Human rickettsial infections in India - A review.
Journal
Journal of vector borne diseases
ISSN: 0972-9062
Titre abrégé: J Vector Borne Dis
Pays: India
ID NLM: 101212761
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
01 Jan 2024
01 Jan 2024
Historique:
received:
29
06
2023
accepted:
27
10
2023
medline:
23
4
2024
pubmed:
23
4
2024
entrez:
22
4
2024
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
Rickettsial infections are emerging and/or re-emerging disease that poses a serious global threat to humans and animals. Transmission to humans and animals is through the bite of the ectoparasites including ticks, fleas and chigger mites. Most of the rickettsial diseases are endemic in India, but underdiagnosed. This review is aimed at analyzing the prevalence of rickettsiosis in India and the advancement of rickettsial diagnosis. We have conducted a systematic review on the prevalence of rickettsial disease in India ranging from 1.3% to 46.6% for spotted fever, 2.4% to 77.8% for scrub typhus and 1% to 46.4% for Q fever, based on the literature published with the evidence of isolation, serological, and molecular diagnostics. Search engines Medline/PubMed, Science Direct, ProQuest, and EBSCO were used to retrieve the articles from electronic databases by using appropriate keywords to track the emergence of these rickettsial diseases in India for the period of 1865 to till date. We retrieved 153 published rickettsial articles on hospital-based studies from India that were purely made on the basis of prevalence and the laboratory parameters viz., Weil-Felix test (WF) and Rapid Immunochromatographic tests (RICT) with reference to the gold standard IFA and ELISA. More epidemiological studies are required for epidemic typhus to know the exact prevalence status of this louse-borne rickettsiosis in India. Currently, there is no confirmed specific inflammatory marker for rickettsial diseases. Moreover, serological cross-reactivity is an important aspect, and it should be investigated in endemic areas, there is also a need to include molecular diagnostic techniques for further confirmation in healthcare settings.
Identifiants
pubmed: 38648402
doi: 10.4103/0972-9062.392255
pii: 01196045-202461010-00002
doi:
Types de publication
Journal Article
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
5-22Informations de copyright
Copyright © 2024 Copyright: © 2024 Journal of Vector Borne Diseases.
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