Is there an immunological cross-reactivity of antibodies to the myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein and coronaviruses?

Recent reports indicated that myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-associated disease might be a rare complication after severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection or vaccination. It is unclear whether this is an unspecific sequel of infection or vaccination or caused by possible immunological cross-reactivity of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 proteins and myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein. The aim of this study was therefore to elucidate whether there is an immunological cross-reactivity between severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 spike or nucleocapsid proteins and myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein and to explore the relation of antibody responses against myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 and other coronaviruses. We analysed serum samples from patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection and neurological symptoms with (myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-associated disease,

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© The Author(s) 2024. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Guarantors of Brain.

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S.M. received speaker honoraria from Novartis, Biogen and Sanofi. A.B. has participated in meetings sponsored by or received travel funding from Novartis, Sanofi-Genzyme, Merck, Almirall and Biogen. S.F. received speaker honoraria from Lundbeck. B.W. reports grants from the German Ministry of Education and Research, Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft, Dietmar Hopp Foundation, Klaus Tschira Foundation, and grants and personal fees from Merck, Novartis, and personal fees from Alexion, INSTAND, Roche. D.E. received speaker honoraria from Alexion and Horizon Therapeutics. T.K. has received speaker honoraria and/or personal fees for advisory boards from Novartis Pharma, Roche Pharma, Alexion/Astra Zeneca, Horizon, Merck, Chugai Pharma and Biogen. K.R. is a consultant for the Operetta2 study/Roche, received speaker honoraria from Merck. M.R. was supported by a research grant from Roche Austria. The other authors report no competing interests.