Pembrolizumab-based first-line treatment for PD-L1-positive, recurrent or metastatic head and neck squamous cell carcinoma: a retrospective analysis.

Biomarkers HNSCC Immunotherapy PD-L1 Pembrolizumab

Journal

BMC cancer
ISSN: 1471-2407
Titre abrégé: BMC Cancer
Pays: England
ID NLM: 100967800

Informations de publication

Date de publication:
08 Apr 2024
Historique:
received: 24 06 2023
accepted: 20 03 2024
medline: 9 4 2024
pubmed: 9 4 2024
entrez: 8 4 2024
Statut: epublish

Résumé

The KEYNOTE-048 trial showed that pembrolizumab-based first-line treatment for R/M HNSCC led to improved OS in the PD-L1 CPS ≥ 1 population when compared to the EXTREME regimen. However, the R/M HNSCC real-world population is generally frailer, often presenting with multiple comorbidities, worse performance status and older age than the population included in phase III clinical trials. This is a retrospective, single-centre analysis of patients with R/M HNSCC treated with pembrolizumab-based first-line treatment. From February 2021 to March 2023, 92 patients were treated with pembrolizumab-based first-line treatment. Patients treated with pembrolizumab-based chemoimmunotherapy had better ECOG PS and younger age than those treated with pembrolizumab monotherapy. Median PFS and OS were 4 months and 8 months, respectively. PFS was similar among patients treated with pembrolizumab-based chemoimmunotherapy and pembrolizumab monotherapy, while patients treated with pembrolizumab monotherapy had worse OS (log-rank p =.001, HR 2.7). PFS and OS were improved in patients with PD-L1 CPS > = 20 (PFS: log-rank p =.005, HR 0.50; OS: log-rank p =.04, HR 0.57). Patients with higher ECOG PS scores had worse PFS and OS (PFS, log-rank p =.004; OS, log-rank p = 6e-04). In multivariable analysis, ECOG PS2 was associated with worse PFS and OS. PFS in our real-world cohort was similar to the KEYNOTE-048 reference while OS was numerically inferior. A deeper understanding of clinical variables that might affect survival outcomes of patients with R/M HNSCC beyond ECOG PS and PD-L1 CPS is urgently needed.

Sections du résumé

BACKGROUND BACKGROUND
The KEYNOTE-048 trial showed that pembrolizumab-based first-line treatment for R/M HNSCC led to improved OS in the PD-L1 CPS ≥ 1 population when compared to the EXTREME regimen. However, the R/M HNSCC real-world population is generally frailer, often presenting with multiple comorbidities, worse performance status and older age than the population included in phase III clinical trials.
METHODS METHODS
This is a retrospective, single-centre analysis of patients with R/M HNSCC treated with pembrolizumab-based first-line treatment.
RESULTS RESULTS
From February 2021 to March 2023, 92 patients were treated with pembrolizumab-based first-line treatment. Patients treated with pembrolizumab-based chemoimmunotherapy had better ECOG PS and younger age than those treated with pembrolizumab monotherapy. Median PFS and OS were 4 months and 8 months, respectively. PFS was similar among patients treated with pembrolizumab-based chemoimmunotherapy and pembrolizumab monotherapy, while patients treated with pembrolizumab monotherapy had worse OS (log-rank p =.001, HR 2.7). PFS and OS were improved in patients with PD-L1 CPS > = 20 (PFS: log-rank p =.005, HR 0.50; OS: log-rank p =.04, HR 0.57). Patients with higher ECOG PS scores had worse PFS and OS (PFS, log-rank p =.004; OS, log-rank p = 6e-04). In multivariable analysis, ECOG PS2 was associated with worse PFS and OS.
CONCLUSIONS CONCLUSIONS
PFS in our real-world cohort was similar to the KEYNOTE-048 reference while OS was numerically inferior. A deeper understanding of clinical variables that might affect survival outcomes of patients with R/M HNSCC beyond ECOG PS and PD-L1 CPS is urgently needed.

Identifiants

pubmed: 38589857
doi: 10.1186/s12885-024-12155-3
pii: 10.1186/s12885-024-12155-3
doi:

Types de publication

Journal Article

Langues

eng

Sous-ensembles de citation

IM

Pagination

430

Informations de copyright

© 2024. The Author(s).

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Auteurs

Alessio Cirillo (A)

Department of Radiological, Oncological and Pathological Sciences, Sapienza University, 00161, Rome, Italy.

Daniele Marinelli (D)

Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University, 00161, Rome, Italy. daniele.marinelli@uniroma1.it.

Umberto Romeo (U)

Department of Oral Sciences and Maxillofacial Surgery, Sapienza University, 00161, Rome, Italy.

Daniela Messineo (D)

Department of Radiological, Oncological and Pathological Sciences, Sapienza University, 00161, Rome, Italy.

Francesca De Felice (F)

Department of Radiological, Oncological and Pathological Sciences, Sapienza University, 00161, Rome, Italy.

Marco De Vincentiis (M)

Department of Sense Organs, Sapienza University, 00161, Rome, Italy.

Valentino Valentini (V)

Department of Oral Sciences and Maxillofacial Surgery, Sapienza University, 00161, Rome, Italy.

Silvia Mezi (S)

Department of Radiological, Oncological and Pathological Sciences, Sapienza University, 00161, Rome, Italy.

Filippo Valentini (F)

Department of Oral Sciences and Maxillofacial Surgery, Sapienza University, 00161, Rome, Italy.

Luca Vivona (L)

Department of Radiological, Oncological and Pathological Sciences, Sapienza University, 00161, Rome, Italy.

Antonella Chiavassa (A)

Department of Radiological, Oncological and Pathological Sciences, Sapienza University, 00161, Rome, Italy.

Bruna Cerbelli (B)

Department of Medical-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University, 04100, Latina, Italy.

Daniele Santini (D)

Department of Medical-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University, 04100, Latina, Italy.

Paolo Bossi (P)

Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences and Public Health, University of Brescia, 25121, Brescia, Italy.

Antonella Polimeni (A)

Department of Oral Sciences and Maxillofacial Surgery, Sapienza University, 00161, Rome, Italy.

Paolo Marchetti (P)

Istituto Dermopatico dell'Immacolata (IDI-IRCCS), 00167, Rome, Italy.

Andrea Botticelli (A)

Department of Radiological, Oncological and Pathological Sciences, Sapienza University, 00161, Rome, Italy.

Classifications MeSH