Factors associated with high costs of patients with metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease: an observational study using the French CONSTANCES cohort.

CONSTANCES Claims data Comorbidities Healthcare costs MASLD, NAFLD

Journal

Clinical diabetes and endocrinology
ISSN: 2055-8260
Titre abrégé: Clin Diabetes Endocrinol
Pays: England
ID NLM: 101669619

Informations de publication

Date de publication:
25 Apr 2024
Historique:
received: 28 08 2023
accepted: 07 12 2023
medline: 25 4 2024
pubmed: 25 4 2024
entrez: 24 4 2024
Statut: epublish

Résumé

Despite its high prevalence in the western world metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) does not benefit from targeted pharmacological therapy. We measured healthcare utilisation and identified factors associated with high-cost MASLD patients in France. The prevalent population with MASLD (including non-alcoholic steatohepatitis) in the CONSTANCES cohort, a nationally representative sample of 200,000 adults aged between 18 and 69, was linked to the French centralised national claims database (SNDS). Study participants were identified by the fatty liver index (FLI) over the period 2015-2019. MASLD individuals were classified according as "high-cost" (above 90th percentile) or "non-high cost" (below 90th percentile). Factors significantly associated with high costs were identified using a multivariate logistic regression model. A total of 14,437 predominantly male (69%) participants with an average age of 53 ± SD 12 years were included. They mainly belonged to socially deprived population groups with co-morbidities such as diabetes, high blood pressure, mental health disorders and cardiovascular complications. The average expenditure was €1860 ± SD 4634 per year. High-cost MASLD cost €10,863 ± SD 10,859 per year. Conditions associated with high-cost were mental health disorders OR 1.79 (1.44-2.22), cardiovascular diseases OR 1.54 (1.21-1.95), metabolic comorbidities OR 1.50 (1.25-1.81), and respiratory disease OR 1.50 (1.11-2.00). The 10% high-cost participants accounted for 58% of the total national health care expenditures for MASLD. Our results emphasize the need for comprehensive management of the comorbid conditions which were the major cost drivers of MASLD. Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is the most common chronic liver disease in European countries, affecting 4–50% of the European population. Confirmation of diagnosis requires liver biopsy which is an invasive procedure. We studied the healthcare costs of patients with MASLD in order to identify cost predictors and cost drivers. We found that patients cost on average €1860 per year. Conditions associated with high-cost were mental health disorders, cardiovascular diseases, metabolic comorbidities, and respiratory disease.

Sections du résumé

BACKGROUND & AIMS OBJECTIVE
Despite its high prevalence in the western world metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) does not benefit from targeted pharmacological therapy. We measured healthcare utilisation and identified factors associated with high-cost MASLD patients in France.
METHODS METHODS
The prevalent population with MASLD (including non-alcoholic steatohepatitis) in the CONSTANCES cohort, a nationally representative sample of 200,000 adults aged between 18 and 69, was linked to the French centralised national claims database (SNDS). Study participants were identified by the fatty liver index (FLI) over the period 2015-2019. MASLD individuals were classified according as "high-cost" (above 90th percentile) or "non-high cost" (below 90th percentile). Factors significantly associated with high costs were identified using a multivariate logistic regression model.
RESULTS RESULTS
A total of 14,437 predominantly male (69%) participants with an average age of 53 ± SD 12 years were included. They mainly belonged to socially deprived population groups with co-morbidities such as diabetes, high blood pressure, mental health disorders and cardiovascular complications. The average expenditure was €1860 ± SD 4634 per year. High-cost MASLD cost €10,863 ± SD 10,859 per year. Conditions associated with high-cost were mental health disorders OR 1.79 (1.44-2.22), cardiovascular diseases OR 1.54 (1.21-1.95), metabolic comorbidities OR 1.50 (1.25-1.81), and respiratory disease OR 1.50 (1.11-2.00). The 10% high-cost participants accounted for 58% of the total national health care expenditures for MASLD.
CONCLUSION CONCLUSIONS
Our results emphasize the need for comprehensive management of the comorbid conditions which were the major cost drivers of MASLD.
Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is the most common chronic liver disease in European countries, affecting 4–50% of the European population. Confirmation of diagnosis requires liver biopsy which is an invasive procedure. We studied the healthcare costs of patients with MASLD in order to identify cost predictors and cost drivers. We found that patients cost on average €1860 per year. Conditions associated with high-cost were mental health disorders, cardiovascular diseases, metabolic comorbidities, and respiratory disease.

Autres résumés

Type: plain-language-summary (eng)
Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is the most common chronic liver disease in European countries, affecting 4–50% of the European population. Confirmation of diagnosis requires liver biopsy which is an invasive procedure. We studied the healthcare costs of patients with MASLD in order to identify cost predictors and cost drivers. We found that patients cost on average €1860 per year. Conditions associated with high-cost were mental health disorders, cardiovascular diseases, metabolic comorbidities, and respiratory disease.

Identifiants

pubmed: 38659082
doi: 10.1186/s40842-023-00163-4
pii: 10.1186/s40842-023-00163-4
doi:

Types de publication

Journal Article

Langues

eng

Pagination

9

Informations de copyright

© 2024. The Author(s).

Références

Younossi ZM, Golabi P, Paik JM, Henry A, Van Dongen C, Henry L. The global epidemiology of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH): a systematic review. Hepatology. 2023;77(4):1335–47.
doi: 10.1097/HEP.0000000000000004 pubmed: 36626630
Nabi O, Lacombe K, Boursier J, Mathurin P, Zins M, Serfaty L. Prevalence and Risk Factors of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Advanced Fibrosis in General Population: the French Nationwide NASH-CO Study. Gastroenterology. 2020;159(2):791–793.e2.
doi: 10.1053/j.gastro.2020.04.048 pubmed: 32376412
Allen AM, Lazarus JV, Younossi ZM. Healthcare and socioeconomic costs of NAFLD: A global framework to navigate the uncertainties. J Hepatol. 2023;79(1):209–17.
doi: 10.1016/j.jhep.2023.01.026 pubmed: 36740046
Boursier J, Shreay S, Fabron C, Torreton E, Fraysse J. Hospitalization costs and risk of mortality in adults with nonalcoholic steatohepatitis: Analysis of a French national hospital database. EClinicalMedicine. 2020;25:100445.
Zins M, Goldberg M, CONSTANCES team. The French CONSTANCES population-based cohort: design, inclusion and follow-up. Eur J Epidemiol. 2015;30(12):1317–28.
doi: 10.1007/s10654-015-0096-4 pubmed: 26520638 pmcid: 4690834
Bedogni G, Bellentani S, Miglioli L, Masutti F, Passalacqua M, Castiglione A, et al. The fatty liver index: a simple and accurate predictor of hepatic steatosis in the general population. BMC Gastroenterol. 2006;6(1):33.
doi: 10.1186/1471-230X-6-33 pubmed: 17081293 pmcid: 1636651
Charlson ME, Pompei P, Ales KL, MacKenzie CR. A new method of classifying prognostic comorbidity in longitudinal studies: development and validation. J Chronic Dis. 1987;40(5):373–83.
doi: 10.1016/0021-9681(87)90171-8 pubmed: 3558716
https://www.ameli.fr/l-assurance-maladie/statistiques-et-publications/etudes-en-sante-publique/cartographie-des-pathologies-et-des-depenses/methode.php .
Berkman ND, Chang E, Seibert J, et al. Characteristics of high-need, high-cost patients. A “best-fit” framework synthesis. Ann Intern Med. 2022;175:1728–41. https://doi.org/10.7326/M21-4562 .
doi: 10.7326/M21-4562 pubmed: 36343343
Pryke R, Guha IN. Time to focus on chronic liver diseases in the community: A review of primary care hepatology tools, pathways of care and reimbursement mechanisms. J Hepatol. 2023;78(3):663–71.
doi: 10.1016/j.jhep.2022.10.010 pubmed: 36283499
Wammes JJG, van der Wees PJ, Tanke MAC, Westert GP, Jeurissen PPT. Systematic review of high-cost patients' characteristics and healthcare utilisation. BMJ Open. 2018;8(9):e023113.
doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2018-023113 pubmed: 30196269 pmcid: 6129088
Geier A, Heinz S, Balp MM, Brass C, Pedrosa M, Cai J, et al. The cost of diagnosing and managing non-alcoholic steatohepatitis in Europe and the United States. J Gastrointestin Liver Dis. 2022;31(3):317–22.
doi: 10.15403/jgld-4275 pubmed: 36004416
O'Hara J, Finnegan A, Dhillon H, Ruiz-Casas L, Pedra G, Franks B, et al. Cost of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis in Europe and the USA: the GAIN study. JHEP Rep. 2020;2(5):100142.
doi: 10.1016/j.jhepr.2020.100142 pubmed: 32775976 pmcid: 7397699
Balp MM, Krieger N, Przybysz R, Way N, Cai J, Zappe D, et al. The burden of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) among patients from Europe: a real-world patient-reported outcomes study. JHEP Rep. 2019;1(3):154–61.
doi: 10.1016/j.jhepr.2019.05.009 pubmed: 32039365 pmcid: 7001541
Schattenberg JM, Lazarus JV, Newsome PN, Serfaty L, Aghemo A, Augustin S, et al. Disease burden and economic impact of diagnosed non-alcoholic steatohepatitis in five European countries in 2018: a cost-of-illness analysis. Liver Int. 2021;41(6):1227–42.
doi: 10.1111/liv.14825 pubmed: 33590598 pmcid: 8252761
Ventura-Cots M, Bataller R, Lazarus JV, Benach J, Pericàs JM. Applying an equity lens to liver health and research in Europe. J Hepatol. 2022;77(6):1699–710.
doi: 10.1016/j.jhep.2022.07.021 pubmed: 35985542
Contreras D, González-Rocha A, Clark P, Barquera S, Denova-Gutiérrez E. Diagnostic accuracy of blood biomarkers and non-invasive scores for the diagnosis of NAFLD and NASH: systematic review and meta-analysis. Ann Hepatol. 2023;28(1):100873.
doi: 10.1016/j.aohep.2022.100873 pubmed: 36371077
Castera L, Laouenan C, Vallet-Pichard A, Vidal-Trecan T, Manchon P, Paradis V, et al. High prevalence of NASH and advanced fibrosis in type 2 diabetes: a prospective study in 330 outpatients undergoing liver biopsies for elevated ALT using a low threshold. Diabetes Care. 2023;46(7):1354–62.
doi: 10.2337/dc22-2048 pubmed: 37043830
Lazarus JV, Mark HE, Allen AM, Arab JP, Carrieri P, Noureddin M, et al. Healthy lives collaborators. A global research priority agenda to advance public health responses to fatty liver disease. J Hepatol. 2023;79(3):618–34.
doi: 10.1016/j.jhep.2023.04.035 pubmed: 37353401
Stine JG, Long MT, Corey KE, Sallis RE, Allen AM, Armstrong MJ, et al. American College of Sports Medicine (ACSM) international multidisciplinary roundtable report on physical activity and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Hepatol Commun. 2023;7(4):e0108.
doi: 10.1097/HC9.0000000000000108 pubmed: 36995998 pmcid: 10069861
Rinella ME, Lazarus JV, Ratziu V, Francque SM, Sanyal AJ, Kanwal F, et al. NAFLD nomenclature consensus group. A multisociety Delphi consensus statement on new fatty liver disease nomenclature. Hepatology. 2023;78(6):1966–86.
doi: 10.1097/HEP.0000000000000520 pubmed: 37363821

Auteurs

Arnaud Nze Ossima (AN)

DRCI- Health economics, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital de l'Hôtel Dieu, 75004, Paris, France.

Angélique Brzustowski (A)

Université Paris Cité, INSERM, Centre de recherche sur l'inflammation, F-75018, Paris, France.

Valérie Paradis (V)

Université Paris Cité, Paris, France AP-HP, Hôpital Beaujon, 92110 Clichy, France Service Anatomie et cytologie pathologiques, INSERM, Centre de recherche sur l'inflammation, F-75018, Paris, France.

Bernard Van Beers (B)

Radiology, AP-HP, Hôpital Beaujon, 92110, Clichy, France.

Catherine Postic (C)

Université Paris Cité, INSERM, Centre de recherche sur l'inflammation, F-75018, Paris, France.

Cédric Laouénan (C)

Université Paris Cité, INSERM, IAME UMR 1137, Paris, France, AP-HP.Nord, Hôpital Bichat, Département d'Epidémiologie Biostatistique et Recherche Clinique, Paris, France.
Université Paris Cité and Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, Inserm, IAME, F-75018 Paris, France AP-HP, Hôpital Bichat Service DEBRC, 75018, Paris, France.

Stanislas Pol (S)

Liver department, Hôpital Cochin-APHP, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France.

Laurent Castéra (L)

Hepatology department, Hôpital Beaujon, AP-HP, Université Paris Cité, INSERM UMR 1149, CRI, Clichy, France.

Jean-François Gautier (JF)

Université Paris Cité, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Lariboisière group and Inserm U1151, Service de diabétologie et d'endocrinologie - Centre Universitaire du Diabète et de ses Complications, Paris, France.

Sebastien Czernichow (S)

Université de Paris-Cité and Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, Paris, France, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Service de Nutrition, Centre Spécialisé Obésité, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, Paris, France, Centre of Research in Epidemiology and Statistics (CRESS-U1153), Inserm, INRAE, Paris, France.

Anais Vallet-Pichard (A)

Université Paris Cité, Liver department, Hôpital Cochin-APHP, Paris, France.

Etienne Larger (E)

Université Paris Cité, Diabetology department, Hôpital Cochin-APHP, Paris, France.

Lawrence Serfaty (L)

Université de Strasbourg, Hepatogastroenterology Service, Hôpital Hautepierre, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg 67000, Strasbourg, France, INSERM UMR_S938, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France.

Marie Zins (M)

UMS 11 Inserm, Versailles-Saint Quentin University, Versailles, France.

Dominique Valla (D)

Université Paris Cité, INSERM, Centre de recherche sur l'inflammation, F-75018, Paris, France.
Service hépatologie, AP-HP, Hôpital Beaujon, 92110, Clichy, France.

Isabelle Durand Zaleski (ID)

DRCI- Health economics, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital de l'Hôtel Dieu, 75004, Paris, France. Isabelle.durand-zaleski@aphp.fr.
Universite Paris Est Créteil, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Service de Santé Publique, Henri Mondor-Albert- Chenevier, 94000 Créteil, France, Centre of Research in Epidemiology and Statistics (CRESS-U1153),Inserm, INRAE, Paris, France. Isabelle.durand-zaleski@aphp.fr.

Classifications MeSH