Risk of gestational diabetes in women with PCOS based on body mass index: The Japan Environment and Children's Study.

Women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), which is the most common endocrine disorder in women of reproductive age, have a potentially increased risk of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). To examine the impact of PCOS on GDM based on maternal body mass index (BMI) using data from a large birth cohort study in Japan. Prospective observational study using data from the Japan Environment and Children's Study (JECS). Singleton pregnancies in the JECS during 2011-2014 were included. Mothers with HbA1c levels of ≥6.5% in the first trimester and history of DM or steroid use during pregnancy were excluded. Participants were categorized according to their pre-pregnancy BMIs: G1 (<18.5 kg/m2), G2 (18.5-19.99 kg/m2), G3 (20.0-22.99 kg/m2), G4 (23.0-24.99 kg/m2), and G5 (≥25.0 kg/m2). The impact of PCOS on early (Ed) and late-onset (Ld) GDM for each group was estimated using a multiple logistic regression model. We included 92774 participants, comprising 2012 PCOS(+) cases. GDM occurrence was higher in women with PCOS (p<0.001). PCOS had no effect on GDM in G1, G2, and G3. In G4, PCOS increased the risk of Ed GDM (adjusted odds ratio [aOR]: 3.27, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.29-8.29). In G5, PCOS increased the risk of both Ed (aOR: 2.48, 95% CI: 1.53-4.02) and Ld GDM (aOR: 1.94, 95% CI: 1.23-3.07). The impact of PCOS on GDM occurrence depended on the pre-pregnancy BMIs, which may facilitate personalized preconception counseling among women with PCOS.

Informations de copyright

© The Author(s) 2024. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Endocrine Society. All rights reserved. For commercial re-use, please contact [e-mail] for reprints and translation rights for reprints. All other permissions can be obtained through our RightsLink service via the Permissions link on the article page on our site—for further information please contact [e-mail].