D3/Penta 21 clinical trial design: A randomised non-inferiority trial with nested drug licensing substudy to assess dolutegravir and lamivudine fixed dose formulations for the maintenance of virological suppression in children with HIV-1 infection, aged 2 to 15 years.

Adolescents Children Dolutegravir/lamivudine HIV Randomised control trial Two-drug therapy

Journal

Contemporary clinical trials
ISSN: 1559-2030
Titre abrégé: Contemp Clin Trials
Pays: United States
ID NLM: 101242342

Informations de publication

Date de publication:
16 Apr 2024
Historique:
received: 04 01 2024
revised: 29 03 2024
accepted: 15 04 2024
medline: 19 4 2024
pubmed: 19 4 2024
entrez: 18 4 2024
Statut: aheadofprint

Résumé

There is increasing interest in utilising two-drug regimens for HIV treatment with the goal of reducing toxicity and improve acceptability. The D3 trial evaluates the efficacy and safety of DTG/3TC in children and adolescents and includes a nested pharmacokinetics(PK) substudy for paediatric drug licensing. D3 is an ongoing open-label, phase III, 96-week non-inferiority randomised controlled trial(RCT) conducted in South Africa, Spain, Thailand, Uganda and the United Kingdom. D3 has enrolled 386 children aged 2- < 15 years, virologically suppressed for ≥6 months, with no prior treatment failure. Participants were randomised 1:1 to receive DTG/3TC or DTG plus two nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors(NRTIs), stratified by region, age (2- < 6, 6- < 12, 12- < 15 years) and DTG use at enrolment (participants permitted to start DTG at enrolment). The primary outcome is confirmed HIV-1 RNA viral rebound ≥50 copies/mL by 96-weeks. The trial employs the Smooth Away From Expected(SAFE) non-inferiority frontier, which specifies the non-inferiority margin and significance level based on the observed event risk in the control arm. The nested PK substudy evaluates WHO weight-band-aligned dosing in the DTG/3TC arm. D3 is the first comparative trial evaluating DTG/3TC in children and adolescents. Implications of integrating a PK substudy and supplying data for prompt regulatory submission, were carefully considered to ensure the integrity of the ongoing trial. The trial uses an innovative non-inferiority frontier for the primary analysis to allow for a lower-than-expected confirmed viral rebound risk in the control arm, while ensuring interpretability of results and maintaining the planned sample size in an already funded trial. International Standard Randomised Clinical Trial Number Register: ISRCTN17157458. European Clinical Trials Database: 2020-001426-57. gov: NCT04337450.

Sections du résumé

BACKGROUND BACKGROUND
There is increasing interest in utilising two-drug regimens for HIV treatment with the goal of reducing toxicity and improve acceptability. The D3 trial evaluates the efficacy and safety of DTG/3TC in children and adolescents and includes a nested pharmacokinetics(PK) substudy for paediatric drug licensing.
METHODS METHODS
D3 is an ongoing open-label, phase III, 96-week non-inferiority randomised controlled trial(RCT) conducted in South Africa, Spain, Thailand, Uganda and the United Kingdom. D3 has enrolled 386 children aged 2- < 15 years, virologically suppressed for ≥6 months, with no prior treatment failure. Participants were randomised 1:1 to receive DTG/3TC or DTG plus two nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors(NRTIs), stratified by region, age (2- < 6, 6- < 12, 12- < 15 years) and DTG use at enrolment (participants permitted to start DTG at enrolment). The primary outcome is confirmed HIV-1 RNA viral rebound ≥50 copies/mL by 96-weeks. The trial employs the Smooth Away From Expected(SAFE) non-inferiority frontier, which specifies the non-inferiority margin and significance level based on the observed event risk in the control arm. The nested PK substudy evaluates WHO weight-band-aligned dosing in the DTG/3TC arm.
DISCUSSION CONCLUSIONS
D3 is the first comparative trial evaluating DTG/3TC in children and adolescents. Implications of integrating a PK substudy and supplying data for prompt regulatory submission, were carefully considered to ensure the integrity of the ongoing trial. The trial uses an innovative non-inferiority frontier for the primary analysis to allow for a lower-than-expected confirmed viral rebound risk in the control arm, while ensuring interpretability of results and maintaining the planned sample size in an already funded trial.
TRIAL REGISTRATION BACKGROUND
International Standard Randomised Clinical Trial Number Register: ISRCTN17157458. European Clinical Trials Database: 2020-001426-57.
CLINICALTRIALS RESULTS
gov: NCT04337450.

Identifiants

pubmed: 38636725
pii: S1551-7144(24)00123-X
doi: 10.1016/j.cct.2024.107540
pii:
doi:

Banques de données

ClinicalTrials.gov
['NCT04337450']

Types de publication

Journal Article

Langues

eng

Sous-ensembles de citation

IM

Pagination

107540

Informations de copyright

Copyright © 2024. Published by Elsevier Inc.

Auteurs

Anna Turkova (A)

Medical Research Council Clinical Trials Unit at University College London, UK. Electronic address: a.turkova@ucl.ac.uk.

Man K Chan (MK)

Medical Research Council Clinical Trials Unit at University College London, UK.

Cissy Kityo (C)

Joint Clinical Research Centre, Kampala, Uganda.

Adeodata R Kekitiinwa (AR)

Baylor College of Medicine, Kampala, Uganda.

Philippa Musoke (P)

Makerere University-Johns Hopkins University Research Collaboration, Kampala, Uganda.

Avy Violari (A)

Perinatal HIV Research Unit, University of the Witwarsrand, Johannesburg, South Africa.

Ebrahim Variava (E)

Perinatal HIV Research Unit, University of the Witwarsrand, Johannesburg, South Africa.

Moherndran Archary (M)

Department of Paediatrics and Children Health, King Edward VIII Hospital, Enhancing Care Foundation, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa.

Tim R Cressey (TR)

AMS-IRD PHPT Research Collaboration, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand.

Suwalai Chalermpantmetagul (S)

AMS-IRD PHPT Research Collaboration, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand.

Kanokkorn Sawasdichai (K)

Prapokklao Hospital, Chantaburi, Thailand.

Pradthana Ounchanum (P)

Chiangrai Prachanukroh Hospital, Chiang Rai, Thailand.

Suparat Kanjanavanit (S)

Nakornping Hospital, Chiang Mai, Thailand.

Sakulrat Srirojana (S)

Kalasin Hospital, Kalasin, Thailand.

Ussanee Srirompotong (U)

Khon Kaen Hospital, Khon Kaen, Thailand.

Steven Welch (S)

Heartlands Hospital, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK.

Alasdair Bamford (A)

Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK; University College London Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, UK.

Cristina Epalza (C)

Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital, 12 de Octubre (imas12), Madrid, Spain.

Clàudia Fortuny (C)

Infectious Diseases Department, Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Sant Joan de Déu Children's Hospital, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Surgery and Medico-Surgical Specialties, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.

Angela Colbers (A)

Department of Pharmacy, Radboud Institute for Medical InnovationHealth Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands.

Eleni Nastouli (E)

University College London Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, UK; University College London Hospitals NHS Trust, Advanced Pathogen Diagnostics Unit, London, UK.

Simon Walker (S)

Centre for Health Economics, University of York, Heslington, York, UK.

Dan Carr (D)

Department of Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology, University of Liverpool, UK.

Magda Conway (M)

Fondazione Penta ETS, Padova, Italy.

Moira J Spyer (MJ)

Medical Research Council Clinical Trials Unit at University College London, UK; University College London Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, UK.

Nazia Parkar (N)

Medical Research Council Clinical Trials Unit at University College London, UK.

Iona White (I)

Medical Research Council Clinical Trials Unit at University College London, UK.

Alessandra Nardone (A)

Fondazione Penta ETS, Padova, Italy.

Margaret J Thomason (MJ)

Medical Research Council Clinical Trials Unit at University College London, UK.

Rashida A Ferrand (RA)

London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, UK.

Carlo Giaquinto (C)

Fondazione Penta ETS, Padova, Italy; University of Padova, Department of Women and Child Health, Padova, Italy.

Deborah Ford (D)

Medical Research Council Clinical Trials Unit at University College London, UK.

Classifications MeSH