Condylar fracture location is correlated to exercise history in Thoroughbred racehorses.
disease
horse
joint
microfracture
osteochondral
palmar
remodelling
Journal
Equine veterinary journal
ISSN: 2042-3306
Titre abrégé: Equine Vet J
Pays: United States
ID NLM: 0173320
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
07 Apr 2024
07 Apr 2024
Historique:
received:
01
08
2023
accepted:
14
03
2024
medline:
8
4
2024
pubmed:
8
4
2024
entrez:
8
4
2024
Statut:
aheadofprint
Résumé
Condylar fractures are a major cause of morbidity and mortality in Thoroughbred racehorses. Condylar fractures have a variety of fracture configurations that suggest there may be differences in aetiopathogenesis. To determine if exercise history differs with condylar fracture location in a population of Thoroughbred racehorses. Retrospective analysis of clinical and exercise data. Exercise history of Thoroughbred racehorses that had condylar fracture repair between 1 January 2018 and 28 February 2021 was compared between racehorses that had fractures located radiographically either within the parasagittal groove (PSG) or abaxial to the PSG (non-PSG). Age, sex, and last event (race, timed work) matched control groups were compared between the PSG and non-PSG groups. Additionally, exercise history variables of both groups were each compared with a group-specific control population, each consisting of three control racehorses of equivalent age and sex matched to each affected racehorse by last event (race or official timed work) before fracture. Eighty-two horses with 84 fractures (45 PSG, 39 non-PSG) met inclusion criteria. Age was not different between groups (PSG: 3.4 ± 1.3 years [mean ± SD], non-PSG: 3.7 ± 1.3, p = 0.3). Number of races (PSG: 5.3 ± 7.1, non-PSG: 11.4 ± 8.9, p < 0.001), total race furlongs (PSG: 38.2 ± 54.7, non-PSG: 79.2 ± 64, p = 0.003), and number of active days (PSG: 304 ± 224, non-PSG: 488 ± 314, p = 0.003) before fracture were greater; while mean number of layups was fewer (PSG: 1.0 ± 1.2, non-PSG: 0.5 ± 0.7, p = 0.02) in horses with non-PSG fracture. Horses with non-PSG fracture had more differences compared with their respective control group than horses with PSG fractures. Outcomes following fracture repair were not different between groups. Retrospective study, one regional racehorse population, two-dimensional imaging and potential inherent bias for fracture localisation, low statistical power for return to performance analysis. Thoroughbred racehorses with non-PSG condylar fractures have a more extensive exercise history than horses with PSG condylar fractures, suggesting differences in fracture aetiopathogenesis. Fraturas condilares são uma das principais causas de morbidade e mortalidade em cavalos de corrida puro‐sangue inglês. As fraturas condilares apresentam uma variedade de configurações que sugerem que pode haver diferenças em suas etiopatogenia. Determinar se o histórico de exercícios difere com a localização da fratura condilar em uma população de cavalos de corrida puro‐sangue inglês. Análise retrospectiva de dados clínicos e de exercício. MÉTODOS: O histórico de exercícios de cavalos de corrida puro‐sangue inglês que tiveram reparo de fratura condilar entre 1 de janeiro de 2018 e 28 de fevereiro de 2021 foi comparado entre cavalos de corrida que tiveram fratura localizada radiograficamente dentro da ranhura parasagital (RPS) ou abaxial à RPS (não RPS). Os grupos foram pareados de acordo com a idade, sexo e último evento (corrida ou trabalho cronometrado) para comparação de RPS e não RPS. Além disso, as variáveis de histórico de exercícios de ambos os grupos foram comparadas a uma população de controle específica, cada uma consistindo em três cavalos de corrida de controle com idade e sexo equivalentes combinados com cada cavalo de corrida afetado pelo último evento (corrida ou trabalho cronometrado oficial) antes da fratura. Oitenta e dois cavalos com 84 fraturas (45 RPS, 39 não RPS) atenderam aos critérios de inclusão. A idade não foi diferente entre os grupos (RPS: 3,4 ± 1,3 anos (média ± DP), não RPS: 3,7 ± 1,3, p=0,3). O número de corridas (RPS: 5,3 ± 7,1, não RPS: 11,4 ± 8,9, p<0,001), furlongs totais de corrida (RPS: 38,2 ± 54,7, não RPS: 79,2 ± 64, p=0,003) e número de dias ativos (RPS: 304 ± 224, não RPS: 488 ± 314, p=0,003) antes da fratura foram maiores; enquanto o número médio de repousos foi menor (RPS: 1,0 ± 1,2, não RPS: 0,5 ± 0,7, p=0,02) em cavalos com fratura não RPS. Cavalos com fratura não RPS tiveram mais diferenças em comparação com seu grupo controle respectivo do que cavalos com fraturas RPS. Os resultados após o reparo da fratura não foram diferentes entre os grupos. PRINCIPAIS LIMITAÇÕES: Estudo retrospectivo, uma população regional de cavalos de corrida, imagens bidimensionais e viés inerente potencial para localização de fraturas, baixo poder estatístico para análise de retorno ao desempenho. CONCLUSÕES: Cavalos de corrida puro‐sangue inglês com fraturas condilares não RPS têm um histórico de exercícios mais extenso do que cavalos com fraturas condilares RPS, sugerindo diferenças na etiopatogenia das fraturas.
Sections du résumé
BACKGROUND
BACKGROUND
Condylar fractures are a major cause of morbidity and mortality in Thoroughbred racehorses. Condylar fractures have a variety of fracture configurations that suggest there may be differences in aetiopathogenesis.
OBJECTIVE
OBJECTIVE
To determine if exercise history differs with condylar fracture location in a population of Thoroughbred racehorses.
STUDY DESIGN
METHODS
Retrospective analysis of clinical and exercise data.
METHODS
METHODS
Exercise history of Thoroughbred racehorses that had condylar fracture repair between 1 January 2018 and 28 February 2021 was compared between racehorses that had fractures located radiographically either within the parasagittal groove (PSG) or abaxial to the PSG (non-PSG). Age, sex, and last event (race, timed work) matched control groups were compared between the PSG and non-PSG groups. Additionally, exercise history variables of both groups were each compared with a group-specific control population, each consisting of three control racehorses of equivalent age and sex matched to each affected racehorse by last event (race or official timed work) before fracture.
RESULTS
RESULTS
Eighty-two horses with 84 fractures (45 PSG, 39 non-PSG) met inclusion criteria. Age was not different between groups (PSG: 3.4 ± 1.3 years [mean ± SD], non-PSG: 3.7 ± 1.3, p = 0.3). Number of races (PSG: 5.3 ± 7.1, non-PSG: 11.4 ± 8.9, p < 0.001), total race furlongs (PSG: 38.2 ± 54.7, non-PSG: 79.2 ± 64, p = 0.003), and number of active days (PSG: 304 ± 224, non-PSG: 488 ± 314, p = 0.003) before fracture were greater; while mean number of layups was fewer (PSG: 1.0 ± 1.2, non-PSG: 0.5 ± 0.7, p = 0.02) in horses with non-PSG fracture. Horses with non-PSG fracture had more differences compared with their respective control group than horses with PSG fractures. Outcomes following fracture repair were not different between groups.
MAIN LIMITATIONS
CONCLUSIONS
Retrospective study, one regional racehorse population, two-dimensional imaging and potential inherent bias for fracture localisation, low statistical power for return to performance analysis.
CONCLUSIONS
CONCLUSIONS
Thoroughbred racehorses with non-PSG condylar fractures have a more extensive exercise history than horses with PSG condylar fractures, suggesting differences in fracture aetiopathogenesis.
CONTEXTO
UNASSIGNED
Fraturas condilares são uma das principais causas de morbidade e mortalidade em cavalos de corrida puro‐sangue inglês. As fraturas condilares apresentam uma variedade de configurações que sugerem que pode haver diferenças em suas etiopatogenia.
OBJETIVO
OBJECTIVE
Determinar se o histórico de exercícios difere com a localização da fratura condilar em uma população de cavalos de corrida puro‐sangue inglês.
DELINEAMENTO DO ESTUDO
UNASSIGNED
Análise retrospectiva de dados clínicos e de exercício. MÉTODOS: O histórico de exercícios de cavalos de corrida puro‐sangue inglês que tiveram reparo de fratura condilar entre 1 de janeiro de 2018 e 28 de fevereiro de 2021 foi comparado entre cavalos de corrida que tiveram fratura localizada radiograficamente dentro da ranhura parasagital (RPS) ou abaxial à RPS (não RPS). Os grupos foram pareados de acordo com a idade, sexo e último evento (corrida ou trabalho cronometrado) para comparação de RPS e não RPS. Além disso, as variáveis de histórico de exercícios de ambos os grupos foram comparadas a uma população de controle específica, cada uma consistindo em três cavalos de corrida de controle com idade e sexo equivalentes combinados com cada cavalo de corrida afetado pelo último evento (corrida ou trabalho cronometrado oficial) antes da fratura.
RESULTADOS
RESULTS
Oitenta e dois cavalos com 84 fraturas (45 RPS, 39 não RPS) atenderam aos critérios de inclusão. A idade não foi diferente entre os grupos (RPS: 3,4 ± 1,3 anos (média ± DP), não RPS: 3,7 ± 1,3, p=0,3). O número de corridas (RPS: 5,3 ± 7,1, não RPS: 11,4 ± 8,9, p<0,001), furlongs totais de corrida (RPS: 38,2 ± 54,7, não RPS: 79,2 ± 64, p=0,003) e número de dias ativos (RPS: 304 ± 224, não RPS: 488 ± 314, p=0,003) antes da fratura foram maiores; enquanto o número médio de repousos foi menor (RPS: 1,0 ± 1,2, não RPS: 0,5 ± 0,7, p=0,02) em cavalos com fratura não RPS. Cavalos com fratura não RPS tiveram mais diferenças em comparação com seu grupo controle respectivo do que cavalos com fraturas RPS. Os resultados após o reparo da fratura não foram diferentes entre os grupos. PRINCIPAIS LIMITAÇÕES: Estudo retrospectivo, uma população regional de cavalos de corrida, imagens bidimensionais e viés inerente potencial para localização de fraturas, baixo poder estatístico para análise de retorno ao desempenho. CONCLUSÕES: Cavalos de corrida puro‐sangue inglês com fraturas condilares não RPS têm um histórico de exercícios mais extenso do que cavalos com fraturas condilares RPS, sugerindo diferenças na etiopatogenia das fraturas.
Autres résumés
Type: Publisher
(por)
Fraturas condilares são uma das principais causas de morbidade e mortalidade em cavalos de corrida puro‐sangue inglês. As fraturas condilares apresentam uma variedade de configurações que sugerem que pode haver diferenças em suas etiopatogenia.
Types de publication
Journal Article
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Informations de copyright
© 2024 The Authors. Equine Veterinary Journal published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of EVJ Ltd.
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