Exploring the Prevalence of Oral Features for Early Detection of PTEN Hamartoma Tumour Syndrome.
Cowden syndrome
PHTS
PTEN
Phenotype
Prevention
Recognition
Journal
International dental journal
ISSN: 1875-595X
Titre abrégé: Int Dent J
Pays: England
ID NLM: 0374714
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
01 May 2024
01 May 2024
Historique:
received:
23
02
2024
revised:
04
04
2024
accepted:
07
04
2024
medline:
3
5
2024
pubmed:
3
5
2024
entrez:
2
5
2024
Statut:
aheadofprint
Résumé
Patients with PTEN hamartoma tumour syndrome (PHTS) have an increased risk of developing cancer due to a pathogenic germline variant in the PTEN tumour suppressor gene. Early recognition of PHTS facilitates initiation of cancer surveillance which is highly effective in preventing the development of advanced malignancies. PHTS is rare and due to its varied phenotype, even within families, oral abnormalities may be a valuable tool in the identification of these patients at an early stage before cancer development. Between 1997 and 2020, phenotypic characteristics were evaluated in 81 paediatric (median age: 9 years) and 86 adult (median age: 40 years) PHTS patients by one of 2 medical experts during yearly surveillance visits at a Dutch PHTS expertise centre. Oral features evaluated included gingival hypertrophy, oral papillomas, and high palate (in adults). Within adults, gingival hypertrophy was present in 94%, oral papillomas in 88%, and a high palate in 89%. All adult patients had at least one of these oral features, and 99% showed at least 2 oral features. Oral features were less common in paediatric patients, especially under 11 years of age. Gingival hypertrophy was observed in 44% and oral papillomas in 54% of paediatric patients. The presence of 2 or 3 oral features may indicate PHTS in adults or adolescents, especially if macrocephaly is present. Dental professionals are well-positioned to recognise these oral manifestations could be related to PHTS. They can initiate an overall clinical assessment of the patient by alerting the patient's medical practitioner of the findings and the possible need for genetic testing. This could significantly improve outcomes, including life expectancy, for patients and possibly for their relatives. Dental professionals are ideally placed to recognise oral features and initiate early assessment of PHTS which could significantly improve patient outcomes.
Identifiants
pubmed: 38697906
pii: S0020-6539(24)00119-9
doi: 10.1016/j.identj.2024.04.014
pii:
doi:
Types de publication
Journal Article
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Informations de copyright
Copyright © 2024 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Déclaration de conflit d'intérêts
Conflict of interest None disclosed.