A Goffmanian analysis of impact of unclear professional identity and role negotiation of pharmacists in primary care: A multiple case study.

Collaboration Goffman Negotiating Pharmacist role Professional identity Qualitative

Journal

Research in social & administrative pharmacy : RSAP
ISSN: 1934-8150
Titre abrégé: Res Social Adm Pharm
Pays: United States
ID NLM: 101231974

Informations de publication

Date de publication:
03 May 2024
Historique:
received: 17 03 2024
revised: 26 04 2024
accepted: 29 04 2024
medline: 5 5 2024
pubmed: 5 5 2024
entrez: 4 5 2024
Statut: aheadofprint

Résumé

Professional identity and its development is a focus of research, education, and practice. But, there is a lack of how professional identity impacts changes in pharmacists' roles in practice, which are particularly prevalent in primary care teams. This research uses Goffmanian theory, micro-sociologic interactional theory, to describe the outcomes of role negotiation in integrated primary care teams. This is a multiple case study done per Yin, which used interviews and documents to collect data. Interviews used a storytelling format to gather information on the pharmacist's role and negotiation with their team. Four to six interviews were done in each case. Data was analyzed in an iterative manner using the Qualitative approach by Leuven including narrative reports being created for each case. Five cases were recruited but three cases were completed. In each case, the pharmacist was passive in role negotiation and allowed other actors to decide what tasks were of value. Likely this passivity was due to their professional identities: supportive and "not a physician". These identities led to a focus on the pharmacists' need to develop. This multi-case study demonstrated that pharmacists' professional identity led to passivity being valued and expected. Whether pharmacists self-limited, which has been previously seen, needs to be better defined. But unclear archetypes reduced tasks identified as unique to the pharmacist. Goffmanian theory highlighted a key success for future pharmacist role negotiation, a clear professional identity by both pharmacists and society, including team members. Until that occurs, there is a risk of underuse in primary care team settings.

Sections du résumé

BACKGROUND BACKGROUND
Professional identity and its development is a focus of research, education, and practice. But, there is a lack of how professional identity impacts changes in pharmacists' roles in practice, which are particularly prevalent in primary care teams.
OBJECTIVES OBJECTIVE
This research uses Goffmanian theory, micro-sociologic interactional theory, to describe the outcomes of role negotiation in integrated primary care teams.
METHODS METHODS
This is a multiple case study done per Yin, which used interviews and documents to collect data. Interviews used a storytelling format to gather information on the pharmacist's role and negotiation with their team. Four to six interviews were done in each case. Data was analyzed in an iterative manner using the Qualitative approach by Leuven including narrative reports being created for each case.
RESULTS RESULTS
Five cases were recruited but three cases were completed. In each case, the pharmacist was passive in role negotiation and allowed other actors to decide what tasks were of value. Likely this passivity was due to their professional identities: supportive and "not a physician". These identities led to a focus on the pharmacists' need to develop. This multi-case study demonstrated that pharmacists' professional identity led to passivity being valued and expected. Whether pharmacists self-limited, which has been previously seen, needs to be better defined. But unclear archetypes reduced tasks identified as unique to the pharmacist.
CONCLUSION CONCLUSIONS
Goffmanian theory highlighted a key success for future pharmacist role negotiation, a clear professional identity by both pharmacists and society, including team members. Until that occurs, there is a risk of underuse in primary care team settings.

Identifiants

pubmed: 38704302
pii: S1551-7411(24)00152-9
doi: 10.1016/j.sapharm.2024.04.016
pii:
doi:

Types de publication

Journal Article

Langues

eng

Sous-ensembles de citation

IM

Informations de copyright

Copyright © 2024 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Déclaration de conflit d'intérêts

Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no competing interests.

Auteurs

Jennifer D Lake (JD)

Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, 639 - 144 College Street, Toronto, ON, M5S 3M2, Canada. Electronic address: jennifer.lake@utoronto.ca.

Janet Barnsley (J)

Institute of Health Policy Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, 4th Floor - 155 College Street, Toronto, ON, M5T 3M6, Canada.

Aisha Lofters (A)

Women's College Research Institute, Women's College Hospital, 76 Grenville Street, Toronto, ON, M5S 1B2, Canada.

Zubin Austin (Z)

Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, 707 - 144 College Street, Toronto, ON, M5S 3M2, Canada.

Classifications MeSH