Assessing the preparedness and future-readiness of Malaysian community pharmacists in Klang Valley regarding the use of medical marijuana.
Attitude
Knowledge
Legalisation
Medical Marijuana
Journal
BMC health services research
ISSN: 1472-6963
Titre abrégé: BMC Health Serv Res
Pays: England
ID NLM: 101088677
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
25 Apr 2024
25 Apr 2024
Historique:
received:
26
12
2023
accepted:
18
04
2024
medline:
26
4
2024
pubmed:
26
4
2024
entrez:
25
4
2024
Statut:
epublish
Résumé
This study investigated community pharmacists' level of knowledge and attitude towards medical marijuana and its association with sociodemographic characteristics. A cross-sectional study was conducted from 21 February 2022 to 15 November 2022. Community pharmacists working in Klang Valley were given a self-administered questionnaire. This survey instrument facilitated the collection of information about their sociodemographic attributes, training background, and knowledge and attitude concerning medical marijuana. Through rigorous analysis of the accumulated data, discernible factors correlating with the levels of knowledge and attitudes surrounding medical marijuana were identified. The majority (n=149, 53.8%) of participants had low knowledge of medical marijuana. Participants with lower knowledge of medical marijuana tend to have a negative attitude toward medical marijuana. Besides that, male participants showed higher knowledge of medical marijuana than female participants. Furthermore, it was found that atheists had the most negative attitude among other religions toward medical marijuana. Most community pharmacists in Malaysia lack sufficient knowledge about medical marijuana. This indicates that Malaysian pharmacists are not future-ready and need to equip themselves with adequate knowledge of the indications and adverse effects of medical marijuana if it is to be legalised one day. Thus, there is a need for improved training and education of pharmacists around cannabis-based medicines.
Sections du résumé
BACKGROUND
BACKGROUND
This study investigated community pharmacists' level of knowledge and attitude towards medical marijuana and its association with sociodemographic characteristics.
METHODS
METHODS
A cross-sectional study was conducted from 21 February 2022 to 15 November 2022. Community pharmacists working in Klang Valley were given a self-administered questionnaire. This survey instrument facilitated the collection of information about their sociodemographic attributes, training background, and knowledge and attitude concerning medical marijuana. Through rigorous analysis of the accumulated data, discernible factors correlating with the levels of knowledge and attitudes surrounding medical marijuana were identified.
RESULTS
RESULTS
The majority (n=149, 53.8%) of participants had low knowledge of medical marijuana. Participants with lower knowledge of medical marijuana tend to have a negative attitude toward medical marijuana. Besides that, male participants showed higher knowledge of medical marijuana than female participants. Furthermore, it was found that atheists had the most negative attitude among other religions toward medical marijuana.
CONCLUSION
CONCLUSIONS
Most community pharmacists in Malaysia lack sufficient knowledge about medical marijuana. This indicates that Malaysian pharmacists are not future-ready and need to equip themselves with adequate knowledge of the indications and adverse effects of medical marijuana if it is to be legalised one day. Thus, there is a need for improved training and education of pharmacists around cannabis-based medicines.
Identifiants
pubmed: 38664704
doi: 10.1186/s12913-024-11008-w
pii: 10.1186/s12913-024-11008-w
doi:
Substances chimiques
Medical Marijuana
0
Types de publication
Journal Article
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
524Informations de copyright
© 2024. The Author(s).
Références
A Quiet Revolution: Drug Decriminalisation Across the Globe | Release. Cited 2022 Oct 12. Available from: https://www.release.org.uk/publications/drug-decriminalisation-2016 .
The Science of Marijuana, 2nd edn. Br J Clin Pharmacol. 2009;67(2):268. Cited 2022 Oct 12. Available from: /PMC/articles/PMC2670388/
Volkow ND, Wang GJ, Telang F, Fowler JS, Alexoff D, Logan J, et al. Decreased dopamine brain reactivity in marijuana abusers is associated with negative emotionality and addiction severity. Proc Natl Acad Sci. 2014;111(30): E3149–56. Cited 2022 Nov 4. Available from: https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.1411228111 .
Marijuana Withdrawal: Symptoms, Prevention, Treatment and More. Cited 2022 Nov 4. Available from: https://www.healthline.com/health/marijuana-withdrawal#symptoms .
Marijuana intoxication: MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia. Cited 2022 Nov 4. Available from: https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/000952.htm .
7 Potential Health Benefits of Cannabis | Johnson & Wales University. Cited 2023 Feb 15. Available from: https://www.jwu.edu/news/2021/09/7-potential-health-benefits-of-cannabis.html .
Svrakic DM, Lustman PJ, Mallya A, Lynn TA, Finney R, Svrakic NM. Legalisation, Decriminalization & Medicinal Use of Cannabis: A Scientific and Public Health Perspective. Mo Med. 2012;109(2):90. Cited 2022 Oct 12. Available from: /PMC/articles/PMC6181739/
Dapari R, Mahfot MH, Nazan AINM, Hassan MR, Dom NC, Rahim SSSA. Acceptance towards decriminalisation of medical marijuana among adults in Selangor, Malaysia. PLoS One. 2022;17(2):e0262819. Cited 2022 Oct 12. Available from: https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0262819 .
Thailand Drops Cannabis From Its List of Controlled Narcotics – The Diplomat. Cited 2022 Oct 12. Available from: https://thediplomat.com/2022/02/thailand-drops-cannabis-from-its-list-of-controlled-narcotics/ .
Channel News Asia. Import and use of medical marijuana products allowed in Malaysia if legal requirements are met: Khairy. Available at https://www.channelnewsasia.com/asia/malaysia-marijuana-cannabis-2301136 .
Sabmeethavorn Q, Bonomo YA, Hallinan CM. Pharmacists’ perceptions and experiences of medicinal cannabis dispensing: a narrative review with a systematic approach. Int J Pharm Pract. 2022;30(3):204–14.
doi: 10.1093/ijpp/riac005
pubmed: 35225341
Bazzari FH, Bazzari AH. Attitudes and Knowledge Regarding the Therapeutic Use of Cannabinoids among Community Pharmacists: A Pilot Cross-Sectional Study in Amman, Jordan. InHealthcare 2023 Feb 26 (Vol. 11, No. 5, p. 694). MDPI.
Mekrungrongwong S, Kitreerawutiwong N, Keeratisiroj O, Jariya W. Self-perceived knowledge, attitudes, and training needs regarding medical cannabis among health care providers and health volunteers in district health systems, Phitsanulok Province. BMC Primary Care. 2022;23(1):266.
doi: 10.1186/s12875-022-01877-7
pubmed: 36271334
pmcid: 9585781
Register of Licences | Pharmaceutical Services Programme. Cited 2022 Oct 12. Available from: https://www.pharmacy.gov.my/v2/en/information/register-licences.html .
Malaysia’s MOH Contract Pharmacists: Stuck in Limbo? - MPS Young Pharmacist Chapter. Cited 2022 Oct 12. Available from: https://mpsypc.com.my/publications/malaysias-moh-contract-pharmacists-stuck-in-limbo/ .
Malaysian Pharmacists Society. Cited 2022 Oct 12. Available from: https://www.mps.org.my/newsmaster.cfm?&menuid=37&action=view&retrieveid=7732 .
Sokratous S, Kaikoush K, Mpouzika MD, Alexandrou G, Karanikola NM. Attitudes, beliefs and knowledge about medical cannabis among nurses and midwives in Cyprus: a cross-sectional descriptive correlational study. BMC Nurs. 2022; 21(1). Cited 2022 Oct 14. Available from: /PMC/articles/PMC9118681/
Hailu HG, Gobezie MY, Tuha A, Mulugeta R, Mohammed SA. Doping Knowledge, Attitude and Practice of Pharmacists in Dessie, Northeast Ethiopia. Integr Pharm Res Pract. 2021;10:43. Cited 2022 Oct 14. Available from: /PMC/articles/PMC8178700/
Szyliowicz D, Hilsenrath P. Medical Marijuana Knowledge and Attitudes: A Survey of the California Pharmacists Association. https://doi.org/10.1177/2150132719831871 . 2019;10. Cited 2022 Oct 14. Available from: https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/full/10.1177/2150132719831871 .
Moeller KE, McGuire JM, Melton BL. A nationwide survey of pharmacy students’ knowledge and perceptions regarding medical cannabis. J Am PharmAssoc. 2020;60(1):218-224.e3.
Open Science - Journal - Archive. Cited 2022 Oct 13. Available from: http://www.openscienceonline.com/journal/archive2?journalId=720&paperId=5005 .
Dawood OT, Hassali MA, Saleem F. Factors affecting knowledge and practice of medicine use among the general public in the State of Penang, Malaysia. J Pharm Health Serv Res. 2017;8(1):51–7. Cited 2022 Nov 6. Available from: https://academic.oup.com/jphsr/article/8/1/51/6068447 .
Turner AR, Agrawal S. Marijuana. In: StatPearls. StatPearls Publishing, Treasure Island (FL); 2023. PMID: 28613552.
Kruger DJ, Moffet IM, Seluk LC, Zammit LA. A content analysis of internet information sources on medical cannabis. J Cannabis Res. 2020;2:1–6.
doi: 10.1186/s42238-020-00041-1
Open Science - Journal - Archive. Cited 2022 Oct 5. Available from: http://www.openscienceonline.com/journal/archive2?journalId=720&paperId=5005 .
Mekrungrongwong S, Kitreerawutiwong N, Keeratisiroj O, Jariya W. Self-perceived knowledge, attitudes, and training needs regarding medical cannabis among health care providers and health volunteers in district health systems, Phitsanulok Province. BMC Primary Care. 2022;23(1):1–9. Cited 2023 Feb 19. Available from: https://bmcprimcare.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12875-022-01877-7 .
Felnhofer A, Kothgassner OD, Stoll A, Klier C. Knowledge about and attitudes towards medical cannabis among Austrian university students. Complement Ther Med. 2021;1(58):102700.
doi: 10.1016/j.ctim.2021.102700
Greaves L, Hemsing N. Sex and gender interactions on the use and impact of recreational cannabis. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020;17(2):509.
doi: 10.3390/ijerph17020509
pubmed: 31947505
pmcid: 7014129
Ellis JD, Resko SM, Szechy K, Smith R, Early TJ. Characteristics Associated with Attitudes toward Marijuana Legalization in Michigan. https://doi.org/10.1080/0279107220191610199 . 2019 ;51(4):335–42. Cited 2022 Oct 9. Available from: https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/02791072.2019.1610199 .
The God Shiva Is Honored At A Festival In Nepal With Bonfires ... And Marijuana : Goats and Soda : NPR. Cited 2022 Oct 5. Available from: https://www.npr.org/sections/goatsandsoda/2016/03/07/469519964/shiva-is-a-god-who-likes-marijuana-and-so-do-many-of-his-followers .
Edgar TW, Manz DO. Exploratory study. Res Methods Cyber Secur. 2017;1:95–130.
doi: 10.1016/B978-0-12-805349-2.00004-2