Treatment response as surrogate to predict risk for disease progression in pediatric medulloblastoma with persistent MRI lesions after first-line treatment.

BACKGROUND

This study aims at clarifying the impact of persistent residual lesions following first-line treatment for pediatric medulloblastoma.

METHODS

Data on 84 pediatric patients with medulloblastoma and persistent residual lesions on centrally reviewed MRI at the end of first-line therapy were analyzed.

RESULTS

Twenty patients (23.8%) had residual lesions in the tumor bed (R+/M0), 51 (60.7%) had distant lesions (R0/M+) and 13 (15.5%) had both (R+/M+). Overall response to first-line therapy was minor or partial (≥25% reduction, MR/PR) for 64 (76.2%) and stable disease (SD) for 20 patients (23.8%). Five-year post-primary-treatment progression-free (pptPFS) and overall survival (pptOS) were superior after MR/PR (pptPFS: 62.5±7.0%[MR/PR] vs. 35.9±12.8%[SD], p=0.03; pptOS: 79.7±5.9[MR/PR] vs. 55.5±13.9[SD], p=0.04). Further, R+/M+ was associated with a higher risk for progression (5-year pptPFS: 22.9±17.9%[R+,M+] vs. 72.4±12.0%[R+,M0]; p=0.03). Watch-and-wait was pursued in 58 patients, while n=26 received additional treatments (chemotherapy only, n=19; surgery only, n=2; combined, n=3; valproic acid, n=2), and their outcomes were not superior to watch-and-wait (5-year pptPFS: 58.5±7.7% vs. 51.6±10.7% p=0.71; 5-year pptOS: 76.3±6.9% vs. 69.8±9.7%, p=0.74). For the whole cohort, five-year pptPFS by molecular subgroup (58 cases) were WNT: 100%, SHH: 50.0±35.4%, Group-4, 52.5±10.5, Group-3 54.2±13.8%; (p=0.08).

CONCLUSION

Overall response and extent of lesions can function as surrogate parameters to predict outcomes in pediatric MB patients with persistent lesions after first-line therapy. Especially in case of solitary persistent medulloblastoma MRI lesion, additional therapy was not beneficial. Therefore, treatment response, extent/kind of residual lesions and further diagnostic information needs consideration for indication of additional treatments for persisting lesions.

Informations de copyright

© The Author(s) 2024. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Society for Neuro-Oncology. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: [e-mail].