to require pre-intubation vasoactive medication and mechanical circulatory support (both, P<0.05). Utilization of propofol was associated with lower mortality compared to etomidate (32.3 vs. 36.1%, P=0.01). After propensity weighting, propofol use remained associated with lower mortality (weighted mean difference -4.7%; 95% Confidence interval: -7.6% to -1.8%, P=0.002). Total cost, ventilator days, and length of stay were higher in the propofol group (all, P<0.001).
CONCLUSIONS CONCLUSIONS
Induction with propofol, compared with etomidate, was associated with lower mortality for patients with AMI requiring IMV. Randomized trials are needed to determine the optimal induction agent for this critically ill patient population.

Identifiants

pubmed: 38554762
pii: S0002-8703(24)00074-7
doi: 10.1016/j.ahj.2024.03.013
pii:
doi:

Types de publication

Journal Article

Langues

eng

Sous-ensembles de citation

IM

Informations de copyright

Copyright © 2024 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Déclaration de conflit d'intérêts

Declaration of competing interest None

Auteurs

Alexander Thomas (A)

Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT.

Soumya Banna (S)

Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT.

Andi Shahu (A)

Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT.

Tariq Ali (T)

Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT.

Christopher Schenck (C)

Department of Internal Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA.

Bhoumesh Patel (B)

Department of Anesthesiology, Cardiothoracic Division, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT.

Andrew Notarianni (A)

Department of Anesthesiology, Cardiothoracic Division, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT.

Melinda Phommalinh (M)

Heart and Vascular Center, Yale New Haven Hospital, New Haven, CT.

Ajar Kochar (A)

Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA.

Cory Heck (C)

Heart and Vascular Center, Yale New Haven Hospital, New Haven, CT.

Sean van Diepen (S)

Department of Critical Care and Division of Cardiology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.

P Elliott Miller (PE)

Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT. Electronic address: Elliott.miller@yale.edu.

Classifications MeSH