Greater Disease Severity and Worse Clinical Outcomes in Patients Hospitalised with COVID-19 in Africa.

Africa COVID-19 cardiovascular disease mortality sub-Saharan Africa

Journal

Global heart
ISSN: 2211-8179
Titre abrégé: Glob Heart
Pays: England
ID NLM: 101584391

Informations de publication

Date de publication:
2024
Historique:
received: 03 10 2023
accepted: 27 02 2024
medline: 19 4 2024
pubmed: 19 4 2024
entrez: 19 4 2024
Statut: epublish

Résumé

COVID-19 cardiovascular research from Africa is limited. This study describes cardiovascular risk factors, manifestations, and outcomes of patients hospitalised with COVID-19 in the African region, with an overarching goal to investigate whether important differences exist between African and other populations, which may inform health policies. A multinational prospective cohort study was conducted on adults hospitalised with confirmed COVID-19, consecutively admitted to 40 hospitals across 23 countries, 6 of which were African countries. Of the 5,313 participants enrolled globally, 948 were from African sites (n = 9). Data on demographics, pre-existing conditions, clinical outcomes in hospital (major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE), renal failure, neurological events, pulmonary outcomes, and death), 30-day vitality status and re-hospitalization were assessed, comparing African to non-African participants. Access to specialist care at African sites was significantly lower than the global average (71% vs. 95%), as were ICU admissions (19.4% vs. 34.0%) and COVID-19 vaccination rates (0.6% vs. 7.4%). The African cohort was slightly younger than the non-African cohort (55.0 vs. 57.5 years), with higher rates of hypertension (48.8% vs. 46.9%), HIV (5.9% vs. 0.3%), and Tuberculosis (3.6% vs. 0.3%). In African sites, a higher proportion of patients suffered cardiac arrest (7.5% vs. 5.1%) and acute kidney injury (12.7% vs. 7.2%), with acute kidney injury (AKI) appearing to be one of the strongest predictors of MACE and death in African populations compared to other populations. The overall mortality rate was significantly higher among African participants (18.2% vs. 14.2%). Overall, hospitalised African patients with COVID-19 had a higher mortality despite a lower mean age, contradicting literature that had previously reported a lower mortality attributed to COVID-19 in Africa. African sites had lower COVID-19 vaccination rates and higher AKI rates, which were positively associated with increased mortality. In conclusion, African patients were hospitalized with more severe COVID-19 cases and had poorer outcomes.

Sections du résumé

Background UNASSIGNED
COVID-19 cardiovascular research from Africa is limited. This study describes cardiovascular risk factors, manifestations, and outcomes of patients hospitalised with COVID-19 in the African region, with an overarching goal to investigate whether important differences exist between African and other populations, which may inform health policies.
Methods UNASSIGNED
A multinational prospective cohort study was conducted on adults hospitalised with confirmed COVID-19, consecutively admitted to 40 hospitals across 23 countries, 6 of which were African countries. Of the 5,313 participants enrolled globally, 948 were from African sites (n = 9). Data on demographics, pre-existing conditions, clinical outcomes in hospital (major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE), renal failure, neurological events, pulmonary outcomes, and death), 30-day vitality status and re-hospitalization were assessed, comparing African to non-African participants.
Results UNASSIGNED
Access to specialist care at African sites was significantly lower than the global average (71% vs. 95%), as were ICU admissions (19.4% vs. 34.0%) and COVID-19 vaccination rates (0.6% vs. 7.4%). The African cohort was slightly younger than the non-African cohort (55.0 vs. 57.5 years), with higher rates of hypertension (48.8% vs. 46.9%), HIV (5.9% vs. 0.3%), and Tuberculosis (3.6% vs. 0.3%). In African sites, a higher proportion of patients suffered cardiac arrest (7.5% vs. 5.1%) and acute kidney injury (12.7% vs. 7.2%), with acute kidney injury (AKI) appearing to be one of the strongest predictors of MACE and death in African populations compared to other populations. The overall mortality rate was significantly higher among African participants (18.2% vs. 14.2%).
Conclusions UNASSIGNED
Overall, hospitalised African patients with COVID-19 had a higher mortality despite a lower mean age, contradicting literature that had previously reported a lower mortality attributed to COVID-19 in Africa. African sites had lower COVID-19 vaccination rates and higher AKI rates, which were positively associated with increased mortality. In conclusion, African patients were hospitalized with more severe COVID-19 cases and had poorer outcomes.

Identifiants

pubmed: 38638124
doi: 10.5334/gh.1314
pmc: PMC11025574
doi:

Types de publication

Journal Article

Langues

eng

Sous-ensembles de citation

IM

Pagination

34

Informations de copyright

Copyright: © 2024 The Author(s).

Déclaration de conflit d'intérêts

The authors have no competing interests to declare.

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Auteurs

Lina Hahnle (L)

Department of Medicine, University of Cape Town, South Africa.
UCT/SAMRC Extramural Unit on Intersection of Noncommunicable Diseases and Infectious Diseases, South Africa.
ARUA/GUILD Cluster of Research Excellence on Noncommunicable Diseases and associated multimorbidities, South Africa.

Mathilda Mennen (M)

Department of Medicine, University of Cape Town, South Africa.
UCT/SAMRC Extramural Unit on Intersection of Noncommunicable Diseases and Infectious Diseases, South Africa.
ARUA/GUILD Cluster of Research Excellence on Noncommunicable Diseases and associated multimorbidities, South Africa.

Freedom Gumedze (F)

Department of Statistical Sciences, University of Cape Town, South Africa.

Daniel Mutithu (D)

UCT/SAMRC Extramural Unit on Intersection of Noncommunicable Diseases and Infectious Diseases, South Africa.
ARUA/GUILD Cluster of Research Excellence on Noncommunicable Diseases and associated multimorbidities, South Africa.
Cape Heart Institute, University of Cape Town, South Africa.

Marguerite Adriaanse (M)

Department of Medicine, University of Cape Town, South Africa.
UCT/SAMRC Extramural Unit on Intersection of Noncommunicable Diseases and Infectious Diseases, South Africa.
ARUA/GUILD Cluster of Research Excellence on Noncommunicable Diseases and associated multimorbidities, South Africa.

Daniel Egan (D)

Department of Medicine, University of Cape Town, South Africa.

Simthandile Mazondwa (S)

Department of Medicine, University of Cape Town, South Africa.

Rochelle Walters (R)

Department of Medicine, University of Cape Town, South Africa.
UCT/SAMRC Extramural Unit on Intersection of Noncommunicable Diseases and Infectious Diseases, South Africa.
ARUA/GUILD Cluster of Research Excellence on Noncommunicable Diseases and associated multimorbidities, South Africa.

Lambert Tetteh Appiah (LT)

Department of Medicine, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science & Technology (KNUST) and Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital, Kumasi, Ghana.

Francisca Inofomoh (F)

Internal Medicine Department, Olabisi Onabanjo University Teaching Hospital, Nigeria.

Okechukwu Ogah (O)

Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, and University College Hospital Ibadan, Nigeria.

Olukemi Adekanmbi (O)

Department of Medicine, University College Hospital Ibadan, Nigeria.

Fastone Goma (F)

Centre for Primary Care Research, Levy Mwanawasa University Teaching Hospital, Lusaka, Zambia.

Elijah Ogola (E)

The Mombasa Hospital, Kenya.

Kieran Mwazo (K)

Department of Medicine, Coast General Teaching and Referral Hospital, Mombasa, Kenya.

Ahmed Suliman (A)

Faculty of Medicine, University of Khartoum, Sudan.

Kavita Singh (K)

Public Health Foundation of India, Gurugram, Haryana and Centre for Chronic Disease Control, New Delhi, IN.
Heidelberg Institute of Global Health, University of Heidelberg, Germany.

Lana Raspail (L)

World Heart Federation, Geneva, CH.

Dorairaj Prabhakaran (D)

Public Health Foundation India, Centre for Chronic Disease Control, IN.
World Heart Federation, CH.
London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, GB.

Pablo Perel (P)

World Heart Federation, CH.
Department of Non-communicable Disease Epidemiology, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, GB.

Karen Sliwa (K)

World Heart Federation, CH.
Cape Heart Institute, Department of Medicine & Cardiology, Groote Schuur Hospital, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, South Africa.

Ntobeko A B Ntusi (NAB)

Department of Medicine, University of Cape Town, South Africa.
UCT/SAMRC Extramural Unit on Intersection of Noncommunicable Diseases and Infectious Diseases, South Africa.
World Heart Federation, CH.
J46 (J floor) Old Main Building, Groote Schuur Hospital Observatory, 7925, Cape Town, South Africa.

Classifications MeSH