Genetic diversity of Mycobacterium leprae: Need to move towards genome-wide approaches.
Journal
The Indian journal of medical research
ISSN: 0971-5916
Titre abrégé: Indian J Med Res
Pays: India
ID NLM: 0374701
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
01 Feb 2024
01 Feb 2024
Historique:
received:
18
11
2022
medline:
5
4
2024
pubmed:
5
4
2024
entrez:
5
4
2024
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
Leprosy, an ancient disease, continues to be a public health concern as it remains endemic in several countries. After reaching the elimination target (1/10,000) as a public health problem in 2005 in India, around 1.2 lakh cases have been detected every year over the last decade indicating active transmission of leprosy bacillus (Mycobacterium leprae). Single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), genomic insertions/deletions and variable-number tandem repeats (VNTRs) have been identified as genetic markers for tracking M. leprae transmission. As the leprosy bacilli cannot be cultured in vitro, molecular testing of M. leprae genotypes is done by polymerase chain reaction-based sequencing which provides a practical alternative for the identification of strains as well as drug resistance-associated mutations. Whole-genome sequencing (WGS) of M. leprae directly from clinical samples has also proven to be an effective tool for identifying genetic variations which can further help refine the molecular epidemiological schemes based on SNPs and VNTRs. However, the WGS data of M. leprae strains from India are scarce, being responsible for a gross under-representation of the genetic diversity of M. leprae strains present in India and need to be addressed suitably. Molecular studies of leprosy can provide better insight into phylogeographic markers to monitor the transmission dynamics and emergence of antimicrobial resistance. An improved understanding of M. leprae transmission is essential to guide efficient leprosy control strategies. Therefore, this review compiles and discusses the current status of molecular epidemiology, genotyping and the potential of genome-wide analysis of M. leprae strains in the Indian context.
Identifiants
pubmed: 38577854
doi: 10.4103/ijmr.ijmr_2383_22
pii: 02223309-202402000-00002
doi:
Types de publication
Journal Article
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
121-129Informations de copyright
Copyright © 2024 Copyright: © 2024 Indian Journal of Medical Research.
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